Guyruita isae, Fukushima & Bertani, 2018

Fukushima, Caroline Sayuri & Bertani, Rogério, 2018, Two new species of Guyruita Guadanucci et al., 2007 (Araneae, Theraphosidae) from Brazil, Zootaxa 4370 (4), pp. 395-408 : 397-403

Guyruita isae n. sp.

( Figs 1−2 , 7 , 21−27 , 35 , 39 )

Diagnosis. Males resemble those of G. cerrado by having a conspicuous large black spot on the dorsal abdomen. They can be distinguished from those of G. cerrado by the irregular shape of this spot ( Fig. 7 ), by having a long embolus more than 3 times the tegulum length in retrolateral view ( Fig. 22 ), slightly ventro-retrolateral tibial apophysis ( Fig. 23 ), and metatarsus I touching apex of prolateral, shorter lobe of tibial apophysis when folded. Females can be distinguished from other species by the irregular shape of the abdominal spot ( Fig. 2 ).

Etymology. The specific epithet is a matronym in honor of Isa Moreira, mother of one of the authors, Caroline Fukushima, whom she always has supported.

Material examined. Brazil: Rio Grande do Norte: Male holotype, Martins , (6o06’S, 37o55’W), 626m asl, C. S. Fukushima, 23 October 2014, ref. C506 ( MNRJ 6983 ) ; female paratype, same locality, in refuge with silk in ravine; matured in captivity, C. S. Fukushima, 22 October 2014, ref. C460 ( MNRJ 6984 ) .

Additional material. Brazil: Rio Grande do Norte, A. P. L. Giupponi, 22 October 2014, Martins (6o06’S, 37o55’W): 1 imm., in refuge with silk in ravine, day, ref. A76 ( MNRJ 6986 ) ; 1 male, same data but at night, ref. A123, matured in captivity ( MNRJ 6987 ) ; 1 imm., at night, ref. A124 (MNRJ 6988); 1 imm. male, at night, ref. A125 (MNRJ 6989); 1 imm., at night, ref. A126 (MNRJ 6990); 1 imm. male, A. P. L. Giupponi, 23 October 2014, in refuge with silk in ravine at night, ref. A181 (MNRJ 6991); 1 female, (6o05’44”S, 37o55’10”W), 692m asl, C. S. Fukushima, 18 March 2014, day, ref. C58 (MNRJ 6985); 1 male, (6o03’S, 37o56’W), 703m asl, A. P. L. Giupponi, 25 October 2014, in refuge under tree bark in day, ref. A235 (MNRJ 6992); Baía Formosa (6o22’S, 35o01’W): 1 female, W. Pessoa, 18 April 2014, over bush leaf in trail, in day, ref. LXIII ( MNRJ 6993 ) .

Male. MNRJ 6983. Carapace: 6.80 long, 5.68 wide. Chelicera: 1.78 long. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 6.58, 4.21, 5.66, 4.18, 3.74, 24.37, II: 5.41, 3.11, 3.98, 3.58, 3.06, 19.14. III: 4.81, 2.45, 3.14, 3.85, 2.97, 17.22. IV: 6.80, 3.37, 5.41, 5.76, 3.27, 24.61. Palp: 4.13, 2.47, 3.22,, 1.64, 11.46. Midwidths: femora I–IV= 1.07, 1.13, 1.23, 1.09, palp= 0.87; patellae I–IV= 1.10, 1.06, 0.95, 1.10, palp= 0.93; tibiae I–IV= 0.98, 0.70, 0.88, 0.84, palp= 0.98; metatarsi I–IV= 0.76, 0.60, 0.64, 0.63; tarsi I–IV= 0.72, 0.58, 0.62, 0.53, palp= 0.92. Abdomen: 7.25 long, 4.29 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 0.99 long, 0.29 wide, 0.42 apart; PLS, 1.58 basal, 0.82 middle, 1.62 distal; midwidths 0.58, 0.47, 0.38, respectively.

