Arpactophilus

Breitkreuz, Laura C. V., Ohl, Michael & Engel, Michael S., 2016, A review of the New Caledonian Arpactophilus (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), Zootaxa 4063 (1), pp. 1-66 : 6-8

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4063.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:80401ED8-C6BA-4420-9109-854C5CC1E88D
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6088289
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E4FF4A-FF9C-FFC4-3FB9-FC77C4ACFC75
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Arpactophilus
status

Treatment

Key to species of Arpactophilus View in CoL in New Caledonia (females only)

The key is based on females only due to the lack of males for many species. Note that we have purposefully excluded A. nemoralis and A. sylvaticus owing to insufficient character data on these two taxa, although A. arboreus , A. dolichocara , A. kraussi , and A. nigripes are included based on information provided by Bohart (1999). The former two species would presumably run to A. arboreus in our key, but in the absence of the types (located at MNHN) we have hesitated to give the appearance of a definitive identification through their inclusion. Bohart’s (1999) descriptions of A. nemoralis and A. sylvaticus are simply too incomplete in taxonomically pertinent characters to allow us to make further judgments. Arpactophilus sylvaticus is similar to a group of species included herein ( A. orowe , A. pwapwa , A. vamale , and A. xaragure ), but based on the incomplete original description and absence of the holotype for direct examination it is not possible to incorporate it meaningfully.

1 Forewing with one submarginal cell ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 1 – 4 )................................................................ 2

- Forewing with two submarginal cells ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1 – 4 )............................................................... 9

2 Tibiae black............................................................................ A. nigripes Bohart View in CoL

- Tibiae yellow........................................................................................ 3

3 Occipital carina continuous ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 5 – 9 )....................................................................... 4

- Occipital carina interrupted dorsally ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5 – 9 )............................................................... 5

4 Clypeus yellow; lower frons yellow close to clypeus; scape yellow; pedicel and flagellum brown ( Fig. 47 View FIGURES 47 – 52 ). A. drehu View in CoL sp. nov.

- Most of clypeus black or black with yellow at apical margin; frons black (some specimens with small yellow markings close to clypeus); entire antenna yellow ( Fig. 45 View FIGURES 41 – 46 ).................................................. A. dolichocara Bohart View in CoL

5 Dorsal surface of propodeum about 1.5 × as long as wide and finely reticulate ( Fig. 22 View FIGURES 16 – 22 ); lateral surface of propodeum finely reticulate, with fine transverse carinulae.................................................. .. A. propodealis Bohart View in CoL

- Dorsal surface of propodeum no more than about 1.0 × as long as wide and more coarsely reticulate (as in Figs. 18, 19, 21 View FIGURES 16 – 22 ), in some specimens with additional fine structure; lateral surface prominently carinulate or reticulate..................... 6

6 Yellow markings on lower frons and apical half of clypeus ( Figs. 39 View FIGURES 35 – 40 , 49 View FIGURES 47 – 52 )......................................... 7

- Frons entirely brown to black, clypeus entirely brown to black or dark brown basally and yellow apically (e.g. Fig. 37 View FIGURES 35 – 40 ).... 8

7 Head about as long as wide in frontal view ( Fig. 49 View FIGURES 47 – 52 ); dorsal surface of propodeum coarsely sculptured (as in Fig. 18 View FIGURES 16 – 22 )............................................................................................. A. drubea View in CoL sp. nov.

- Head longer than broad in frontal view ( Fig. 39 View FIGURES 35 – 40 ); dorsal surface of propodeum finely sculptured (as in Fig. 21 View FIGURES 16 – 22 )................................................................................................. A. cemuhi View in CoL sp. nov.

8 Frontal carina extending to apical margin of clypeus ( Fig. 37 View FIGURES 35 – 40 ); lateral surface of propodeum carinulate. A. caledonicus Bohart View in CoL

- Frontal carina present on clypeus but terminating prior to apical margin ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 71 – 76 ); lateral surface of propodeum finely reticu-

late, in some specimens with additional carinulate pattern...................................... A. nengone View in CoL sp. nov. 9 Mesoscutellum completely or partly yellow (as in Fig. 19 View FIGURES 16 – 22 ).................................................... 10

- Mesoscutellum brown or black (as in Figs. 16–18, 20–22 View FIGURES 16 – 22 )................................................... 14

10 Mesoscutum partly yellow................................................................. A. paici View in CoL sp. nov.

- Mesoscutum dark brown or black........................................................................ 11

11 Clypeus all yellow ( Fig. 97 View FIGURES 95 – 100 )........................................................................... 12

- Clypeus partly yellow (typically laterally) and brown ( Figs. 71 View FIGURES 71 – 76 , 77 View FIGURES 77 – 82 )............................................. 13

12 Meso- and metasoma ventrally yellow..................................................... A. scutellaris Bohart View in CoL

- Meso- and metasoma ventrally black or dark brown........................................ A. fwai View in CoL sp. nov. (in part)

13 Apical margin of clypeus and labrum with medial V-shaped incision, incision forming a nearly right angle; upper margin of yellow paraocular marking on frons truncate, not narrowing towards vertex ( Fig. 71 View FIGURES 71 – 76 )................... A. merle View in CoL sp. nov.

