Actinopus simoi, Duniesky, 2019

Duniesky, Rios-Tamayo, 2019, Four new species of Actinopus (Mygalomorphae: Actinopodidae) from Uruguay, Zootaxa 4624 (4), pp. 523-538 : 530-533

Actinopus simoi sp. nov.

( Figs 6 , 7 , 10 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9ECF08C7-59B6-4B09-8769-B9CAFA1F0042

Type material: Uruguay: Maldonado. Holotype ♂: Cerro San Antonio [34°52′S 55°16′W], 15 February 1980, M. Estoll ( MNHN 1310 ) . Paratype ♀: San Carlos [34°48′S 54°55′W], 9 January 1978, R. Capocasale ( MNHN 1281 ) .

Other material examined. Uruguay: Maldonado: Sierra de Animas [34°45′S 55°19′W], E. García & J. Ro- dríguez, 10 January 1971, 1♀ ( MNHN 632 ) ; Canelones: Balneario Solis [34°47′S 55°23′W], A. Leep, 1 December 1974, 1♂ ( MNHN 666 ) .

Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honor of Dr. Miguel Simó Núñez, for his contributions to the knowledge of Uruguayan spiders.

Diagnosis. Males of A. simoi differ from those of all other species by the dark body colour; they resemble those of A. liodon but differ in leg coloration, with red metatarsi-tarsi and palp tibiae ( Fig. 6E ); they can by recognized by a chelicerae prolongation without cuspules (like A. liodon and A. longipalpis ). Males also differ from those of A. longipalpis by their copulatory bulb shape ( Fig. 6 F–H). Females can be distinguished from those of other species by the shape of their spermathecae ( Fig. 7F, G ) with a small external lobe, similar to that of A. insignis but differ by their booklung with dark markings and a longer sternum.

Description. ( Fig. 6 ). Male holotype (MNHN 1310). Total length: 12.20. Carapace ( Fig. 6A ): length 5.80, width 5.50; cephalic region: length 3.40, width 4.20; clypeus small, 11 bristles between PME, 4 behind each PME- PLE, 4 bristles and one larger on both sides of ocular group. Fovea: length 1.00, width 2.50. Eyes, diameters and interdistances: AME 0.26 (large), ALE 0.32, PME 0.16, PLE 0.32, ocular group length 0.90, anterior width 2.60, 2.38 posterior width; AME-ALE 0.69, PME-PLE 0.16, AME-PME 0.37, ALE-PLE 0.42, AME-AME 0.21. Chelicerae: length 2.60, width 1.30; cheliceral apex with 12 recumbent and elongated bristles which cover fang base. Cheliceral prolongation without cuspules. Cheliceral furrow ( Fig. 6C ) with 6 large promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth (small one between 3th–4th and 4th–5th) and 10 denticles, near promarginal teeth. Labium: length 0.90, width 1.10. Maxillae: anterior length 1.50, posterior length 2.20, width 1.40. Sternum: Center flat ( Fig. 6B ): length 4.00, maximum width 3.20, minimum width 1.10. Postlabial sigilla shallow, posterior sigilla well defined. Abdomen (very compressed due to poor preservation): length ~ 5.40, large, covered by bristles. Spinnerets compressed. Lengths of legs and palp: I: 5.50, 2.20, 3.10, 3.80, 2.20, 16.80. II: 5.50, 2.20, 3.10, 3.80, 2.00, 16.60. III: 4.20, 2.20, 2.50, 4.50, 2.00, 15.40. IV: 5.50, 2.50, 4.50, 4.50, 2.50, 19.50. Palp: 5.50, 2.60, 4.20,–, 1.40, 13.70. Chaetotaxy: Femora: I–IV, 0. Patellae: I–II: 0; III, 35 P SUP-D ANT + 10 on margin, 1-1-1-1 D (2:3 B), 7 R A + 11 on margin; IV, 54 P SUP- D ANT. Tibia: I, 1-1- 3 V (1:2 A); II, 1-2-2-3-4-2-3 R, 1-2-1- 3 V; III, 1 P, 1 D (1:2 B), 1-1 R (1:3 A), 1- 4 V A, with apical crown of 19 thorns; IV, 1-1-2 P, 1-1-2- 3 V. Metatarsi: I, 1-0-1- 1 V ANT, 2-2-1-1- 2 V POST; II, 1-1- 2 V ANT, 2-1-2-1-2-2-1- 4 V POST; III, 1-3-1-2-1-1-3 P, 1 D A, 2-2-2-1-1-3-3-4 D POST-R SUP, 2-3-3-1-1-1-2- 2 V; IV, 1-2-2- 2-2-1-3 P, 2-1-1-1- 4 V. Tarsi: I, 1-1-1-1 P INF, 16 R INF; II, 2-1-1-1-2-2-1 P INF, 19 R INF; III, 12 P INF, 18 R INF; IV, 20 P INF, 13 R A. Total number of retrolateral spines on tibiae I, II ( Fig. 6D ): 0 and 17, respectively. Palp: tibiae short, thickened ( Fig. 6E ). Bulb ( Fig. 6 F–H) with ATA and BTA developed, embolus with series of denticles at base. Scopulae: Tarsi: I–II, sparse 1:2 apical; III–IV, dense, uniform. Metatarsi: IV sparse 1:4 A. Trichobothria: Tibiae: I–II 4-3; III 5-4; IV 6-5. Metatarsi: I–II 10; III 8; IV 7. Tarsi: I 9; II 7; III 9; IV 7. Color: carapace and chelicerae black. Abdomen dark brown; booklungs with dark markings. Sternum, labium and maxillae dark reddish brown. Legs like carapace with lighter tarsi-metatarsi; palp with lighter tibiae.

