Ormiophasia busckii Townsend, 1919

Gudin, Filipe M. & Nihei, Silvio S., 2019, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species, Zootaxa 4643 (1), pp. 1-74 : 12-25

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:518ACC5F-A320-4EBD-B750-50006F40B054
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4333256
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E98795-FF98-1166-FF53-FDFDFBBEC370
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Ormiophasia busckii Townsend, 1919
status

Treatment

Ormiophasia busckii Townsend, 1919 View in CoL

( Figs 3A View FIGURE 3 , 4A View FIGURE 4 , 5A View FIGURE 5 , 7A View FIGURE 7 , 9A View FIGURE 9 , 11A View FIGURE 11 , 13A View FIGURE 13 , 15–16 View FIGURE 15 View FIGURE 16 , 38A View FIGURE 38 )

Ormiophasia busckii Townsend, 1919: 165 View in CoL (description of female). Holotype female (USNM), examined. Type locality: Panama, Cabima.

Ormia busckii: Malloch (1929: 279 ; as Ormia View in CoL , comments about validity of Ormiophasia View in CoL , record from San José, Costa Rica); Curran (1934: 495; key to species of Ormia View in CoL , record from Kartabo [ Guyana]).

Ormiophasia busckii: Townsend (1931: 82 View in CoL ; synonymy of inflata View in CoL and obscura with busckii View in CoL ); Townsend (1938: 236; catalog, description); Sabrosky (1953: 182; catalog, record from Venezuela); Grégoire (1959: 13, 15, 18; as bushkii, misspelling, pattern of hemolymph coagulation in insects); Tavares (1964: 38, catalog; 39, key to species of Ormiophasia View in CoL ; 41, comparison to O. lanei View in CoL ; 44, comparison to O. causeyi View in CoL ; 47, comparison to O. costalimai View in CoL ; 49, comparison to O. cruzi View in CoL ); Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog); Evenhuis et al. (2015: 197; catalog of Townsend’s genera); Nihei (2016: 914 View Cited Treatment ; catalog of Diptera of Colombia, discussion of record in Colombia).

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♀ ( Fig. 16 View FIGURE 16 ): “ Cabima , Pan [ Panama]/ May 24.11 [1911]/ August Busck [leg.]”/ “TD 4418 [handwriting]”/ “ Type / No. [blank]/ U.S.N.M.” [red label]/ “ Ormiophasia busckii T./ ♀ / Det CHTT” ( USNM).

Additional material examined. Panama: 1 ♀, Arraijan , 24.vi.1952, F.S. Blanton leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 10.v.1926, C.T. Greene leg. ( NHMUK) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 31.vii.1940 [no collector] ( CEIOC) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 1.i.1941, Cooper leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 2.v.1941, Jas Zetek leg., No. 4784 ( USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 2.v.1941, Jas Zetek leg., No. 4784 ( CEIOC) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, x.1942, Jas Zetek leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 16.vi.1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 30.vi.1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♂, 9 ♀♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 1–9.v.1964, W.D. & S.S. Duckworth leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 10–17.v.1964, W.D. & S.S. Duckworth leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], 4 ♀♀ [one dissected], Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 5–10.iv.1965, S.S. & W.D. Duckworth leg. ( USNM) ; 18 ♀♀ [one dissected], Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 10–20.iv.1965, S.S. & W.D. Duckworth leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♂ [photographed] ( Figs 5A View FIGURE 5 , 9A View FIGURE 9 , 11A View FIGURE 11 , 15A, C, E, G View FIGURE 15 ), Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 12–14.iii.1975, R. Silberglied leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♀, Ca- nal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 17.iii.1976, Silberglied & Aiello leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♀ [photographed] ( Figs 7A View FIGURE 7 , 13A View FIGURE 13 , 15B, D, F View FIGURE 15 ), Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 31.iii.1978, Silberglied & Aiello leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♂ [dissected], Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 17.iii.1978, Silberglied & Aiello leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colo- rado Island, 22.iv.1978, Silberglied & Aiello leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♀, Canal Zone , Barro Colorado Island, 21.vi.1978, N.E. Woodley leg. ( USNM) ; 2 ♀♀, Canal Zone , Navy Res., Nr. Gamboa, 29.iii.1965, S.S. & W.D. Duckworth leg. ( USNM) ; 2 ♀♀, Cerro Campana , Nr. chica, 2–5.iv.1965, S.S. & W.D. Duckworth leg. ( USNM) ; 1 ♀, Potrerillos , 27.i.1934, D.V. Brown leg. ( USNM) .

Distribution. Panama (provinces of Chiriqui, Panama and Panama Oeste).

