Stenotarsus latipes Arrow

Arriaga-Varela, Emmanuel, Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago, Tomaszewska, Wioletta & Navarrete-Heredia, Jose Luis, 2013, Preliminary review of the genus Stenotarsus Perty (Coleoptera: Endomychidae) from México, Guatemala and Belize, with descriptions of twelve new species, Zootaxa 3645 (1), pp. 1-79 : 20-22

Stenotarsus latipes Arrow

( Figs. 3–7, 9–13 , 21, 51–52, 60, 96, 164, 212–213, 249, 262)

Stenotarsus latipes Arrow, 1920: 52 . Blackwelder 1945: 439; Strohecker 1953: 53; Roubik & Skelley 2001: 155; Arriaga- Varela et al. 2007: 14; Navarrete-Heredia et al. 2008: 120; Shockley et al. 2009a: 82.

Stenotarsus angustulus Gorham, 1890: 138 (not Gerstaecker, 1858: 327).

Diagnosis. Very similar to Stenotarsus molgorae sp. nov. in antennal structure ( Figs. 60, 66 ), distinctly narrow lateral margins of the pronotum ( Fig. 96 ), and the distinctly broad and curved meso- and metatibiae in males ( Figs. 164 , 174 ). It can be distinguished from S. molgorae by having the tibiae and tarsi of all legs reddish brown instead of black (Fig. 21), the meso- and metatibiae of males more strongly curved and bearing a conspicuous row of tubercles along medial margin ( Fig. 164 ), and the median lobe markedly widened basally, in ventral view ( Fig. 213 ).

Description of males. Body 4.9–5.8 mm long, moderately large, long oval, moderately convex and large (Fig. 21), 1.86–1.95X as long as wide, 2.95–3.30X as long as high. Uniformly reddish brown except antennomeres 3–11 which are black. Densely covered with moderately long, decumbent, coppery setae.

Head: Clypeus transverse, 2.1X wider than long. Terminal labial palpomere narrow, acuminate, narrowly truncate apically ( Fig. 7 ). Interocular distance 0.60–0.71X as wide as head. Antenna moderately long and stout ( Fig. 60 ), 0.45X as long as body; scape 1.5X as long as wide, 1.9X longer than pedicel; pedicel 1.2X longer than wide; third antennomere 1.6X as long as wide, 1.3X as long as pedicel; fourth 1.6X as long as wide, 1.4X as long as pedicel; fifth 1.6X as long as wide, 1.6X as long as pedicel; sixth and seventh subequal to fifth; eighth 1.2X as long as wide, 1.3X longer than pedicel; antennal club 0.4X as long as total antennal length, with segments almost symmetrical; ninth antennomere widened apically, 1.3X as long as wide, 2.2X as long as pedicel; tenth widened apically, as long as wide, 2X as long as pedicel; terminal antennomere widening apically, 1.6X as long as wide, 3.4X as long as pedicel.

Prothorax: Pronotum widest at base, transverse ( Fig. 96 ), 1.97–2.13X wider than long, 1.68–1.82X wider at base than at front angles, 1.98–2.15X wider than head. Sides almost continuously rounded. Front angles moderately produced, right-angled, rounded at tip. Hind angles right-angled or slightly acute. Anterior margin narrow, weakly rounded. Lateral margins hardly raised, distinctly narrow, subequal width along its length; width of margin at base less than 1/6 of the distance between basal pore and hind angle; area between marginal line and pronotal edge flat. Disc moderately convex, finely and closely punctate. Longitudinal sulci moderately deep, short, weakly curved medially. Basal pores small, slightly elongate and oblique ( Fig. 11 ). Basal sulcus impressed only near pores. Pronotal base lobed medially. Prosternal process wide, weakly widened posteriorly; slightly wider than longitudinal procoxal diameter apically.

Pterothorax: Scutellum triangular, moderately large, 1.67–1.72X wider than long, 0.18–0.2X as wide as pronotum. Elytra 3.4–3.8 mm long, 1.25–1.31X longer than wide, 3.62–4.0X longer and 1.32–1.43X wider than pronotum; long ovoid, widest at basal third, then roundly convergent to the acuminate apex. Moderately densely punctate with foveolate punctures moderately large and deep, separated by 3–5 diameters ( Fig. 13 ), sparser and shallower near apex of elytra and scutellum. Humerus moderately prominent. Epipleuron moderately wide at base, 0.8X as wide as the intercoxal process of metaventrite. Mesoventrite deeply excavated in front, bearing small setose pores laterally, mesoventral process wider than longitudinal coxal diameter, without medial carinae. Metaventrite weakly convex, almost flat in center, without modifications on anterior margin; with pair of small setose pores of approximately same diameter posterior to each mesocoxa. Metepisternum with small setose pore. Legs: moderately long and somewhat stout ( Fig. 164 ). Trochanters simple. Meso- and metafemora moderately widened at midlength, unarmed; metafemur as long mesofemur, bearing moderately long decumbent setae. Meso- and metatibiae distinctly flattened, and curved; metatibia slightly shorter than metafemur, 0.27–0.33X as long as elytra, continuously widened distally, with a medial row of tubercles. Metatarsus 0.54–0.58X as long as metatibia; second tarsomere produced and lobed, 3X as wide apically as fourth tarsomere at midlength ( Fig. 13 ).

