Mydaeinae Verrall, 1888

Michelsen, Verner, 2022, Costal vein chaetotaxy, a neglected character source in Fanniidae and Muscidae (Diptera: Calyptratae), European Journal of Taxonomy 826, pp. 94-134 : 121-122

Subfamily Mydaeinae Verrall, 1888

The limits and monophyly of this subfamily, currently including 20 recognized genera, are far from settled. Species from 13 genera were examined ( Table 1 ). • Afromydaea Malloch, 1930 , Dimorphia Malloch, 1922 , Graphomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 , Gymnopapuaia Vockeroth, 1972 , Lasiopelta Malloch, 1928 , Myospila Rondani, 1856 ( Fig. 15A ), Opsolasia Coquillett, 1910 , Pseudohelina Vockeroth, 1972 , Scutellomusca Townsend, 1931

All examined species from these nine genera show the prevalent muscid state A 4 in which vein C is bare dorsally and extensively setulose ventrally: Afromydaea geniculata (Stein, 1913) , Dimorphia (3 spp), Graphomya (6 spp), Gymnopapuaia acuta Vockeroth, 1972 , G. clavipalpis Vockeroth, 1972 , Lasiopelta similis Malloch, 1928 , Myospila (25 spp), Opsolasia orichalcea (Zetterstedt, 1849) , Pseudohelina (2 spp indet.) and Scutellomusca scutellaris (Fabricius, 1805) .

• Mydaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 ( Fig. 15B–C )

All examined species are to a varying extent setulose dorsally on vein C.

The following species has a short, often irregular row of dorsal costal setulae confined to CS2, the basal part of CS3, or both (state A6): Mydaea ancilla (Meigen, 1826) ( Fig. 15B ).

The following species are extensively setulose dorsally on vein C except for a bare or practically bare C1 (state A7): Mydaea anicula (Zetterstedt, 1860) , M. corni Scopoli, 1763 , M. deserta (Zetterstedt, 1845) , M. detrita (Zetterstedt, 1845) , some M. humeralis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 , M. lateritia (Rondani, 1866) , M. nubila Stein, 1916 , M. obscurella Malloch, 1921 , M. orthonevra (Macquart, 1835) , M. palpalis Stein, 1916 , some M. setifemur Ringdahl, 1924 and M. urbana (Meigen, 1826) .

The following species have a full row of dorsal costal setulae (state A8): Mydaea affinis Meade, 1891 ( Fig. 15C ), some M. humeralis , M. nebulosa (Stein, 1893) , some M. setifemur and M. sootryeni Ringdahl, 1928 .

• Hebecnema Schnabl, 1889 ( Fig. 16A–B )

Most species examined, e.g., H. umbratica (Meigen, 1826) ( Fig. 16A ), have the prevalent muscid state A4, but H. nigricolor (Fallén, 1825) ( Fig. 16B ), as first noticed by Michelsen (2019), and one unidentified species from Tanzania deviate by having dorsal setulae on the basal two-thirds or more of CS3, and sometimes among females even some irregular dorsal setulae on CS2 (state A7).

• Hemichlora Wulp, 1896

The only included species, Hemichlora scordalus (Walker, 1861) , has vein C extensively setulose dorsally (state A8).

• Gymnodia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 ( Fig. 16C )

Most of the 12 species examined show the prevalent muscid state A4, in which vein C is bare dorsally and extensively setulose ventrally, but a ventrally bare CS1 (state A3) was found in Gymnodia subtilis (Stein, 1909) ( Fig. 16C ) and a few other small-sized, unidentified Gymnodia spp of Afrotropical and Oriental origin.

Figures

Fig. 15. ♀♀ of Muscidae Latreille, 1802. A. Myospila bimaculata (Macquart, 1834), detail of wing showing CS1–3, dorsal view. B. Mydaea ancilla (Meigen, 1826), detail of wing showing CS1–3, dorsal view. C. M. affinis Meade, 1891, detail of wing showing CS1–3, dorsal view.

Fig. 16. ♀♀ of Muscidae Latreille, 1802. A. Hebecnema umbratica (Meigen, 1826), detail of wing showing CS1–3, dorsal view. B. H. nigricolor (Fallén, 1825), detail of wing showing CS1–3, dorsal view. C. Gymnodia subtilis (Stein, 1909), detail of wing showing CS1–3, ventral view.