Protoparamisophria biforaminis, Ohtsuka & Nishida & Machida, 2005

Ohtsuka, Susumu, Nishida, Shuhei & Machida, Ryuji J., 2005, Systematics and zoogeography of the deep-sea hyperbenthic family Arietellidae (Copepoda: Calanoida) collected from the Sulu Sea, Journal of Natural History 39 (27), pp. 2483-2514 : 2492-2497

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222930500087408
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E0481B-FFD7-FF89-D79F-53E2FE962A10
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Protoparamisophria biforaminis
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Protoparamisophria biforaminis n. sp.

( Figures 4–6 View Figure 4 View Figure 5 View Figure 6 )

Material examined

Adult female (holotype), collected from the central Sulu Sea (08 ° 57.319N, 120 ° 11.319E, 09 ° 03.829N, 120 ° 12.359E; wire out 3600 m; depth 0, 1516 m) with IKMT; 6–7 December 2002; appendages mounted on glass slides, and body proper in vial; NHM 2005.159 GoogleMaps .

Description

Female (holotype). Body ( Figure 4A, B View Figure 4 ) 2.28 mm, compact, plump; prosome about 2.6 times as long as urosome. Rostrum ( Figure 4C, D View Figure 4 ) narrowly pointed with two fine filaments (one missing in Figure 4C, D View Figure 4 ). Pediger 1 with ventrolateral corner produced posteriorly into rounded lobe, while pedigers 2 and 3 acutely pointed; prosomal posterior ends almost symmetrical, each produced into round lateral lobe reaching beyond half of genital double-somite and dorsolateral process acutely pointed. Urosome four-segmented; genital double-somite ( Figure 4E, F View Figure 4 ) asymmetrical, with longitudinal ridge on left side and paired, small papillae dorsolaterally; ventral surface with paired gonopores anteriorly ( Figure 4E, F View Figure 4 ; indicated by large arrowheads) and paired copulatory pores (indicated by small arrowheads) at mid-length; seminal receptacles asymmetrically arranged, packed with sperm; spermatophore remnant ( Figure 4G View Figure 4 ) tinged brownish, covering copulatory pores, and having paired, bulbous, well-chitinized ducts, each connected to copulatory pore; caudal rami symmetrical, fringed with long setules along inner margin; caudal seta I not visible.

Antennules ( Figure 4H–J View Figure 4 ) asymmetrical, with left about 1.3 times as long as right; first (I–III) to eighth (X) segments fringed with long setules along posterior margin (only scars remaining on some segments in Figure 4H, I View Figure 4 ). Left antennule ( Figure 4H, I View Figure 4 ) 22-segmented; fusion pattern and armature as follows: I–III57+2ae (ae missing), IV52, V52+ae, VI52+ae, VII52+ae, VIII52+ae, IX52+ae, X52 (one spiniform seta)+ae, XI52+ae, XII52+ae, XIII52+ae, XIV52 (one spiniform seta)+ae, XV52+ae, XVI52+ae, XVII52+ae, XVIII52+ae, XIX52+ae, XX52+ae, XXI52+ae, XXII51, XXIII51, XXIV–XXVIII512+2ae. Right antennule ( Figure 4J View Figure 4 ) with same fusion pattern and armature as left. Antenna ( Figure 5A View Figure 5 ) bearing basis with inner seta at inner distal corner; endopod two-segmented, first segment with seta at distal one-third length and patch of minute spinules distally; second segment with one naked, one serrate and one plumose setae subterminally, one short and five long setae terminally, and patch of minute spinules along outer margin; exopod indistinctly seven-segmented, with setal formula 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3 (one vestigial). Mandible ( Figure 5B, C View Figure 5 ) without patch of long setules on gnathobase; cutting edge with two patches of minute spinules and three teeth, dorsalmost bicuspid; endopod rudimentary, one-segmented, with one naked, short and one plumose, long setae terminally; exopod five-segmented, with setal formula 1, 1, 1, 1, 2; terminal setae well developed. Maxillule ( Figure 5D View Figure 5 ) with five naked spines and one process on praecoxal arthrite; coxal endite with short seta; coxal epipodite bearing eight setae; basal endite with minute seta; endopod one-segmented, bulbous, with three unequal setae, gradually increasing in size distally; exopod one-segmented, lamellar, bearing three terminal setae. Maxilla ( Figure 5E View Figure 5 ) stout; first praecoxal endite with two unequal spinulose setae and vestigial element; second praecoxal to second coxal endites each bearing two spinulose setae; basis relatively elongate; basal spine relatively long and naked; endopod foursegmented, with setal formula 1, 3, 2, 2, all bearing longitudinal row of fine spinules. Maxilliped ( Figure 5F View Figure 5 ) with syncoxa bearing one middle and two subterminal serrate setae, and terminal patch of short spinules and subterminal patch of long ones; basis shorter than syncoxa, with two subterminal serrate setae, patch of long setules midway, and longitudinal patch of spinules; first endopodal segment almost separate from basis, with serrate seta; second to fifth endopodal segments bearing four, four, three, and three setae, respectively; sixth endopodal segment with setae a and b not reduced.

Seta and spine formula of legs 1–4 ( Figure 6A–F View Figure 6 ) shown in Table II. Legs 1–4 with threesegmented rami. Leg 1 ( Figure 6A–C View Figure 6 ) with basis bearing row of spinules along endopodal base; all endopodal segments with outer distal corners acutely pointed, and with marginal row of setules ( Figure 6A, B View Figure 6 ); first exopodal segment with row of minute spinules at distal margin; outer spines on all exopodal segments strongly serrated ( Figure 6C View Figure 6 ). Inner distal corner of basis of legs 2–4 ( Figure 6D–F View Figure 6 ) acutely pointed, but most sharply produced in leg 4; outer distal corner of second endopodal segments of legs 2–4 produced distally into sharply pointed process reaching beyond base of proximal outer seta on third endopodal segment.

Leg 5 ( Figure 6G View Figure 6 ) slightly asymmetrical; coxae and intercoxal sclerite only partly coalescent; basis bearing thick, plumose seta at outer distal corner (left seta missing); endopod represented by acutely pointed process with one terminal and one subterminal plumose setae; exopod indistinctly three-segmented, with suture visible on both sides; first and second exopodal segments each bearing serrate spine, near base of which two processes present; third exopodal segment with proximal spiniform seta, subterminal serrate spine, and two terminal serrate spines.

Male. Unknown.

Remarks

The only specimen was collected with an IKMT originally deployed for collection of deepwater plankton and micronekton. However, the net must have accidentally touched the seabottom, because some sediment was found in the cod end after recovery. The asymmetrical antennules and stout outer spines on the legs of this new species strongly suggest that it is a truly hyperbenthic calanoid (cf. Bradford-Grieve 2002).

Etymology

The new specific name, biforaminis (Latin bi meaning two; Latin foraminis pore-bearing) alludes to the presence of paired copulatory pores on the female genital double-somite of the new taxon.