Justicia triloba ( Lindau 1914: 196 ) E.C.O.Chagas & Costa-Lima, 2022

Chagas, Earl Celestino De Oliveira & Costa-Lima, James Lucas Da, 2022, A new combination in Justicia and a new synonym in Thyrsacanthus results in the restriction of Anisacanthus s. str. (Acanthaceae) to Central and North America, Phytotaxa 549 (1), pp. 117-121 : 118-119

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.549.1.11

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6608407

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E5879E-FF9C-FFD3-33D2-FF0FE325FC11

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Justicia triloba ( Lindau 1914: 196 ) E.C.O.Chagas & Costa-Lima
status

comb. nov.

Justicia triloba ( Lindau 1914: 196) E.C.O.Chagas & Costa-Lima View in CoL , comb. nov.

Anisacanthus trilobus Lindau (1914: 196) View in CoL . Type:— BRAZIL. Piauí: Serra Branca, January 1907, E. Ule 7480 (holotype B† = F negative No. 8762!; lectotype K (K000529393)!, designated by Côrtes et al. (2010); isotypes G (G00236111)!, HBG (HBG522692)!, L (L2831415)!). ( Figure 1A View FIGURE 1 )

= Harpochilus trimerocalyx Rizzini (1948: 359) View in CoL . Type:— BRAZIL. Piauí: Serra do Brejo , July 1912, P. von Luetzelburg 1301 (holotype RB ( RB00533887 )!). ( Figure 1B View FIGURE 1 )

Distribution and habitat: — Justicia triloba is endemic to Brazil, occurring in the mountain ranges and plateaus from northeastern Brazil and its adjacencies, recorded along the Espinhaço Mountain Range (States of Bahia and Minas Gerais), Espigão Mestre (western State of Bahia and eastern State of Tocantins), Araripe (between the of States of Piauí, Ceará, and Pernambuco), and Ibiapaba (between the States of Piauí and Ceará) Plateaus ( Chagas & Costa-Lima 2020a). Justicia triloba is a much-branched shrub, mainly inhabiting the dry scrubby vegetation, locally known as carrasco, but with some records in caatinga s.str., campo rupestre (within the Caatinga domain), and cerrado s.l. vegetation (Cerrado domain).

Selected additional specimens: — BRAZIL. Bahia: [ Mun. Igaporã ], 2 km E of Igaporã, on the BR 430 and about 44 km from Caetité, 13º46’S, 42º41’W, 14 April 1980 (fl), R. M. Harley et al. 21361 ( CEPEC, IPA, K, MO, NY, RB, UEC, U, US). GoogleMaps Ceará: Mun. Aiuaba, Gameleira de Baixo , 12 April 1991 (fl), M. A. Figueiredo et al. 116 ( EAC). GoogleMaps Minas Gerais: Mun. Buenópolis, Distrito de Curimataí , 17º55’7”S, 44º0’47”W, 22 January 2018 (fl), D. R. Gonzaga & W. A. Campanharo 1127 ( RB). GoogleMaps Pernambuco: Mun. Araripina , entre Feira Nova e Araripina, 6 May 1971 (fl), E.P. Heringer et al. 585 ( IPA, RB, SPF, UB, US). Piauí: Mun. Padre Marcos, Serra Velha, km 2 da vicinal para Alagoinha do Piauí , 420 m, 21 May 1995 (fl, fr), M. E. Alencar 264 ( HUEFS, K, US). Tocantins: Mun. Rio da Conceição , Folha SC-23-Y- C, T-5, área 7, ponto 18a, 649 m, 11º25’14”S, 46º44’20”W, 3 July 2009 (fl), F. C. A. Oliveira et al. 1500 ( IBGE) GoogleMaps .

Notes: —The pollen morphology of Justicia triloba was discussed in detail by Côrtes et al. (2010), and the basic pattern of its pollen grains (i.e., 3-colporate + 6-syncolpate) is one of the variations of the pollen type found in the New World “justicioid” lineage. The same type of pollen morphology is illustrated by Rizzini (1948) for Harpochilus trimerocalyx , included by Côrtes et al. (2010) as a synonym of its basionym Anisacanthus trilobus . However, due to a floral morphology similar to the species of Thyrsacanthus from northeastern Brazil [e.g., Thyrsacanthus microphyllus Côrtes & Rapini in Côrtes et al. (2010: 967) and T. ramosissimus Moricand (1847: 165) ] and pollen morphology congruent with the New Word “justicioid” lineage species, Côrtes et al. (2010) considered A. trilobus of uncertain generic position. Subsequently, based on molecular data, Côrtes et al. (2015) confirmed that A. trilobus is phylogenetically more related to the New World “justicioid” lineage, within Justicia Linnaeus (1753: 15) and closely related to Harpochilus Nees von Esenbeck (1847a: 146) species.

In addition, Justicia triloba shares with Justicia and related genera similar morphology of the capsules and seeds and some diagnostic characters, such as the presence of rugula in the corolla and anthers with asymmetric thecae. It is morphologically related to Justicia lepida ( Moricand 1847: 157) Wasshausen (1973: 3) , a species endemic to the Chapada Diamantina (and adjacent areas), in the State of Bahia, Brazil, occurring in campo rupestre vegetation (Côrtes & Rapini 2013, Chagas & Costa-Lima 2020b). Both species present branches with pubescent and glaucous indumentum, cymose dichasial inflorescences usually reduced to a single flower, a red corolla, calyx generally 3-partite, the lobes partially to fully fused, capsules with the fertile portion subglobose and irregularly striated longitudinally and seeds large, flat, and glabrous. Consequently, we propose its combination under Justicia .

E

Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh

R

Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile

M

Botanische Staatssammlung München

CEPEC

CEPEC, CEPLAC

IPA

Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária, IPA

K

Royal Botanic Gardens

MO

Missouri Botanical Garden

NY

William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden

RB

Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro

UEC

Universidade Estadual de Campinas

U

Nationaal Herbarium Nederland

A

Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum

EAC

Universidade Federal do Ceará

W

Naturhistorisches Museum Wien

SPF

Universidade de São Paulo

UB

Laboratoire de Biostratigraphie

HUEFS

Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana

C

University of Copenhagen

F

Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department

IBGE

Reserva Ecológica do IBGE

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Lamiales

Family

Acanthaceae

Genus

Justicia

Loc

Justicia triloba ( Lindau 1914: 196 ) E.C.O.Chagas & Costa-Lima

Chagas, Earl Celestino De Oliveira & Costa-Lima, James Lucas Da 2022
2022
Loc

Harpochilus trimerocalyx

Rizzini, C. T. 1948: )
1948
Loc

Justicia triloba ( Lindau 1914: 196 ) E.C.O.Chagas & Costa-Lima

Lindau, G. 1914: 196
1914
Loc

Anisacanthus trilobus

Lindau, G. 1914: )
1914
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