Diagnosis. Ormiophasia busckii can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by ocellar triangle bare, without setulae ( Fig. 15 View FIGURE 15 C–D); head with yellow pruinosity ( Figs 5A View FIGURE 5 , 7A View FIGURE 7 ); body entirely brown with base of abdomen brownish-yellow ( Figs 9A View FIGURE 9 , 11A View FIGURE 11 , 13A View FIGURE 13 ); wing hyaline ( Fig. 15G View FIGURE 15 ); dorsal surface of epandrium broad with posterior margin inclined posteriorly, higher than anterior margin ( Fig. 38A View FIGURE 38 ); and apex of male cerci about 1/2 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, and little more than 1/3 of cerci width, abruptly constricted. The shape of the male cerci of O. busckii is similar to that in O. tavaresi sp. nov. ( Fig. 41C View FIGURE 41 ), but this last species can be easily distinguished by the darker body color ( Figs 6E View FIGURE 6 , 8D View FIGURE 8 , 10E View FIGURE 10 , 14D View FIGURE 14 ), silver pruinosity on the head, clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane, and anteroventral epandrial process extending well beyond ventral epandrial margin. The body color of O. obscura ( Figs 9H View FIGURE 9 , 11H View FIGURE 11 ) is similar to that of O. busckii , but O. obscura has a setulose ocellar triangle and head with silver pruinosity ( Fig. 5H View FIGURE 5 ).

Description of male. Body length 7.68–8.41 mm (mean = 7.94 mm); wing length 7.63–8.49 mm (mean = 8 mm) (n = 6).

Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose ( Figs 9A View FIGURE 9 , 11A View FIGURE 11 ). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe brownish-yellow. Lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum brown. Subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing hyaline ( Fig. 15G View FIGURE 15 ). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen brownish-yellow at base, becoming brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity. Sternites brownish-yellow.

Head ( Figs 5A View FIGURE 5 , 15A, C View FIGURE 15 ). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.80. Ocelli twice the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 3. Frontal vitta obliterated. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere twice length of pedicel. Face 1.5 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial.

Thorax. Basisternum 0.62 times as high as wide ( Fig. 15E View FIGURE 15 ); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.79 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2–3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 6–9 setae. Meral setae 6–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2 dorsal and 2–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10–11 dorsal setae and row of 12–15 posteroventral setae, distributed from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 basal posteroventral setae. Hind femur with row of 11–12 anterodorsal setae distributed from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2–3 median posterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta.

Terminalia ( Fig. 38A View FIGURE 38 ). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium broad, posterior margin inclined posteriorly, higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin slightly curved, without a distinct median projection; apex about 1/2 total length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, thick and rounded in lateral view; apex a little more than 1/3 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, of same thickness over its entire length; apex rounded in lateral view.

Redescription of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 7.54–8.43 mm (mean = 8.07 mm); wing length 8.16–9.21 mm (mean = 8.82 mm) (n = 10). Head ( Figs 7A View FIGURE 7 , 15B, D View FIGURE 15 ). Frontal vitta subequal in width to frontoorbital plate. Frontal setae 6–8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. Thorax. Basisternum 0.60 times as high as wide ( Fig. 15F View FIGURE 15 ); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular, with broad base. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.84 times as high as wide.

Remarks. The males were associated with the females both by being from the same locality and through body color and ocellar triangle bare. The male of O. busckii is described for the first time in the present study. In the original description, Townsend referred to O. busckii with “ocellar bristles absent” ( Townsend 1919: 165). The term bristle, however, is dubious and can be associated both with setae or setulae. This confusion probably led Tavares to consider O. busckii as lacking ocellar setae in his key ( Tavares 1964: 39). All Ormiophasia species have ocellar setae, but O. busckii is clearly distinguished by its bare ocellar triangle, i.e., without setulae, which can also be verified in the holotype ( Fig. 16A View FIGURE 16 ). Regarding its distribution, Malloch (1929) recorded O. busckii in Costa Rica (San José), Curran (1934) in Guyana (Kartabo) and Sabrosky (1953) in Panama, Costa Rica and Venezuela. This information led Nihei (2016) to infer the presence of O. busckii also in Colombia. However, Ormiophasia specimens from all these localities were examined and O. busckii seems to be restricted only to Panama. About Townsend’s synonymies ( Townsend 1931), O. obscura is distinct from O. busckii , as already mentioned above, and the male terminalia of O. inflata are strikingly different ( Fig. 39B View FIGURE 39 ), which invalidates these nomenclatural acts.