Asturodes, Amsel, 1956

Solis, M. Alma, Rodríguez, Eugenie Phillips-, Hallwachs, Winnie, Dapkey, Tanya & Janzen, Daniel H., 2020, Asturodes Amsel (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Spilomelinae): Three New Species From The Western Hemisphere And Food Plant Records From Area De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 122 (1), pp. 147-171 : 151-153

KEY TO ASTURODES SPECIES

1. Forewing with dark brown markings in radial area between reniform spot and postmedial line ( Figs.1, 3 , 8, 10 ); male genitalia with fibula sclerotized, finger-like process curving toward costal margin ( Figs. 12, 16 ); female genitalia without signa ( Figs. 20, 22 ) ............................... 2

– Forewing without dark brown markings in radial area between discal spot and postmedial line ( Figs. 2, 4 , 9, 11 ); male genitalia with fibula short, not curving toward costal margin ( Figs. 14, 18 ); female genitalia with signa ( Figs. 21, 23 ) ................................................ 3

2. A light brown smudge in radial area between reniform spot and postmedial line; second lengthwise line of zigzag between Rs 4 and M 1 1/4 as long as first lengthwise line ( Figs. 1 , 8 ); female genitalia with ductus bursae anterior third not of equal width

throughout ( Fig. 20 ) ................................ ............... A. junkoshimurae , new species

– A dark brown line in radial area between reniform spot and postmedial line; second lengthwise line of zigzag between Rs 4 and M 1 1/2 as long as the first lengthwise line ( Figs. 3 , 10 ); female genitalia with ductus bursae anterior third of equal width throughout ( Fig. 22 ) .................................. ............................ A. bioalfae , new species

3. Forewing with a “C” pattern on both sides of M 2 near outer margin ( Fig. 9 , see red circle) with a dark brown line to reniform spot; reniform spot with three dark brown circles ( Figs. 2 , 9 ); male genitalia with uncus tip round ( Fig. 14 ); female genitalia with signa on corpus bursae a small circle ( Fig. 21 ); food plant only Colubrina ............................. ................................. A. fimbriauralis Guenée

– Forewing with a dark brown line on M 2 near margin, only a spot on M 1 with no dark brown bar to reniform spot, reniform spot a

dark brown “upside down U” over a “rightside up U” ( Figs. 4 , 11 ); male genitalia with uncus tip pointed ( Fig. 18 ); female genitalia with signa on corpus bursae in two dorsal longitudinal lines ( Fig. 23 ) .............................. ............................ A. encisoensis , new species.

Figures

Figs. 1‒7. Adults, Asturodes. 1, A. junkoshimurae, USNMENT01462908, forewing length=10.0 mm. 2, A. fimbriauralis, USNMENT01462896, forewing length=11.0 mm. 3, A. bioalfae, USNMENT01462909, forewing length 0.9 mm. 4, A. encisoensis, USNMENT01116302, forewing length=0.8 mm. 5, Holotype male of A. fimbriauralis [BMNH]. 6, A. fimbriauralis, head, lp=labial palpi. 7, A. encisoensis, head.

Figs. 8–11. Asturodes stylized wing patterns, red circles indicate distinguishing patterns (see text and key). 8, A. junkoshimurae. 9, A. fimbriauralis. 10, A. bioalfae. 11, A. encisoensis.

Figs. 12–19. Asturodes male genitalia and phallus. 12–13, A. junkoshimurae, USNM slide #115489. 14–15, A. fimbriauralis, USNM slide #115491. 16–17, A. bioalfae, USNM slide #115493. 18-19, A. encisoensis, USNM slide #115502, #115504.

Figs. 20–23. Asturodes female genitalia. 20, A. junkoshimurae, USNM slide #115488. 21, A. fimbriauralis, USNM slide #115490. 22, A. bioalfae, USNM slide #115492. 23, A. encisoensis, USNM slide #115503.