Arctosa littoralis ( Hentz, 1844 )

Paredes-Munguía, Williams, Brescovit, Antonio D. & Teixeira, Renato A., 2024, Revision of Neotropical wolf spider genus Arctosa C. L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae: Lycosidae), with description of seven new species, Zootaxa 5414 (1), pp. 1-83 : 28

Arctosa littoralis ( Hentz, 1844)

Fig. 65

Lycosa littoralis Hentz, 1844: 388 , pl. 17, fig. 9. (Female holotype from North Carolina, USA, probably deposited at BMNH, following Saunier (1980), lost according to Dondale & Redner 1983a).

Lycosa maritima Hentz, 1844: 389 , pl. 17, fig. 10. Females syntypes from “ South Carolina, Massachusetts and probably all the Atlantic coast”, USA, probably deposited at BSNH, lost according to Dondale & Redner 1983a). Synonymized by Montgomery 1902.

Lycosa cinerea : Emerton 1885: 488, pl. 47, fig. 3; Emerton 1902: 73, figs 177–178; Montgomery 1902: 555, pl. 29, figs 17–18; Chamberlin 1908: 281, pl. 20, fig. 6. All misidentified.

Arctosa trifida F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902: 330 , pl. 31, figs 24–25. Male holotype from Teapa, Mexico, female paratypes from Santa Ana and Guatemala City, Guatemala, BMNH, not examined). Gertsch & Wallace 1935: 5. Synonymized by Dondale & Redner 1983a.

Trochosa cinerea : F.O. Pickard-Cambridge 1902: 331, pl. 31, figs 28–29; Montgomery 1904: 305, pl. 20, fig. 43.

Arctosa littoralis : Chamberlin 1924: 673; Gertsch 1934: 7; Kaston 1948: 320, figs 1050, 1070–1071; Roth & Brown 1976: 61, figs 3, 6, 8; Dondale & Redner 1983a: 24, figs 65–74; Dondale & Redner 1990: 294, figs 479–487; Paquin & Dupérré 2003: 159, figs 1751–1753; Jiménez, Chamé-Vasquez & Palacios-Cardiel 2022: 198, figs 9–10.

Arctosa panamana Petrunkevitch, 1925: 179 , fig. 97. Female holotype from Remedios, Panama, 1924, J.M. Valentine leg., PMNH, not examined. Synonymized by Dondale & Redner 1983a.

Arkalosula panamana : Roewer 1955: 232.

Remarks. Specimens of Arctosa littoralis dig burrows about 25 cm deep in suitable conditions ( Gertsch 1934). It was the first Neotropical species described from sandy and humid habitats. The similarities between A. littoralis and Arctosa serii led to several misidentifications, and the former has been confused with Arctosa cinerea as well. The correction of these identification errors ( Chamberlin 1924) lead to the realization that the A. littoralis records from eastern United States were in fact A. cinerea , and that A. littoralis is distributed north-westward from the USA to Central America ( Petrunkevitch 1925; Dondale & Redner 1990).

Emended diagnosis. Females of A. littoralis are distinguished from other neotropical species by having anchorshaped median and transverse septa of the epigyne ( Roth & Brown 1976: fig. 6). Males have the posterior arm of the median apophysis spatulate ( Roth & Brown 1976, fig. 3).

Description. See Dondale & Redner (1983a: 294‒296).

Distribution. Nearctic and Neotropical regions, in the neotropics from western Mexico to Panama. Updated Neotropical records obtained from species previously synonymized ( Dondale & Redner 1983a; Jiménez et al. 2022; Petrunkevitch 1925) ( Fig. 65 ).

Figures

FIGURE 65. Geographic distribution records of Arctosa denticulata (blue asterisc), Arctosa littoralis (yellow square), Arctosa serii (light blue star), Trochosa fusca comb. nov. (green dot).