Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares, 1964

Gudin, Filipe M. & Nihei, Silvio S., 2019, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species, Zootaxa 4643 (1), pp. 1-74 : 29-32

Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares, 1964

( Figs 5C , 7C , 9C , 11C , 13C , 19–20 , 38C )

Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares, 1964: 44 (description of male). Holotype male (CEIOC), examined. Type locality: Brazil, Pará , Serra do Cachimbo.

Ormiophasia costalimai: Tavares (1964: 39 , key to species; 45, illustrations of head, abdomen, wing and terminalia; 47, comparison to O. busckii ; 52, comparison to O. travassosi ); Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog).

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ ( Fig. 20 ): “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará , compris- ing some municipalities of Pará ], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Alt 400m, 12/18–I–956 [1956.01.12 –18]/ L. Travassos & S. Oliveira col.”/ “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det.”/ “Holotipo” [red label]/ “N. 13.190/ DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz” ( CEIOC).

PARATYPES: Brazil: 1 ♂: “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det.”/ “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará , comprising some municipalities of Pará ], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Alt 400m, 12/18–I–956 [1956.01.12 –18]/ L. Travassos & S. Oliveira col.”/ “ Paratypus [pink label]”/ “N. 13.194/ DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz” ( MZSP) ; 1 ♂: “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará , comprising some municipalities of Pará ], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Alt 400m, 12/18–I–956 [1956.01.12 –18]/ L. Travassos & S. Oliveira col.”/ “ Paratypus [pink label]”/ “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det.” ( MZSP) ; 1 ♂: “ Ormiophasia costalimai / O. Tavares det.”/ “ Cachimbo [ridge located South the state of Pará , comprising some municipalities of Pará ], Estado do Pará [PA, state of Brazil]/ Alt 400m, 14/21–IX–956 [1956.10.14 –21]/ L. Travassos & S. Oliveira col.”/ “ Paratypus [pink label]”/ “N. 13.196/ DIPTERA / Inst. Oswaldo Cruz”/ “ Ormia costalimai (Tavares) / det Sabrosky” ( MZSP) .

Additional material examined. Brazil: 1 ♀, Amazonas, Carauari, 5º05’31”S 67º1-‘03”W, vii.2005, A. Hen- riques & Xavier-Filho leg. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Cuipiranga, Nhamundá River, 22 m, 1º53’58”S 57º02’59”W, 20–23.v.2008, J.A. Rafael et al. ( INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Ipixuna, Liberdade River, Estirão da Preta, 7º21’46.7”S 71º52’07.1”W, 13.v.2011, J.A. Rafael et al. ( INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Ipixuna, Liberdade River, Estirão da Preta, 7º10’11.7”S 71º49’10.3”W, 23.v.2011, J.A. Rafael et al. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Ipixuna, Gregório River, Com. Lago Grande, 7º10’11.7”S 70º49’10.3”W, 23.v.2011, J.A. Rafael et al. ( INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Itapiranga, AM363 [highway] Km 111, 02º42’57”S 58º00’46”W, 8–9.x.2010, R. Machado et al. leg. ( INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], Ama- zonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 26.x.2003, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. ( INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 18–21.ii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. ( INPA); 2 ♂♂ [one dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 19–22.iii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. ( INPA); 2 ♂♂ [one dissected, one photographed] ( Figs 5C , 9C , 11C , 19A, C, E, G ), Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 16–19.iv.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. ( INPA); 2 ♂♂ [one dissected], 1 ♀ [photographed] ( Figs 7C , 13C , 19B, D, F ), Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 18–21.v.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. ( INPA); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 16–19.vii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. ( INPA); 2 ♀♀, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 13–16.viii.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. ( INPA); 2 ♀♀ [one dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, Km 14, 40 m, 2º35’21”S 60º06’55”W, 12–15.x.2004, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. ( INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Manaus, 1.xi.2005, J.A. Rafael et al. leg. ( INPA); 1 ♂, Amazonas, Manaus, Km 34, 40 m, 2º35’37”S 60º12’39”W, 9–10.vii.2008, J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier leg. ( INPA); 1 ♀, Amazonas, Maturacá, Negro River, 17.xii.1962, J. & B. Bechyné leg. ( MPEG); 2 ♀♀, Amazonas, Presidente Figueiredo, Com. São Francisco, AM240 [highway] Km 24, 2º01’05”S 59º49’59”W, 26.vii–3.viii.2005, F.F. Xavier et al. ( INPA); 1 ♂ [dissected], 1 ♀, Mato Grosso, Jacaré, National Park of Xingu, xi.1961, Alvarenga & Werner leg. ( MZSP); 1 ♂ [dissected], Pará, Altamira, Xingu River, 3º39’S 52º22’W, 2–8.x.1986, P. Spangler & O. Flint leg. ( USNM); 3 ♀♀, Pará, Cachimbo, 400 m, 14–21.ix.1955, L. Travassos & S. Oliveira leg. ( CEIOC); 4 ♀♀, Pará, Cachimbo, 400 m, 12–18.i.1956, L. Travassos & S. Oliveira leg. ( CEIOC); 1 ♀, Pará, São Geraldo do Araguaia, Serra das Andorinhas, 6º12’58.8”S 48º26.1’01.6”W, 1–10.xii.2001, L.S. Gorayeb et al. leg. ( MPEG). Colombia: 1 ♀, [as Columbien], 1931, E. Pehltke S. leg. ( CEIOC); 1 ♀, Valle del Cauca, E. of Buenaventura, Dagua River, 17.ix.1970, R. Dietz & H. Moore leg. ( USNM). Ecuador: 1 ♀, Napo, Lago Agrio, 19.ix.1975, Andrea Langley leg. ( USNM); 1 ♀, Pichincha, Santo Domingo, 22–28.vii.1976, Jeffrey Cohen leg. ( USNM). Guyana: 1 ♀, Mazaruni River, 20.viii.1937, Richard & Smart leg. ( NHMUK); 1 ♀, 1953, A.H. Bastley leg. ( NHMUK). Peru: 1 ♀, Junín, Satipo, xii.1948, P. Paprzycki leg. ( USNM). Suriname: 1 ♀, Marowijne, Anapaike, Lawa River, xi.1963, B. Malkin leg. ( CEIOC). Venezuela: 1 ♂ [dissected], Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina [near to Neblina], 140 m, 0 o 50’N 66º10’W, 21–28.ii.1985, P.J. & P.M. Spangler et al. . leg. ( USNM); 1 ♀, Aragua, Rancho Grande, 1100m, 19.xi.1952, F. Fernandez Yepez leg. ( MIZA); 1 ♀, Barinas, 15 Km SW. of Barinitas, 25.ii.1969, Duckworth & Dietz leg. ( USNM).

Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas, Mato Grosso and Pará), Colombia (department of Valle del Cauca), Ecuador (regions of Napo and Pichincha), Guyana, Peru (department of Junín), Suriname (district of Marowijne) and Venezuela (states of Amazonas, Aragua and Barinas).

Diagnosis. Ormiophasia costalimai can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with yellow pruinosity ( Figs 5C , 7C ); body brownish-yellow ( Figs 9C , 11C , 13C ); wing hyaline ( Fig. 19G ); and apex of male cerci about 1/3 length of cerci ( Fig. 38C ), rounded in posterior view and 1/3 width of cerci, abruptly constricted. Ormiophasia costalimai is very similar to O. inflata externally, although the male cerci and surstylus are very different. Usually, O. inflata ( Fig. 9E , 11E , 13E ) is stouter than O. costalimai . Additionally, the female head of O. costalimai is usually elliptic in frontal view ( Fig. 7C ), rather than subtrapezoidal ( Fig. 7E ).

Redescription of male. Body length 7.07–8.66 mm (mean = 7.54 mm); wing length 6.98–8.52 mm (7.39 mm) (n = 6).

Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose ( Fig. 5C ). Frontal vitta and ocellar triangle brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownishyellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose ( Figs 9C , 11C ). Scutum brownish-yellow to light brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe, lateral surface of thorax, scutellum and subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing hyaline. Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen entirely brownish-yellow with silver pruinosity.

Head ( Figs 5C , 19A, C ). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.80. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 1–2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere twice length of pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.6 times wider than parafacial.

Thorax. Basisternum 0.52 times as high as wide ( Fig. 19E ); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.76 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2–3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1–2 weak setae, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7–8 setae. Meral setae 6–9. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2–3 dorsal and 2–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10–11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 14–17 setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13–15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2–3 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.

Terminalia ( Fig. 38C ). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes weakly pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, round- ed arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 1/3 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, thick and rounded in lateral view; apex 1/3 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view.

Description of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.10–8.52 mm (mean = 7.32 mm); wing length 6.51–9.09 mm (mean = 7.80 mm) (n = 10). Head ( Figs 7C , 19B, D ). Frontal vitta subequal in width to frontoorbital plate. Frontal setae 8–9, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. Thorax. Basisternum 0.48 times as high as wide ( Fig. 19F ); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular, with broad base. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.76 times as high as wide. Wing 2.8 times longer than wide.