Abdomen: ventrite I as long as metaventrite and slightly shorter ventrites II–V combined, with moderately coarse foveolate punctation, without protuberances. Ventrite V almost 1.5X longer than IV, with apex slightly truncate; ventrite VI acuminate apically. Tergite VIII truncate. Median lobe comparatively short and stout, curved, widened in basal half, slightly bent externally, in ventral view ( Fig 213 ), gradually widened apically, in lateral view ( Fig 212 ). Tegmen with tegminal plate moderately large.

Description of females. Body 5.60–6.15 mm long, 1.90–1.95X as long as wide, 2.9–3.2X as long as high. Antenna 0.36–0.38X as long as body. Pronotum 2.09–2.10X wider than long, 1.85–2.0X wider at base than at front angles, 2.08–2.22X wider than head. Elytra 3.9–4.5 mm long, 1.32–1.40X longer than wide, 3.9–4.1X longer and 1.39–1.43X wider than pronotum. Metatibia 0.26–0.29X longer than elytra, scarcely curved, unarmed. Metatarsus 0.50–0.55X as long as metatibia. Ovipositor with proctiger acuminate, coxites wide, without styli ( Fig. 249 ).

Sexual dimorphism. Males have proportionally larger antennae. Also the meso- and metatibiae are distinctly flattened and curved, with a medial row of small tubercles.

Variation. Although this species shows a broad geographical range no significant variation was found among its members.

