Holophris Mocsáry, 1890

Rosa, Paolo, Wei, Na-Sen, Notton, David & Xu, Zai-Fu, 2016, Revision of the Oriental genus Holophris Mocsáry, 1890 and description of the genus Leptopareia Rosa & Xu, gen. nov. (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae), Zootaxa 4083 (2) : 203-205

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4083.2.2
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1256955B-C451-4010-8F73-804450806A3B
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6068538
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E7878D-8C56-FF9A-A1C8-FA1F025587A5
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Holophris Mocsáry, 1890
status

Treatment

Genus Holophris Mocsáry, 1890

( Figs 1B View FIGURE 1 , 2B View FIGURE 2 , 3B View FIGURE 3 , 4A View FIGURE 4 – 6F View FIGURE 6 )

Holophris Mocsáry, 1890: 51 (as subgenus of Elampus Spinola, 1806 ). Type species: Ellampus (Holophris) marginellus Mocsáry, 1890 , by original designation.

Holophris Mocsáry : Ashmead 1902: 229; Kimsey & Bohart 1991: 222 (part.); Strumia 1995: 53; Rosa 2005: 8; Madl & Rosa 2012: 103 View Cited Treatment (part.).

Omalus ( Holophris ) Panzer, 1801: Linsenmaier 1959: 14 (part.).

Diagnosis. The genus Holophris Mocsáry is closely related to Omalus Panzer, Philoctetes Abeille de Perrin , Pseudomalus Ashmead , and Leptopareia gen. nov. It can be separated from the latter four genera by the transpleural carina extending below propodeal angle ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ) (extending to apex of propodeal angle in other four genera); head, in frontal view, with distinct convex upper profile ( Figs 4B View FIGURE 4 , 5B View FIGURE 5 , 6B View FIGURE 6 ) (elliptical in Leptopareia , Figs 7B View FIGURE 7 , 8B View FIGURE 8 , 9B View FIGURE 9 , 10B View FIGURE 10 , 11B View FIGURE 11 ); in lateral view, with distinct subgenal area ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ) (indistinct in Leptopareia , Fig.3A View FIGURE 3 ); double omaulus triangularly shaped ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ) (subparallel in Leptopareia , Fig. 1C View FIGURE 1 ). Moreover, it can be separated from Philoctetes and Pseudomalus by mesoscutum impunctate ( Figs 4D View FIGURE 4 , 5D View FIGURE 5 , 6D View FIGURE 6 ) (punctate in Philoctetes and Pseudomalus ), and MS bisected by elongated genal carina ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ) (not bisected in Philoctetes ). It can be separated from Leptopareia gen. nov. also by elongate MS (1.0–1.5 MOD) (0.2–0.5 MOD in Leptopareia ), double omaulus triangularly shaped ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ) (subparallel in Leptopareia ( Fig. 1C View FIGURE 1 )), and different wing venation ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ).

Redescription. Mandible tridentate; scapal basin deep and smooth; face glabrous; head with upper profile distinctly convex in frontal view ( Figs 4B View FIGURE 4 , 5B View FIGURE 5 , 6B View FIGURE 6 ); MS = 1.0–1.5 MOD and horizontally bisected by elongated genal carina; gena and subgena carinate ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ); subgenal area swollen ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ); temples <1 MOD ( Figs 4A View FIGURE 4 , 5A View FIGURE 5 , 6A View FIGURE 6 ); occipital area, pronotum and mesoscutum medially impunctate ( Figs 4C View FIGURE 4 , 5C View FIGURE 5 , 6C View FIGURE 6 ); pronotum laterally depressed; notauli indistinct ( Figs 4D View FIGURE 4 , 5D View FIGURE 5 , 6D View FIGURE 6 ); mesoscutellum with two to four anterior foveae ( Figs 4D View FIGURE 4 , 5D View FIGURE 5 , 6D View FIGURE 6 ); metanotum usually elongated in dorsal view, and rounded in lateral view; mesopleuron subquadrate with double carinate omaulus forming an acute angle ( Figs 1B View FIGURE 1 , 4A View FIGURE 4 , 5A View FIGURE 5 , 6A View FIGURE 6 ); TPC extending below propodeal angle ( Fig. 1B View FIGURE 1 ); PA subparallel and not sharply developed, almost indistinct; tarsal claw with three to four teeth; fore wing with shortened C, Sc+R and M, and M considerably arched, pterostigma positioned at less than half length of anterior margin, rarely at half length ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ); apex of T3 with wide semitransparent rim (usually ± 1 MOD), without distinct median notch ( Figs 4F View FIGURE 4 , 5F View FIGURE 5 , 6F View FIGURE 6 ).

Biology. Nothing is known about their hosts. Specimens are occasionally collected on leaves, in yellow pantraps and MT in forested areas.

Distribution. Holophris Mocsáry is mainly a tropical genus distributed in Afrotropical, Australian, Neotropical, and Oriental Regions.

Species included. At present, there are seven valid species of Holophris in the Old World; of which three are from Oriental: H. marginella ( Mocsáry, 1890) , H. taiwana ( Tsuneki, 1970) , and H. thailandica sp. nov.; three are from Afrotropical: H. coriacea ( Dahlbom, 1850) , H. mochiana Strumia, 1995 , and H. striata ( Edney, 1940) ; and one from Australian Region: H. insperata ( Mocsáry, 1914) .

Remarks. The gender of the genus name Holophris (resulted from the Greek words ὄλως [=entirely] and ὀφρύς [=margin]) is feminine and not masculine as supposed by previous authors.