Remarks. The females were associated with the males by being from the same locality. The female of O. costalimai is described for the first time in the present study. In his key, Tavares made a confusion when assigning diagnostic characters to O. costalimai and O. travassosi (interpreted in the present revision as a junior synonym of O. inflata ) ( Tavares 1964: 39). Tavares (1964) assigned to O. costalimai surstylus (“forcipes inferiores”) with higher density of setae, mentioning that O. travassosi lacked this character. However, the drawings of the male terminalia of both species show exactly the opposite. Ormiophasia inflata ( Fig. 39B ) has a stouter and more setose surstylus than O. costalimai ( Fig. 38C ). This can also be verified in the male terminalia, mounted on slides, of paratypes of both species. Ormiophasia costalimai seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Ormiophasia spp., male heads in frontal view. A. Ormiophasia busckii Townsend (specimen from Panama, Barro Colorado Island, USNM). B. Ormiophasia causeyi Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). C. Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). D. Ormiophasia cruzi Tavares (specimen from Brazil, São Paulo, MZSP). E. Ormiophasia inflata (Séguy) (specimen from Venezuela, Amazonas, MIZA). F. Ormiophasia lanei Tavares (specimen from Brazil, São Paulo, MZSP). G. Ormiophasia morardi (Séguy) (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). H. Ormiophasia obscura (Séguy) (holotype, MNHN). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Ormiophasia spp., female heads in frontal view. A. Ormiophasia busckii Townsend (specimen from Panama, Barro Colorado Island, USNM). B. Ormiophasia causeyi Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). C. Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). D. Ormiophasia cruzi Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, CEIOC). E. Ormiophasia inflata (Séguy) (specimen from Brazil, Pará, MPEG). F. Ormiophasia lanei Tavares (specimen from Brazil, São Paulo, MZSP). G. Ormiophasia morardi (Séguy) (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). H. Ormiophasia guimaraesi sp. nov. (paratype from Costa Rica, Limón, MNCR). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 9. Ormiophasia spp., male habitus in dorsal view. A. Ormiophasia busckii Townsend (specimen from Panama, Barro Colorado Island, USNM). B. Ormiophasia causeyi Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). C. Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). D. Ormiophasia cruzi Tavares (specimen from Brazil, São Paulo, MZSP). E. Ormiophasia inflata (Séguy) (specimen from Venezuela, Amazonas, MIZA). F. Ormiophasia lanei Tavares (specimen from Brazil, São Paulo, MZSP). G. Ormiophasia morardi (Séguy) (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). H. Ormiophasia obscura (holotype, MNHN). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 11. Ormiophasia spp., male habitus in lateral view. A. Ormiophasia busckii Townsend (specimen from Panama, Barro Colorado Island, USNM). B. Ormiophasia causeyi Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). C. Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). D. Ormiophasia cruzi Tavares (specimen from Brazil, São Paulo, MZSP). E. Ormiophasia inflata (Séguy) (specimen from Venezuela, Amazonas, MIZA). F. Ormiophasia lanei Tavares (specimen from Brazil, São Paulo, MZSP). G. Ormiophasia morardi (Séguy) (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). H. Ormiophasia obscura (Séguy) (holotype, MNHN). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 13. Ormiophasia spp., female habitus in dorsal view. A. Ormiophasia busckii Townsend (specimen from Panama, Barro Colorado Island, USNM). B. Ormiophasia causeyi Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). C. Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). D. Ormiophasia cruzi Tavares (specimen from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, CEIOC). E. Ormiophasia inflata (Séguy) (specimen from Brazil, Pará, MPEG). F. Ormiophasia lanei Tavares (specimen from Brazil, São Paulo, MZSP). G. Ormiophasia morardi (Séguy) (specimen from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). H. Ormiophasia guimaraesi sp. nov. (paratype from Costa Rica, Limón, MNCR). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 19. Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares (specimens from Brazil, Amazonas, INPA). A. Male head, lateral view. B. Female head, lateral view. C. Male head, dorsal view. D. Female head, dorsal view. E. Male prothorax. F. Female prothorax. G. Male right wing, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 20. Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares, holotype ♂ (CEIOC). A. Lateral habitus. B. Head, frontal view. C. Left wing, ventral view. D. Head, lateral view. E. Labels. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 38. Male terminalia of Ormiophasia spp. From left to right: epandrium, surstyli and cerci in posterior view; epandrium, surstylus and cerci in lateral view; hypandrium, aedeagus, phallapodeme, pregonite and postgonite in lateral view. A. Ormiophasia busckii Townsend. B. Ormiophasia causeyi Tavares. C. Ormiophasia costalimai Tavares. Scale bars: 0.5 mm

FIGURE 39. Male terminalia of Ormiophasia spp. From left to right: epandrium, surstyli and cerci in posterior view; epandrium, surstylus and cerci in lateral view; hypandrium, aedeagus, phallapodeme, pregonite and postgonite in lateral view. A. Ormiophasia cruzi Tavares. B. Ormiophasia inflata (Séguy). C. Ormiophasia lanei Tavares. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.