Material examined. México: Chihuahua, Urique, Cerocahui, el Salitre, 19–21-VII-2006, Alt. 1700, Tr. Intercepción. M. Castillo y L. Delgado cols. (2 males: IEXA); Sierra de Durango / Stenotarsus angustulus Gerst. (1 female: MNHN); Canelas (1 female: MNB); [same data plus] Stenotarsus latipes Arrow det. H.F. Strohecker, from study of type (1 male: MNB); Canelas 6 (1 female: MNB); Mexico, Coll. J. Flohr / unicolor Horn / Stenotarsus latipes Arrow det. H.F. Strohecker (1 female: MNB); MÉXICO, Guerrero, Acahuizotla, bomba de captación, BTC, 799 msnm, 17°21’19.6’’N 99°27’14.5’’ W, 24.V.2009, col. Cisteil Pérez-Hdez. (3 males, 2 females: CNIN); MÉXICO, Guerrero, Acahuizotla, Camino San Roque-Nejapa, BTC, 769 msnm, 17°21’0.21’’N 99°27’57’’ W, 24.V.2009,col. Cisteil Pérez-Hdez (2 males, 5 females: CNIN); MÉXICO, Guerrero, Acahuizotla, Nejapa, BTC, 920 msnm, 17°22’31.7’’N 99°27’26’’ W, 24.V.2009, Trampa de Luz (en lona), S. Zaragoza-Caballero col. (5 males, 7 females: CNIN); 14 Km Carretera Pto. del Gallo, Paraiso, Atoyac de Alvarez, Gro. / 28-VII-1983, A. Luis, B. lauracea, 2000 msnm (1 female: MZFC); Taxco (1 female: MNB); MÉXICO: Guerrero, Tetipac, El Peral, 2210m, BMM, 18º35’46’’ N, 99º37’12’’ W, ex Lactarius deliciosus , J. L. Navarrete col (1 female: CZUG); México: Morelos, Tlayacapan, San José de los Laureles, BMM, 18º55’58’’ N, 99º0’9’’ W, ex Russula IIIB, 15.IX.1991, J. L. Navarrete col. (1 female: JLN); México: Jalisco, Atenguillo, Cerro El Faro, Km. 85 carr. Ameca- Mascota, BPE, 1935 m, 20º22’N, 104º36’W, 5.VI.2004, ex Corteza, J. Cortés-Aguilar, V. Zamora (2 males, 1 female: CZUG); Méx. Jalisco, Autlán, Puerto Los Mazos, BMM, 1630 m, 19º41’29’’N, 104º23’69’’ W, 25.VII.1994, ex Agarical, G.A. Quiroz-Rocha (1 female: CZUG); México: Jal, Mascota, Cerro La Mona, carr. Ameca-Mascota, 1456 m, BPE, 20º27’41.3’’N, 104º45’’0.0’’W, 4–17.VII.2005, NTP Calamar, K. Paredes (1 male: CZUG); México: Jalisco, Mascota, El Atajo, carr. Mascota-Las Palmas, BMM, 1413 m, 20º38’01’’N, 104º51’45’’W, 6.VII.2005, ex Sirobasidium sanguineum (Tremellaceae) , J. Cortés-Aguilar (14 males, 20 females: CZUG); Mascota, El Atajo, carr. Mascota-Las Palmas, BMM, 1413 m, 20º38’01’’N, 104º51’45’’W, 14.XII.2004, ex tronco, 1413 m, 20º38’ N, 104º51’ w, J. L. Navarrete-Heredia, V. H. Flores cols (2 males, 2 females: CZUG); MÉXICO: Jal, Tequila, Volcán de Tequila, BEP, 1868 m, 20º49’24.8’’N, 103º51’21.9’’W,ex Lactarius , 21.IX.2006, E. Arriaga-Varela & A. Mólgora cols. (10 males, 13 females); México: Jal, Tequila, Volcán de Tequila, BEP, 2000 m, 20º46’34.5’’N, 103º51’48’’W,ex Lactarius , 22.IX.2006, E. Arriaga-Varela & A. Mólgora cols. (4 males; 3 female: CZUG); México: Jal, Tequila, Volcán de Tequila, Km. 12 de la brecha a las antenas, BPE, 2200 m, ex Lactarius , 16.IX.2006, I.G. Rocha & J. Cortés cols. (12 males, 8 females: CZUG); México: Jalisco, Zapopan, Huaxtla, BE, 1431 msnm 20°56’00.2’’N 103°24’18.8’’W, 26.VI.2007, ex Stereum ostreae , CEAS Arcediano col. (2 males, 4 females: CZUG); Oaxaca: Tuxtepec 15 / Mexico, Coll. J. Flohr / nitidularius Gerst (1 female: MNB);Yolotepec 15 / Mexico coll. Flohr / Stenotarsus latipes Arrow det. H.F. Strohecker (1 female: MNB); Yolotepec / Mexico, coll J. Flohr / Stenotarsus latipes Arrow det. H.F. Strohecker (1 female: MNB); México: Oaxaca, Km 21 carretera Yolotepec-Juquila, BE, 1850m, ex Lactarius IIIB, 30–31.VII.1991, J. L. Navarrete, G.A. Quiroz y L. Delgado #871 (1 female: CZUG); [illegible] / Mexico, coll J. Flohr (1 female: MNB); Mexico, Coll Flohr (2 males, 2 females: MNB).

Distribution. GUATEMALA: Baja Verapaz, Sacatepequez; MEXICO: Chihuahua, Guerrero, Durango, Jalisco, Morelos, Oaxaca, Veracruz ( Fig.262 ).

Biological Notes. Altitudinal range: 769–2000 m. Habitats: Pine-oak, cloud and tropical deciduous forest. Period of activity: May to October. Host fungi: Russula sp., Lactarius deliciosus and Lactarius spp. ( Russulales : Russulaceae ); Stereum ostrea ( Russulales : Stereaceae ); Sirobasidium sanguineum ( Tremellales : Sirobasidiaceae ). Habits: this species has been collected active at day, feeding, copulating or flying (C. Pérez-Hernández, personal comunication). Once, 34 specimens were collected on the same dead log, feeding on Sirobasidium sanguineum . Six specimens were found feeding and copulating over a dead log infested by Stereum ostrea ( Fig. 51 ). Larvae of various instars were collected on the same fungi ten days later. On other occasions they have been collected feeding on fungi, along with other endomychids like Epipocus longicornis Gerstaecker , Stenotarsus raramuri sp. nov. and remarkably with the similar Stenotarsus molgorae sp. nov. ( Fig. 52 ) (J. Cortés-Aguilar, personal comunication).

Remarks. The type material was not studied. However, specimens from MNB identified by H. F. Strohecker by direct comparison with types were studied. Roubik & Skelley (2001) reported the occurrence of this species in Costa Rica, suggesting aggregating behavior. According to our observations, the Costa Rican specimens do not belong to S. latipes , but instead to a similar, unnamed species. Although S. latipes specimens have been collected in large numbers, the report of aggregating behavior requires further confirmation. This species is recorded from Chihuahua for the first time.