Carapace: 1.19 times longer than wide; cephalic region not raised, thoracic striae inconspicuous. Fovea: Straight, deep, 0.56 wide. Clypeus 0.21. Eyes: Eye tubercle 0.65 high, 0.61 long, 1.16 wide. Anterior row slightly procurved. Posterior row straight. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.33, ALE 0.35, PME 0.17, PLE 0.28, AME– AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.08, AME–PME 0.04, ALE–ALE 0.69, ALE–PME 0.20, PME–PME 0.55, PME–PLE 0.02, PLE–PLE 0.88, ALE–PLE 0.12, AME–PLE 0.19. Maxilla: 1.69 longer than wide. Cuspules: ca. 128 over ventral inner heel. Labium: 0.89 long, 1.16 wide, with ca. 173 cuspules on anterior half, spaced by one diameter of each other. Labio-sternal groove large, shallow, flattened. Sigilla not evident. Chelicerae: Basal segment with 8 teeth and some small teeth on promargin. Sternum: 3.26 long, 2.82 wide. Sigilla: three pairs, anterior and median rounded, one diameter from margin; posterior fusiform, less than one diameter from margin. Legs: Formula: IV=I, II, III. Leg IV same length of leg I. Clavate trichobothria: distal 3/4 of tarsi I–IV. Scopula: Tarsi I–IV fully scopulate, III divided by narrow band of setae, IV divided by wide band of setae. Metatarsi I–II scopulate for distal 2/3; III–IV scopulate for distal 1/2; III–IV divided by setae. ITC absent. Spines: Leg I: Fe p0-0-2; Pa 0; Ti v0-01ap; Me v0-0-1ap; Leg II: Fe p0-0-1; Pa 0; Ti v0-2-3ap, p0-1-0; Me v1 -0-1ap; Leg III Fe p1-0-1, r0-1-2; Pa p1, r1; Ti v1-2 -3ap, p0-1-0, r1-0-1; Me v2 -0-3ap, p1-1-1, r0-1-1; Leg IV Fe r0-0-1, Pa r1; Ti v1-2 -2ap, r1-0-1; Me v2-1 -3ap, p1-1-1, r1-0-1; Palp: Fe p0-0-3, Pa 0, Ti v0-0-1. Palp ( Figs 21−22 ): globous bulb with small subtegulum. Embolus: long, not flattened, lacking keels, 1.68 long in retrolateral view, ca. 3.0 times tegulum length. Thin distal width, tapering distally; basal, middle and distal width 0.44, 0.11, 0.01, respectively. Tegulum: 0.54 long, 0.75 high in retrolateral view. Cymbium rectangular with subequal lobes, lacking well developed process on retrolateral lobe. Tibial apophysis ( Figs 23−25 ): two slightly curved lobes on prolateral leg I, with well-developed base, slightly ventro-retrolaterally positioned. Prolateral lobe shorter, with spine of same size as lobe on retrolateral face. Retrolateral lobe longer, with small spine on apex of dorsal face. Metatarsus I straight, touches apex of prolateral, shorter lobe of tibial apophysis when folded.

Color ( Figs 1 , 7 ): carapace brown with golden setae. Coxae, labium, sternum, maxillae and ventral femora brown. Legs and palps with short, dark brown setae with golden sheen and long, light brown setae. Leg rings on distal femora, tibiae and metatarsi absent. Abdomen dorsum with long, light brown setae uniformly distributed, and short black setae forming irregular longitudinal spot on central area. Abdomen venter light brown.

Female. MNRJ 6984. Carapace: 7.81 long, 6.32 wide. Chelicera: 3.64 long. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 5.84, 3.75, 4.07, 3.39, 2.78, 19.83. II: 4.84, 3.26, 3.48, 3.01, 2.70, 17.29. III: 4.35, 2.77, 2.84, 3.69, 2.80, 16.45. IV: 6.18, 3.26, 4.85, 5.03, 2.98, 22.30. Palp: 4.19, 2.68, 2.64, –, 3.01 12.52. Midwidths: femora I–IV= 1.16, 1.21, 1.42, 1.05, palp= 1.18; patellae I–IV= 1.28, 1.21, 1.30, 1.26, palp= 1.21; tibiae I–IV= 1.37, 1.17, 0.89, 1.12, palp= 1.19; metatarsi I–IV= 1.08, 1.00, 0.81, 0.81; tarsi I–IV= 0.97, 0.88, 0.80, 0.77, palp= 1.07. Abdomen: 9.99 long, 6.16 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 0.86 long, 0.51 wide, 0.48 apart; PLS, 1.78 basal, 1.22 middle, 1.79 distal; midwidths 1.02, 0.91, 0.69, respectively.

