Saccharodite

Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, Zootaxa 3071, pp. 1-307 : 177-179

Key to the species of Saccharodite from Borneo (males)

1. Forewings with typical venation for Saccharodite , that is Ms1 branched and ventral branch (Ms1b) fused at base and near end with Cu1, in middle portion both veins well separated leaving a characteristic triangular cell (e.g. Fig. 123b)............ 11

- Forewings with atypical venation, that is Ms1b and Cu1 may be separated at base (e.g. Fig. 292f) or near apices (e.g. Fig. 287f), or Ms1 appears unbranched (venation similar to Fig. 323f)............................................... 2

2. Mesonotum red, orange-red, or orange..................................................................... 3

- Mesonotum light brown or stramineous.................................................................... 8

3. Ms1 of forewings appears unbranched......................... Sa. coccinea (Matsumura) ( Sa. coccinea group), p. 121

- Forewings with Ms1 branched........................................................................... 4

4. Forewings with bases of Ms1b and Cu1 not merging, connected by a crossvein which is part of the basal median cell (e.g. Fig. 292f)............................................................................................... 5

- Forewings with bases of Ms1b and Cu1 merged (e.g. Fig. 287f)................................................. 6

5. Frons with a conspicuous orange mark; hind femora red............ Sa. propinqua sp. nov. ( Sa. matsumurae group), p. 144

- Frons stramineous; hind femora with few red marks................ Sa. perlucida sp. nov. ( Sa. matsumurae group), p. 144

6. Forewings infuscated, interrupted by clear areas.......................... Sa. rufa sp. nov. ( Sa. lugubris group), p. 139

- Forewings not or only at base infuscated................................................................... 7

7. Head nearly all orange-red...................................... Sa. ignea sp. nov. ( Sa. matsumurae group), p. 142

- Head stramineous except for orange-red marks on frons and facial carinae Sa. aurora sp. nov. ( Sa. matsumurae group), p. 141

8. Forewings more than 3.5 mm long........................................................................ 9

- Forewings less than 3 mm long.......................................... Sa. abnormis sp. nov. (ungrouped), p. 163

9. Forewings nearly all dark brown.................................... Sa. lugubris sp. nov. ( Sa. lugubris group), p. 139

- Forewings colourless or with some infuscation near base..................................................... 10

10. Apical part of male aedeagus with two basal and one apical, pointed processes ( Figs. 286m, o)................................................................................... Sa. aculeata sp. nov. ( Sa. matsumurae group), p. 141

- Apical part of male aedeagus without pointed processes ( Fig. 294f)...... Sa. timida sp. nov. ( Sa. matsumurae group), p. 145

11. Forewings with basal median cell about as wide as basal cell between Sc+R and M....................................................................................... Sa. basipunctulata (Melichar) ( Sa. guamana group), p. 128

- Forewings with basal median cell about twice as wide as basal cell between Sc+R and M............................ 12

12. Part or all of scutellum dark red......................................................................... 13

- Scutellum stramineous, but rest of mesonotum may be red or with red marks..................................... 14

13. Frons with conspicuous red marks.................................. Sa. cruenta sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 151

- Frons stramineous................................................. Sa. basicolorata Zelazny (ungrouped), p. 164

14. Mesonotum, except scutellum, orange-red or with a large, usually rhomboid, red mark............................. 15

- Mesonotum stramineous, light brown, or light orange-brown, and may have a narrow orange or red stripe across base of scutellum................................................................................................ 32

15. At or near base of apical part of male aedeagus (most caudal part of aedeagus) 1 or 2 pointed processes which can be short (e.g. Figs. 297m or 305m).................................................................................. 16

- No pointed process(es) at or near base of apical part of male aedeagus (e.g. Fig. 301m), but in one species one broad and flat, slightly pointed process in this position ( Fig. 308m)......................................................... 26

16. Two pointed processes at or near base of apical part of male aedeagus which can be short.......................... 17

- Only one pointed processes at or near base of apical part of male aedeagus which can be short....................... 21

17. Basal processes on apical part of male aedeagus short (e.g. Fig. 315n).......................................... 18

- Basal processes on apical part of male aedeagus large ( Fig. 297m)............. Sa. bos sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 149

18. Right process near base of apical part of male aedeagus forked ( Fig. 300q).. Sa. cervetta sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 150 - Right process on base of apical part of male aedeagus not forked (e.g. Fig. 306n).................................. 19

19. Tip of male aedeagus (directed forward) with 3 pointed processes ( Fig. 315m) Sa. virgula sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 159

- Male aedeagus ending in 2 or 3 lobes, one of them might bear a small terminal tooth (e.g. Fig. 306m).................. 20

20. Male aedeagus ending in 3 broad lobes, the middle one with a small apical tooth ( Fig. 306m)........................................................................................ Sa. lucifera sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 154

- Male aedeagus ending in 2 lobes, the left one bearing numerous small teeth...................................................................................................... Sa. spinosa Zelazny ( Sa. plurima group), p. 158

21. Apical part of male aedeagus ending in a prominent, hook-like process directed ventrad ( Figs. 296m, n)................................................................................. Sa. aquila sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 148

- Apical part of male aedeagus not ending in a pointed process, or terminal pointed processes not hook-like and not directed ventrad............................................................................................... 22

22. Apical part of male aedeagus short, about as long as wide, armed with three short, slender and pointed processes ( Fig. 313n).............................................................. Sa. tricuspis sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 158

