Pamphiliinae

Shinohara, Akihiko & Wei, Mei-Cai, 2016, Leaf-rolling sawflies (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae, Pamphiliinae) of Tianmushan Mountains, Zhejiang Province, China, Zootaxa 4072 (3), pp. 301-318 : 315-316

Key to the Pamphiliinae of Tianmushan

1. Head with lateral sutures divergent forward and not connected with antennal furrows; forewing with vein Sc1 absent ( Neurotoma Konow, 1897 )................................................................................... 2

- Head with lateral sutures subparallel and connected with antennal furrows; forewing with vein Sc1 present.............. 3

2. Head black, with pale marks only on clypeus and at upper inner orbits; head covered with large distinct punctures and hairs; thorax and abdomen black, with only narrow posterior margins of abdominal sterna creamy white; tibiae and tarsi of all legs black, except for creamy white basal half of hind tibia..................................... N. atrata Takeuchi, 1930

- Head black, with extensive creamy white marks on clypeus, paraantennal field, frons, upper inner orbit, along lateral suture, gena and posterior margin of postocular area; head mostly smooth, without large punctures and hairs; thorax and abdomen with extensive creamy white marks............................................ N. nigrotegularis Wei & Nie, 1998

3. Anterior part of malar space with row of recurved setae in female and with large pit containing usually one long stout seta and several recurved setae in male; supraocular area with narrow, dull, densely pubescent patch in male; tarsal claws with acute basal lobe in addition to apical and one subapical teeth of subequal size ( Onycholyda Takeuchi, 1938 )................. 4

- Anterior part of malar space without recurved setae or setiferous pit in both sexes; supraocular area without narrow, dull, densely pubescent patch in male; tarsal claws with apical and one subapical teeth of subequal size and often with rounded basal lobe, but without acute basal lobe ( Pamphilius Latreille, 1803 )............................................... 11

4. Abdomen entirely or almost entirely black, without orange areas..................... O. atra Shinohara & Wei , sp. nov.

- Abdomen with extensive orange or pale yellow areas........................................................ 5

5. Antenna entirely orange or dark yellow, without blackish areas...................... O. fulvicornis Shinohara , sp. nov.

- At least flagellum blackish brown to black.................................................................. 6

6. Female............................................................................................. 7

- Male............................................................................................. 10

7. Antennal scape and pedicel mostly black.................................................................. 8

- Antennal scape and pedicel mostly pale yellow............................................................. 9

8. Frons, interocellar crest, pronotum, anterior part of mesepisternum and median mesoscutellar lobe marked with pale yellow; wing venation mostly black..................................................... O. shaanxiana Shinohara, 1999

- Frons, interocellar crest, pronotum, anterior part of mesepisternum and median mesoscutellar lobe without pale yellow marks; wing venation mostly pale yellow........................................... O. odaesana Shinohara & Byun, 1993

9. Left mandible with low but distinct middle tooth; black mark covering postocellar area not or narrowly extending laterally beyond lateral suture and extending anteriorly along antennal furrow only to dorsal tentorial macula; veins R and R1 and basal 1/4–1/3 of stigma pale yellow..................................................... O. subquadrata ( Maa, 1944)

- Left mandible without distinct middle tooth; black mark covering postocellar area broadly extending laterally beyond lateral suture to postocular area and extending anteriorly along antennal furrow to torulus; veins R and R1 black and pale basal spot of stigma almost missing................................................. O. tianmushana Shinohara & Xiao, 2006

10. Clypeus concave, without longitudinal median carina, surface with distinct microsculpture, mat; left mandible without middle tooth; lateral pronotum, cervical sclerite and mesepisternum largely pale yellow...... O. odaesana Shinohara & Byun, 1993

- Clypeus convex, with distinct longitudinal median carina, surface smooth, shiny; left mandible with low but distinct middle tooth; lateral pronotum, cervical sclerite and mesepisternum entirely black................. O. subquadrata ( Maa, 1944)

11. Wings strongly infuscated blackish except for clear hyaline apical 1/3; left mandible without middle tooth............................................................................. P. lizejiani Shinohara in Shinohara & Wei, 2012

- Wings uniformly hyaline, often stained with brown; left mandible with low but distinct middle tooth.................. 12

12. Head mostly impunctate, smooth and glabrous except for clypeus; abdomen almost entirely black, without large orange or creamy white areas........................................................ P. shengi Wei in Wei & Xiao, 1999

- Head punctate and pilose; abdomen with large orange or creamy white areas..................................... 13

13. Head almost entirely black, densely covered with large deep punctures, without distinct interspaces; thorax entirely black; abdomen black with only segments 2–4 creamy white.......................... P. qinlingicus Wei in Xin & Wu, 2010

- Head and thorax with extensive pale yellow marks; head smooth or punctate with distinct interspaces; abdominal color pattern different from above................................................................................. 14

14. Length 9–11 mm in female, 8.5–10.5 mm in male; vertex with large deep punctures with narrow coriaceous interspaces; antennal scape with large black marking; stigma pale brown, with anterior and posterior margins blackish................................................................................................... P. padus Shinohara , sp. nov.

- Length 7.5–8.5 mm in female, 7–8 mm in male; vertex smooth with sparse punctures; antennal scape entirely pale yellow; stigma entirely blackish brown.............................................. P. palliceps Shinohara & Xiao, 2006