- Apical margin of clypeus and labrum with deep medial V-shaped incision, lateral corners of incision acute and projecting to form two long pointed teeth; upper margin of yellow marking on frons narrowing towards vertex ( Fig. 77 View FIGURES 77 – 82 )... A. nere View in CoL sp. nov.

14 Lower gena with thin, apically-rounded spine not connected to dorsolateral carina ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 10 – 15 )............. A. futuna View in CoL sp. nov.

- Gena without spine or at most with carina or carinulae....................................................... 15

15 Lateral area of gena not fully smooth or imbricate, with carina or carinulae ( Figs. 14, 15 View FIGURES 10 – 15 )............................ 16

- Lateral area of gena smooth or imbricate, without carinae or carinula............................................ 18

16 Lateral surface of gena with single, dorsoventral carina terminating in short, blunt tubercle ( Fig. 15 View FIGURES 10 – 15 )..... A. concavus Bohart View in CoL

- Lateral surface of gena striated and without prominent dorsoventral carina ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 10 – 15 )................................ 17

17 Clypeus entirely black; mandible largely black to dark reddish-brown; apical margin of clypeus with prominent tooth on each side (tooth next to antennal torulus), margin between teeth straight ( Fig. 31 View FIGURES 29 – 34 ).......................... A. brochus Bohart View in CoL

- Clypeus apically yellow; mandible largely yellow except apex; apical margin of clypeus conspicuously projecting medially, apical margin of projecting portion shallowly concave ( Fig. 43 View FIGURES 41 – 46 )................................... A. cuspidis Bohart

18 Metasomal sternum II swollen medially, forming bulge ( Fig. 2 View FIGURES 1 – 4 )................................................ 19

- Metasomal sternum II flat, not forming bulge ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1 – 4 )........................................................35

19 Apical margin of clypeus with three teeth (lateral teeth next to antennal toruli and smaller medial tooth or point)........ 20

- Apical margin of clypeus not as above, projecting medially (with or without medial incision)........................ 24

20 Clypeus yellow ( Fig. 105 View FIGURES 101 – 106 ).................................................................. A. webbi Bohart View in CoL

- Clypeus brown or black................................................................................ 21

21 Mandible elongate, with lower mandibular tooth reaching opposite mandibular base ( Fig. 107 View FIGURES 107 – 112 ).......... A. xaracuu View in CoL sp. nov.

- Mandible not reaching opposite mandibular base............................................................ 22

22 Basal metasomal segments red, remainder brown to black ( Fig. 96 View FIGURES 95 – 100 ).............................. A. schlingeri Bohart View in CoL

- Metasoma entirely brown or black...................................................................... 23

23 Dorsal surface of propodeum reticulate (as in Fig. 20 View FIGURES 16 – 22 ); wings slightly infumate....................... A. gressitti Bohart View in CoL

- Dorsal surface of propodeum smooth with transverse carinae (as in Fig. 17 View FIGURES 16 – 22 ); wings markedly infumate... A. schlingeri Bohart View in CoL

24 Yellow markings present on lower frons and apical half of clypeus ( Fig. 27 View FIGURES 23 – 28 ).......................... A. arha View in CoL sp. nov.

- Frons and clypeus brown or black........................................................................ 25

25 Occipital carina continuous ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 5 – 9 )...................................................................... 26

- Occipital carina interrupted dorsally ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5 – 9 ).............................................................. 27

26 Metasoma black ( Fig. 30 View FIGURES 29 – 34 )................................................................... A. arhoe View in CoL sp. nov.

- Metasoma red ( Fig. 24 View FIGURES 23 – 28 )............................................................... A. abdominalis Bohart View in CoL

27 Metasoma light brown, distinctly lighter than mesosoma ( Fig. 62 View FIGURES 59 – 64 )................................... A. iaai View in CoL sp. nov.

- Metasoma and mesosoma concolorous, brown or black...................................................... 28

28 Legs entirely yellow except partially brown to black coxae....................................... A. arboreus Bohart View in CoL

- Legs largely yellow with distinct brown or black areas on coxae, femora, and/or tibiae.............................. 29

29 Midventral line of head (posterior to oral fossa) elevated to form distinct carina and anteriorly angled ( Figs. 11–12 View FIGURES 10 – 15 )...... 30

- Midventral line straight, not elevated as distinct carina ( Fig. 10 View FIGURES 10 – 15 )............................................... 31

30 Metatibia with well-delimited brown area apically (as in Figs. 7–9 View FIGURES 5 – 9 )............................... A. nyelayu View in CoL sp. nov.