- Apical part of male aedeagus much longer than wide........................................................ 23

23. Most of clypeus orange-red....................................... Sa. rostrata sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 156

- Most of clypeus stramineous............................................................................ 24

24. Base of distal dorsal process of male pygofer wide, separated from base of proximal dorsal process by a small gap only ( Fig. 305j)............................................................. Sa. lata sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 153

- Bases of dorsal process of male pygofer well separated....................................................... 25

25. Mesonotum almost all orange-red................................. Sa. rhinoceros Zelazny ( Sa. plurima group), p. 155

- Mesonotum with a bright red rhomboid mark........................ Sa. imperiali Zelazny ( Sa. plurima group), p. 152

26. Male aedeagus hatchet-like, stem on ventral side, just before apical portion, with two prominent, contiguous, flat processes, their anterior margins abruptly cut off ( Figs. 312m, n)................. Sa. securifera sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 157

- Stem of male aedeagus without such prominent, ventral processes.............................................. 27

27. Male aedeagus with a flat, broad, slightly pointed process arising from the left, dorsal side at the junction of stem and apical part ( Fig. 308m)................................................. Sa. plurima sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 155

- Male aedeagus without a flat, broad process in this position................................................... 28

28. Apical part of male aedeagus with a prominent, pointed process arising vertically from the dorsal side (e.g. Figs. 303m, n)... ................................................................................................... 29

- Apical part of male aedeagus without such a process......................................................... 30

29. Frons and legs stramineous; ventral terminal process of male aedeagus (directed forward) curved upwards at the tip ( Figs. 303m, n)...................................................... Sa. eburnea sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 152

- Frons and legs with red marks; ventral terminal process of male aedeagus straight.................................................................................................. Sa. terebra Zelazny ( Sa. plurima group), p. 158

30. Apical part of male aedeagus on left side with a small pointed, vertical process ( Figs. 314m, s)....................................................................................... Sa. viperina sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 159

- Apical part of male aedeagus without such a small vertical process............................................. 31

31. Apical part of male aedeagus short; left, rounded lobe nearly reaching tip, which is directed forward; a slightly elevated, short ridge crossing the dorsal side ( Figs. 301o, q)............................. Sa. costa sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 150

- Apical part of male aedeagus long; left, rounded lobe ending clearly before the tip; no ridge crossing the dorsal side....................................................................... Sa. virgata Zelazny ( Sa. plurima group), p. 159

32. Forewings lightly and uniformly infuscated............................. Sa. carens sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 149

- Forewing infuscation interrupted or absent................................................................. 33

33. Base of apical part of male aedeagus (most caudal part of aedeagus) with a long and slender process ( Figs. 304m, q)............................................................. Sa. kagoshimana (Matsumura) ( Sa. plurima group), p. 152

- Base of apical part of male aedeagus without such a process................................................... 34

34. Forewings including veins uniformly yellowish, no orange or red veins, no or extremely faint infuscations....................................................................................... Sa. lutea Zelazny (ungrouped), p. 169

- Forewings with patches of light infuscations and/or with orange or red vein sections............................... 35

35. Forewings with last subcostal sector and adjoining part of costa orange or red, but with no other veins coloured in this way .. ................................................................................................... 36

- Forewings with other veins and vein-sections orange, orange-brown or red, apart from last subcostal sector and adjoining part of costa............................................................................................ 37

36. Forewings about 3.5 mm long, mottled with infuscations, about half of total area infuscated ( Fig. 319f).................................................................................... Sa. mappa sp. nov. ( Sa. thia group), p. 162

- Forewings more than 4 mm long, with few patches of infuscation, about 10% of total area infuscated ( Fig. 263f)......................................................................... Sa. hollowayi sp. nov. ( Sa. foliata group), p. 124

37. Apical half of forewings with strong infuscation, most veins in this part bright red.................................................................................................... Sa. colorata sp. nov. ( Sa. thia group), p. 160

- Forewings with faint, scattered infuscation, veins not conspicuously coloured..................................... 38

38. Male aedeagus near apex with pointed process directed to the left or ventrad...................................... 39

- Male aedeagus without pointed, apical process............................................................. 41

39. In profile, face in front of antennae produced ( Fig. 260a), frons with light orange stripe, veins at M-Ms3 junction not conspicuously dark brown................................................. Sa. bakeri sp. nov. ( Sa. bakeri group), p. 120

- In profile, face narrow, frons stramineous, veins at M-Ms3 junction conspicuously dark brown....................... 40

40. Stem of male aedeagus, just before apical portion, with a prominent blade-like projection ( Fig. 261m); pointed apical process directed to the left.................................................. Sa. affinis sp. nov. ( Sa. foliata group), p. 123

- Stem of male aedeagus without such a projection; pointed apical process directed ventrad ( Fig. 266m)................................................................................... Sa. scissa sp. nov. ( Sa. foliata group), p. 125

41. A narrow red stripe across base of scutellum ( Fig. 311e).................. Sa. saucia sp. nov. ( Sa. plurima group), p. 157

- Mesonotum without such a red stripe..................................................................... 42

42. Stem of male aedeagus with a lateral, spatulate process ( Fig. 262m)........... Sa. foliata sp. nov. ( Sa. foliata group), p. 123

- Stem of male aedeagus with a rounded projection ( Fig. 264m).............. Sa. lamina sp. nov. ( Sa. foliata group), p. 124