Carapace: 1.24 longer than wide; cephalic region slightly raised, thoracic striae inconspicuous. Fovea: Deep, straight, 0.91 wide. Clypeus 0.21. Eyes: Tubercle 0.65 high, 0.84 long, 1.40 wide. Anterior row slightly procurved. Posterior row slightly recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.31, ALE 0.40, PME 0.18, PLE 0.33, AME– AME 0.15, AME–ALE 0.12, AME–PME 0.09, ALE–ALE 0.89, ALE–PME 0.29, PME–PME 0.71, PME–PLE 0.05, PLE–PLE 1.05, ALE–PLE 0.13, AME–PLE 0.32. Maxilla 1.41 longer than wide. Cuspules: ca. 141 over ventral inner heel. Labium: 1.11 long, 1.71 wide, with ca. 184 cuspules on anterior half, spaced one diameter apart. Labio-sternal groove shallow, flattened, sigilla not evident. Chelicerae: Basal segment with 8 teeth and some small teeth on promargin. Sternum: 3.73 long, 3.45 wide. Sigilla: three pairs, anterior not evident; rounded median, less than one diameter from margin; fusiform posterior, less than one diameter from margin. Legs: Formula: IV, I, II, III. Leg IV 1.12 times longer than leg I. Clavate trichobothria: distal 1/3 of tarsi I–IV. Scopula: Tarsi I–IV fully scopulate, III divided by narrow band of setae, IV divided by a wide band of setae. Metatarsi I–II scopulate for distal 2/3; III–IV for distal 1/ 2. IV divided by wide band of setae. ITC absent. Spines: Leg I: Fe p-0-0-1; Pa 0; Ti v0-0-2ap; Me v1 -0-1ap; Leg II: Fe p0-0-1; Pa 0; Ti v0-0-2ap, p 0-1-0; Me v1 -0-1ap; Leg III Fe p-0-0-1, r0-0-1; Pa p1; ti v0-0-2, p0-1-0, r0-1-1; Me v2 -0-3ap, p1-1-1, r0-1-1; Leg IV Fe 0; Pa 0; Ti v0-0-3ap, p0-0-1, r1-0-2(1ap); Me v2-1 -4(3ap), p0-1-1, r1-0-1; Palp: Fe p0-0-1; Pa 0; Ti v0-1-3(2ap). Spermathecae ( Fig. 26 ): Two completely separated, triangular spermathecae with multilobular edge, 4 well-chitinized lobules in left spermatheca, 3 lobules in right spermatheca.

Color pattern ( Fig. 2 ): Carapace dark brown with some golden setae. Carapace border with long, light brown setae. Coxae, labium, sternum, maxillae and ventral femora brown. Legs and palps with short, dark brown body setae and long light brown setae. Leg rings on distal femora, tibiae and metatarsi absent. Abdomen dorsum with long, light brown setae uniformly distributed, and short, black body setae forming irregular longitudinal spot on central area. Abdomen venter light brown.

Distribution: Brazil, state of Rio Grande do Norte, in remnant of Brazilian Atlantic rainforest surrounded by Caatinga areas ( Fig. 39 ). One female was collected in Baía Formosa, a large coastal patch of Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, with an abdominal pattern slightly different from specimens collected in Martins. Differences among females of these species can be found in the pattern; their and general morphology are very similar. Thus, this female may not be conspecific. As there is only one female, we decided to consider the Baía Formosa record as dubious.

Color pattern ontogeny: Adults have the same coloration pattern of immatures.

Natural History: Specimens were found in Martins, a “brejo de altitude” area in northeastern Brazil, i.e., a humid forest area surrounded by arid Caatinga (Pereira Filho & Montingelli 2011). This region mostly consists of mountains and hillsides higher than 500m ( Ruiz-Esparza 2009), and receives more than 1,200mm of orographic rains (Prado 2003 in Ruiz-Esparza 2009). The specimens were found in refuges in ravines or on the ground, or under tree barks.

Figures

FIGURE 39.Map showing Guyruita spp. records.? = dubious record.

FIGURES 1-6. Guyruita spp. habitus. 1-2 Guyruita isae n. sp., from Martins, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. 1. Male (MNRJ 6992). 2. Female (MNRJ 6985). 3. Guyruita giupponii n. sp., from Estação Ecológica de Sooretama, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, male. 4. Guyruita atlantica, from Murici, state of Alagoas, Brazil, male. 5-6 Guyruita cerrado. 5. male from Catalão, state of Goiás, Brazil.6. Female from Peixe,state of Tocantins, Brazil.Photos:R. Bertani.

FIGURES7-10.Guyruita spp.abdomen,preserved males.7. Guyruitaisae n. sp., holotype(MNRJ 6983) 8. Guyruitacerrado (MNRJ 6971) 9. Guyruita giupponiin.sp.,holotype (MNRJ 6969).10. Guyruitaatlantica (MNRJ 6982).Scale = 1 mm.Arrow = dark stripe.

FIGURES 21-25. Guyruita isae n. sp., male holotype (MNRJ 6983). 21-22 palpal bulb, left side. 21. prolateral 22. retrolateral. 23-25. Tibial apophysis on leg I, left side. 23. ventral 24. prolateral 25. retrolateral. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 26-29. Guyruita spp., spermatheca. 26. Guyruita isae n. sp., paratype (MNRJ 6984). 27. Guyruita isae n. sp. (MNRJ 6985). 28. G. atlantica (MNRJ 6980). 29. G.cerrado. Scale bar = 1mm.

FIGURES35-38. Guyruita spp., palpal bulb, dorsal view, left side. 35. G.isae n.sp., holotype (MNRJ 6983).36. G.giupponii n. sp., holotype (MNRJ 6969). 37. G.atlantica (MNRJ 6982).38. G. cerrado (MNRJ 6971). Scale bar = 1 mm.