- Metatibia yellow, without well-delimited brown area apically...................................... A. numee View in CoL sp. nov.

31 Metatibia without differently colored area apically.......................................................... 32

- Metatibia with brown or black area apically (as in Figs. 7–9 View FIGURES 5 – 9 )................................................. 33

32 Frons with lateral longitudinal carina (next to antennal toruli) parallel to inner margin of compound eye ( Fig. 69 View FIGURES 65 – 70 ); labrum with four lobes.............................................................................. A. kumak View in CoL sp. nov.

- Frons without lateral longitudinal carina parallel to inner compound eye margin ( Fig. 103 View FIGURES 101 – 106 ); labrum with two lobes.............................................................................................. A. vamale View in CoL sp. nov.

33 Gena finely imbricate with sparse punctation and associated setae; brown area on metatibia without well-delimited margin ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 5 – 9 ).............................................................................. A. xaragure View in CoL sp. nov.

- Gena imbricate with dense punctation and associated setae; dark brown area on metatibia well-delimited ( Figs. 8–9 View FIGURES 5 – 9 )..... 34

34 Pronotal lobe dark brown; femora almost completely black........................................ A. orowe View in CoL sp. nov.

- Pronotal lobe yellow apically; femora yellow with only small brown areas......................... A. pwapwa View in CoL sp. nov.

35 Metasoma reddish-brown ( Figs. 52 View FIGURES 47 – 52 , 60, 59 View FIGURES 59 – 64 )............................................................... 36

- Metasoma brown or black.............................................................................. 37

36 Frons imbricate and longitudinally striate with no punctation ( Fig. 51 View FIGURES 47 – 52 ); forewing submarginal cell II rectangular, not stalked...................................................................................... A. fagauvea View in CoL sp. nov.

- Frons not striate, imbricate with sparse punctation ( Fig. 59 View FIGURES 59 – 64 ); forewing submarginal cell II triangular and stalked................................................................................................. A. haveke View in CoL sp. nov.

37 Clypeus black, apical margin markedly projecting medially, without medial incision ( Fig. 73 View FIGURES 71 – 76 ); most of mandible reddish-black; midventral line carinate and with small anterior angle (as in Fig. 12 View FIGURES 10 – 15 )................................ A. nemi View in CoL sp. nov.

- Not in above combination; if clypeus black then most of mandible not reddish-black; apical margin of clypeus with medial incision (in some species only shallow concavity); midventral line straight, not angled............................. 38

38 Clypeus entirely yellow................................................................................ 39

- Clypeus either half brown or black and half yellow, or entirely brown or black.................................... 40

39 Body slender ( Fig. 102 View FIGURES 101 – 106 ); forewing submarginal cell II triangular..................................... A. tiri View in CoL sp. nov.

- Body not slender ( Fig. 56 View FIGURES 53 – 58 ); forewing submarginal cell II rectangular.......................... A. fwai View in CoL sp. nov. (in part)

40 Coxae all yellow..................................................................................... 41

- Coxae yellow apically, brown basally..................................................................... 43

41 Propodeum with dorsal surface finely sculptured (finely reticulate, with some fine transverse patterns in some specimens) ( Fig. 21 View FIGURES 16 – 22 ); clypeus partly yellow in most specimens.................................................. A. kraussi Bohart View in CoL

- Dorsal surface of propodeum more coarsely sculptured, not as above; clypeus brown or black....................... 42

42 Frontal carina only slightly elevated on upper clypeal margin, without prominent tip; most of antenna brownish, particularly flagellum; integument of frons imbricate with dense, coarse punctures, less than one diameter apart ( Fig. 91 View FIGURES 89 – 94 ).................................................................................................. A. pwaamei View in CoL sp. nov.

- Frontal carina elevated to prominent tip on upper clypeal margin; most of antenna yellow, only slightly brownish in some areas; integument of frons imbricate with sparse punctures, more than puncture diameter apart ( Fig. 35 View FIGURES 35 – 40 )..... A. caac View in CoL sp. nov.

43 Clypeus black ( Fig. 99 View FIGURES 95 – 100 )..................................................................... A. tayo View in CoL sp. nov.

- Clypeus half black and half yellow....................................................................... 44

44 Lower frons with yellow markings ( Fig. 111 View FIGURES 107 – 112 )................................................. A. yuanga View in CoL sp. nov.

- Frons entirely black................................................................................... 45

45 Femora entirely yellow..................................................................... A. jawe View in CoL sp. nov.

- Femora partly black................................................................................... 46

46 Frons polished with sparse punctation and fine longitudinal carinulae ( Fig. 33 View FIGURES 29 – 34 )....................... A. bwatoo View in CoL sp. nov.

- Frons imbricate with dense punctation, without carinulae ( Fig. 87 View FIGURES 83 – 88 )................................... A. pije View in CoL sp. nov.