Figures

FIGURES 3 – 13. Morphology of Stenotarsus spp. 3) Head; 4) Mandible dorsal; 5) Mandible ventral; 6) Maxilla; 7) Labium; 8) Labial palp; 9) Hind wing; 10) Male abdominal segment IX ventral; 11) Basal fovea of pronotum; 12) Surface of elytron; 13) Metatarsus. 3 – 7, 9 – 13. S. latipes. 8. S. spiropenis.

FIGURES 54 – 71. Right antennae of Stenotarsus spp. 54) S. cortesi; 55) S. exiguus; 56) S. globosus, S. rubrocinctus; 57) S. guatemalae; 58) S. incisus; 59) S. kafkai; 60) S. latipes; 61) S. lemniscatus; 62) S. marginalis; 63) S. mesoamericanus; 64) S. mexicanus; 65) S. militaris; 66) S. molgorae; 67) S. monterrosoi; 68) S. nigricans; 69) S. oblongulus; 70) S. ovalis; 71) S. parallelicornis.

FIGURES 90 – 104. Pronotum of Stenotarsus spp. 90) S. cortesi; 91) S. exiguus; 92) S. globosus; 93) S. guatemalae; 94) S. incisus; 95) S. kafkai; 96) S. latipes, S. molgorae; 97) S. lemniscatus; 98) S. marginalis; 99) S. mesoamericanus; 100) S. mexicanus; 101) S. militaris; 102) S. monterrosoi; 103) S. nigricans; 104) S. oblongulus.

FIGURES 158 – 173. Hind legs of male Stenotarsus spp. 158) S. cortesi; 159) S. exiguus; 160) S. globosus; 161) S. guatemalae; 162) S. incisus; 163) S. kafkai; 164) S. latipes; 165) S. lemniscatus; 166) S. marginalis; 167) S. mesoamericanus; 168) S. mexicanus; 169) S. militaris; 170) S. molgorae; 171) S. monterrosoi; 172) S. nigricans; 173) S. oblongulus.

FIGURES 174 – 185. 174 – 183. Hind legs of male Stenotarsus spp. 184 – 185. Hind legs of female Stenotarsus spp. 174) S. ovalis; 175) S. parallelicornis; 176) S. raramuri; 177) S. rubrocinctus; 178) S. rulfoi; 179) S. sallaei; 180) S. shockleyi; 181) S. smithi; 182) S. spiropenis; 183) S. thoracicus; 184) S. exiguus; 185) S. globosus.

FIGURES 200 – 223. Lateral and ventral view of median lobe of edeagus of Stenotarsus spp. 200 – 201) S. cortesi; 202 – 203) S. exiguus; 204 – 205) S. globosus, S. raramuri, S. rubrocinctus, S. shockleyi; 206 – 207) S. guatemalae; 208 – 209) S. incisus; 210 – 211) S. kafkai, S. mexicanus; 212 – 213) S. latipes; 214 – 215) S. lemniscatus; 216 – 217) S. marginalis; 218 – 219) S. mesoamericanus; 220 – 221) S. militaris; 222 – 223) S. molgorae.

FIGURES 244 – 256. Female genitalia structures of Stenotarsus spp. 244) Ovipositor with spermatheca and accessory gland of S. spiropenis, dorsal. 245 – 256. terminal part of ovipositor, dorsal. 245) S. cortesi; 246) S. exiguus; 247) S. globosus, S. raramuri, S. rubrocinctus, S. shockleyi; 248) S. incisus; 249) S. latipes; 250) S. mesoamericanus; 251) S. mexicanus; 252) S. monterrosoi; 253. S. nigricans. 254. S. ovalis. 255. S. sallaei. 256. S. thoracicus.

FIGURES 260 – 262. Distributional maps of Stenotarsus spp. 260) S. guatemalae (C), S. marginalis (S); 261) S. kafkai (C), S. mexicanus (S), S. nigricans (T); 262) S. latipes (C), S. shockleyi (S). Yellow circles (C), red squares (S), blue triangles (T).

FIGURES 50 – 53. Habits of Stenotarsus spp. 50) Pupae of S. cortesi sp. nov. on a dead log; 51) A pair of S. latipes Arrow mating on a dead log with Stereum ostrea fungi; 52) S. latipes and S. molgorae sp. nov. feeding on Lactarius sp.; 53) S. spiropenis sp. nov. feeding on Polyporus tenuicollis.