Curvularia chiangmaiensis Y. Marín, Senwanna & Crous

Erandi Yasanthika, W. A., Tennakoon, Danushka S., Gomes De Farias, Antonio R., Thilini Chethana, K. W., Bhat, D. Jayarama & Wanasinghe, Dhanushka N., 2023, Isolation and characterization of novel Dothideomycetes species from forest soils in Chiang Rai and Krabi (Thailand): additions to the diversity of Curvularia and Verruconis, Phytotaxa 609 (1), pp. 17-44 : 32-33

Curvularia chiangmaiensis Y. Marín, Senwanna & Crous , Mycosphere 8: 1565 (2017)

Index Fungorum number: IF822082, Faces of Fungi number: FoF 12887, FIGURE 4 .

Asexual morph: Conidiophores 70–180 × 3.5–4 μm (x = 123 × 3.8 μm, n = 20), single, straight or flexuous, septate, sometimes geniculate in the upper part, micronematous to macronematous, mononematous, pale brown to brown, paler towards apex. Conidiogenous cells polytretic, proliferating sympodially, cylindrical to sub-cylindrical, hyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled, terminal, or intercalary. Conidia 14–28 × 9–13 (x = 21 × 11 μm, n = 25) μm, ellipsoidal to obovoid, sometimes curved, slightly verruculose, hyaline to pale brown, (2–)3-distoseptate, hila slightly conspicuous, 1.5–2.5 μm (x = 2). Sexual morph: Undetermined.

Culture characteristics:— Colonies on PDA at 25 ℃, flat, irregular margin, cottony, yellowish brown to black surface, 3.5 cm diam. after 7 days, reverse black center, brownish black at margin. Hyphae 1.5–4 μm (x = 3 μm) wide, often branched, rarely guttulate, smooth to rough-walled, sometimes geniculate, hyaline when immature, and later become pale brown (melanized) to brown, septate. Chlamydospores guttulated, initially hyaline and becoming pale brown to brown (melanized) when mature.

Known hosts and substrates:— Zea mays , Saccharum officinarum , and on soil ( Marin-Felix et al. 2017b, Raza et al. 2019, this study)

Known distribution:— China and Thailand ( Marin-Felix et al. 2017b, Raza et al. 2019, this study).

Material examined:— Thailand, Krabi, 8°4’11 “N 98°53’25” E, 181m, on forest soil, 28 October 2019, W. A. E . Yasanthika ( MFLU 22-0252 ); living culture, MFLUCC 22-0084

Notes— Curvularia chiangmaiensis (CPC 28829) is initially isolated from Zea mays from Chiang Mai, Thailand ( Marin-Felix et al. 2017b). In this study, we isolated C. chiangmaiensis (MFLUCC 22-0084) from forest soils in Thailand. Our collection (MFLUCC 22-0084) has similar morphological characteristics to the type of C. chiangmaiensis (CPC 28829) by having cylindrical to sub-cylindrical conidiogenous cells and curved, ellipsoidal to obovoid (2–)3-distoseptate conidia ( Marin-Felix et al. 2017b). The conidial length-width ratio in both C. chiangmaiensis (CPC 28829) and our collection (MFLUCC 22-0084) are similar (1.9) ( Marin-Felix et al. 2017b). However, our collection has comparatively shorter conidiophores (76–177 μm vs 2000 μm) ( Marin-Felix et al. 2017b). These intra-species morphological variations can result from host specialization ( Francisco et al. 2019). According to the multigene phylogenetic results herein, our collection (MFLUCC 22-0084) grouped with C. chiangmaiensis strains (CPC28829, LC12044, LC12030) with 94% ML, 1.00 BYPP bootstrap support. Therefore, based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence, we introduce our collection (MFLUCC 22-0084) as a new geographical record of C. chiangmaiensis from Thailand. Interestingly, this is the first record of this species from the soil.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Curvularia chiangmaiensis (MFLU22-0252, new record) a. Colony from above (on PDA). b. Colony from below (on PDA). c. Sporulated colony with conidial attachments on the mycelium. d. Immature hyphae e. Mature melanized hyphae. f. Hyaline chlamydospores. g. Melanized chlamydospores h. Macronematous conidiogenesis on the conidiophore. i–m. Conidiogenesis. n–s. Conidia. Scale bars: g = 25 μm, d–f, h–l = 20 μm, m–s= 10 μm