Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier, 1789)

D, Nandhini, R, Shashank P., Joshi, Rahul & Reddy, Karthik M., 2024, A catalogue of Indian Gelechiidae Stainton, 1854 (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea), Zootaxa 5420 (1), pp. 1-121 : 46-47

101. Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier, 1789)

Alucita cerealella Olivier, 1789: 121 ; TL: Europe , South Europe (Type and repository unknown).

= Phalaena hordei Beckmann, 1790: 589 (TL, Type and repository unknown).

= Tinea hordei Kirby & Spence, 1815: 172 ; TL: United Kingdom (Type and repository unknown).

= Gelechia arctella Walker, 1864: 635 ; TL: Sri Lanka, Ceylon (Holotype ♂) ( NHMUK) .

= Gelechia ( Sitotroga ?) coarctatella Zeller , 1877: 353; TL : Colombia, Bogota (Holotype ♂) ( MFN) .

= Gelechia melanarthra Lower, 1900: 416 ; TL: Australia, Broken Hill , New South Wales (Holotype ♀) ( NHMUK). = Epithectis palearis Meyrick, 1913a: 65 ; TL : India, Pusa, Bengal (now in Bihar) (Syntypes ♂ ♀) ( NHMUK) .

= Syngenomictis aenictopa Meyrick, 1927a: 78 ; TL: Samoa, Upolu (Holotype ♀) ( NHMUK) .

= Aristotelia ochrescens Meyrick, 1938: 3 ; TL: China, Yunnan (sex of type (s) unknown) ( NHMUK) .

Distribution: India:Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal. Elsewhere :Africa: Algeria, Benin, Botswana, Egypt, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe; Asia: Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Lebanon, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand; Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine; North America: Dominican Republic, Mexico, United States of America; Oceania: Australia, New Zealand; South America: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay ( CABI 2022d).

Illustrations: Egg, larva, pupa and adult ( El-Sherif et al. 2008; Abdel-Hameid 2018).

Hosts: Cajanus sp. ( Fabaceae ); Avena sativa , Hordeum vulgare , Oryza sativa , Pennisetum sp. , P. glaucum , Secale cereale , Sorghum sp. , S. bicolor , Triticum sp. , T. aestivum , T. spelta , Zea sp. , Z. mays , Zizania palustris ( Poaceae ) (Robinson et al. 2023).

Natural enemies: Predators: Paratriphleps laeviusculus ( Anthocoridae ); Anomalochrysa maclachlani , Anthocoris nemorum , Blattisocius tarsalis , Ceraeochrysa cubana , Chrysopa abbreviate , C. pallens , Chrysoperla carnea , C. exotera , C. rufilabris , C. zastrowi ( Chrysopidae ); Cryptolaemus montrouzieri ( Coccinellidae ); Doru taeniatum ( Forficulidae ); Geocoris punctipes ( Geocoridae ); Orius minutus , Xylocoris flavipes ( Lyctocoridae ); Collops vittatus ( Melyridae ); Nabis ferus ( Nabidae ); Parasitoids: Bracon hebetor , Chelonus inanitus ( Braconidae ); Dibrachys carus , Habrocytus lineatipes , Mesopolobus sp. , Pteromalus cerealellae , P. semotus ( Pteromalidae ); Trichogramma sp. , T. achaeae , T. aurosa , T. bezdencovii , T. cacoeciae , T. chilonis , T. daumalae , T. dendrolimi , T. evanescens , T. exiguum , T. fasciatum , T. galloi , T. ingricum , T. ivelae , T. japonicum , T. lopezandinensis , T. maidis , T. minutum , T. mwanzai , T. ostriniae , T. pallidum , T. perkinsi , T. pintoi , T. platneri , T. pretiosum , T. principium , T. semblidis , T. semifumatum , T. silvestre , Trichogrammatoidea australicum ( Trichogrammatidae ); Pathogens: Bacillus thuringiensis , B. t. kurstaki, B. t. thuringiensis , Beauveria bassiana ; Mites: Pyemotes tritici ( Pyemotidae ) ( CABI 2022d).

Genus Syncratomorpha Meyrick, 1929: 509 ; TS: Syncratomorpha euthetodes Meyrick, 1929