Trochilia undetermined
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00751.x |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E08903-E952-FF86-4BA3-F956FDAAF9D6 |
treatment provided by |
Carolina |
scientific name |
Trochilia undetermined |
status |
SP. |
( FIG. 4 View Figure 4 , TABLE 4)
Diagnosis: Small-sized Trochilia about 45–55 ¥ 15– 20 Mm in vivo; body outline elliptical, with five or six ridges on right side; cilium-free surface covered with a conspicuous alveolar layer; four right somatic kineties, the right-most two of which extend dorsoapically; two left frontal kineties which extend to about onethird of body length; podite caudally positioned.
Type deposition: The holotype, as a protargolimpregnated slide, has been deposited in the Laboratory of Protozoology , Ocean University of China (No. PHB10010703 ). A paratype slide is in the National History Museum , London, UK, with the registration number 2010:11:7:1 .
Type locality: Coastal waters off Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong (22°12′N, 114°117′E), water temperature 23 °C and salinity 16 ‰.
Etymology: The name refers to the feature of having distinct alveoli.
Description: Cell size about 55–45 ¥ 15–20 Mm in vivo, bilaterally flattened about 1:2. From side view, body elongated or oval in outline; left side flattened and right side vaulted with about five or six ridges. Anterior margin rounded and posterior slightly tapering ( Fig. 4A–C, F, K–M View Figure 4 ). Pellicle of cilium-free field conspicuously covered with a thick alveolar layer that is composed of multiple vacuoles and detectable under 200 ¥ magnification ( Fig. 4F, L View Figure 4 ). Podite slender, about 8 Mm long, caudally positioned. Cytoplasm colourless or greyish, usually with many tiny shining granules (1–2 Mm across) and one or two ingested diatoms, All measurements in Mm. Abbreviations: CV, coefficient of variation (%); EF, equatorial fragment; FvK, frontoventral kineties; Lf, left frontal kineties; Max, maximum; Mean, arithmetic mean; Min, minimum; N, number of specimens; SD, standard deviation; TF, terminal fragment.
which render the cell more or less opaque. Cytostome in anterior quarter of cell. Cytopharynx diagonally orientated, about 20 Mm long, and extending to about posterior fifth of cell, supported by two nematodesmal rods ( Fig. 4E View Figure 4 ). Contractile vacuole not detected. Macronucleus ellipsoidal, size about 23 ¥ 13 Mm in vivo, centrally positioned, characteristically heteromerous. Micronucleus not detected. Cilia 8 Mm long in vivo. Movement always slow, by crawling on substrate.
Infraciliature as shown in Figure 4D, G, H, J, N View Figure 4 . Four right kineties, the two right-most of which are almost equal in length (c. 147 kinetosomes) and both extend anteriorly and bend to dorsal side; the other two kineties shortened at both ends from right to left ( Fig. 4D, J, N View Figure 4 ). At midbody about five closely spaced, very short left kineties. Two relatively long left frontal kineties, composed of 30–43 kinetosomes, positioned at the left side of cytostome, extending to about one-third of body length. One straight terminal fragment comprising three kinetosomes. Equatorial fragment consisting of about three kinetosomes.
Oral ciliature typical of the genus Trochilia ( Fig. 4D, G, N View Figure 4 ): two parallel circumoral kineties and one short preoral kinety, all of which are composed of dikinetids.
Comparison and remarks: The genus Trochilia Dujardin, 1841 , is characterized by a combination of the following features: (1) lateral compressed but no ventral grooves; (2) two nematodesmal rods; (3) left field kineties divided into left kineties and left frontal kineties, the latter group always composed of two rows ( Heuss & Wilbert, 1973; Deroux, 1976c; Gong, Warren & Song, 2009b).
Amongst Trochilia species that have been described using modern methods, three species are similar to Trochilia alveolata sp. nov., Trochilia minuta (Roux, 1899) Kahl 1931 ; Trochilia petrani Dragesco, 1966 , and Trochilia sigmoides Dujardin, 1841 .
Trochilia petrani ( Fig. 5F View Figure 5 ) resembles T. alveolata sp. nov. in terms of cell size, but it can be distinguished by the absence of both the alveolar layer and the ridges on right side (vs. present in latter) ( Dragesco, 1966).
Trochilia minuta and T. sigmoides are similar to the new species in terms of the presence of ridges on the right side. However, T. minuta ( Fig. 5D View Figure 5 ) can be separated from T. alveolata sp. nov. by having relatively shorter left frontal kineties (containing c. six kinetosomes vs. 30–43 kinetosomes) and the absence of alveolar layer (vs. present in latter) ( Foissner, 1979). Compared with the new species, T. sigmoides ( Fig. 5A, B View Figure 5 ) is smaller (20–28 vs. 45–55 Mm in length), oval in body outline (vs. elliptical) and has no alveolar layer (vs. present), and hence can be identified ( Gong et al., 2009b).
Trochilia marina Mereschkowski, 1881 , and T. salina Entz, 1879 , whose infraciliatures are not known, are also similar to T. alveolata sp. nov. in cell shape and marine habitat. The former ( Fig. 5E View Figure 5 ) is characterized by smaller size (c. 33 vs. 45–55 Mm in length) and the absence of alveolar layer (vs. present in latter). The latter ( Fig. 5C View Figure 5 ) can be identified from T. alveolata sp. nov. by smaller size (c. 20 vs. 45–55 Mm in length) and the absence of ridges on the right side (vs. present) ( Kahl, 1931).
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
Kingdom |
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Genus |
Trochilia undetermined
Pan, Hongbo, Lin, Xiaofeng, Gong, Jun, Al-Rashied, Khaled A. S. & Song, Weibo 2012 |
Trochilia alveolata
Pan & Lin & Gong & Al-Rashied & Song 2012 |
T. alveolata
Pan & Lin & Gong & Al-Rashied & Song 2012 |
Trochilia alveolata
Pan & Lin & Gong & Al-Rashied & Song 2012 |
T. alveolata
Pan & Lin & Gong & Al-Rashied & Song 2012 |
Trochilia alveolata
Pan & Lin & Gong & Al-Rashied & Song 2012 |
T. alveolata
Pan & Lin & Gong & Al-Rashied & Song 2012 |
T. alveolata
Pan & Lin & Gong & Al-Rashied & Song 2012 |
Trochilia petrani
Dragesco 1966 |
Trochilia petrani
Dragesco 1966 |
Trochilia petrani
Dragesco 1966 |
Trochilia minuta (Roux, 1899)
Kahl 1931 |
Trochilia minuta
Kahl 1931 |
T. minuta
Kahl 1931 |
Trochilia minuta
Kahl 1931 |
Trochilia marina
Mereschkowski 1881 |
Trochilia marina
Mereschkowski 1881 |
Trochilia salina
Entz 1879 |
T. salina
Entz 1879 |
Trochilia sigmoides
Dujardin 1841 |
T. sigmoides
Dujardin 1841 |
T. sigmoides
Dujardin 1841 |
Trochilia sigmoides
Dujardin 1841 |