Female paratype (MNHN 1281). Total length: 16.20. Carapace ( Fig. 7A ): length 6.40, width 6.30; with 12 bristles on each posterior margin; cephalic region: length 3.70, width 5.30; clypeus small with 18 bristles, 9 on chillum; 12 bristles between PME and 4 behind each PME-PLE, 6 bristles and one larger on both sides of ocular group. Fovea: length 1.20, width 3.00. Eyes, diameters and interdistances: AME 0.21, ALE 0.42, PME 0.21, PLE 0.26, ocular group 1.06, anterior width 3.55, 3.34 posterior width; AME-ALE 1.06, PME-PLE 0.21, AME-PME 0.72, ALE-PLE 0.58, AME-AME 0.32. Chelicerae: Length 2.80, width 2.10, chelicerae apex with 12 recumbent and elongated bristles covering fang base. Rastellum with 11 marginal, blunt spines and 7 small dorsal. Cheliceral furrow ( Fig. 7C ) with 5 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth, and 10 denticles in furrow, near promargin. Labium: length 1.10, width 1.30, with 10 anterior cuspules. Maxillae: anterior length 2.10, posterior length 2.50, width 1.40, with 60 cuspules 1: 3 V ANT, expanding to anterior face. Sternum: Center flat (Fig, 7B), length: 5.30, maximum wide 4.20, minimum width 1.30. Postlabial sigilla deep, posterior sigilla shallow, well defined. Abdomen: length 11.00, covered by dark bristles. PMS: length 0.79; PLS with basal: medial: apical articles 0.79:0.42:0.26. Spigots: 2 large, 25 small on PMS; PLS, numbers of large (small) spigots on basal: medial: apical article 3(35):2(+20):0(~50). Lengths of legs and palp: I: 3.40, 2.40, 1.60, 2.20, 1.10, 10.70. II: 3.40, 2.50, 1.60, 2.30, 1.10, 10.90. III: 3.00, 2.70, 1.20, 2.50, 1.00, 10.40. IV: 4.00, 2.80, 2.50, 2.70, 0.80, 12.80. Palp: 3.20, 2.20, 2.20,–, 2.50, 10.10. Chaetotaxy: All femora: 0. Patellae: I–II, 0; III, 20 P A + 13 on the margin, 25 R A + 14 on the margin; IV, 71 P SUP-D ANT; palp, 1-1- 1 p. Tibiae: I, 5-11 R, 1/1- 1 V POST; II, 85 R; III, 1 D B, with apical crown of 19 thorns and 6 apical (at apex, anterior to crown), 50 R; IV, 0; palp, 1-1-1 P INF, 1-1-1 p, 17 R INF. Metatarsi: I, 18 P INF, 1-1- 1 V POST, 24 R INF; II, 7 P INF, 12 R INF, 1-1- 2 V POST; III, 28 D ANT-P SUP, 50 on row D POST-R (more abundant R A); IV, 12 P INF, 1 D A. Tarsi: I, 9 P INF, 13 R INF, 1 V A; II, 12 P INF, 9 R INF, 1 V A; III, 22 R, 87 V-P; IV, 82 V-P; palp, 17 P INF, 28 R INF, 2 V A. Total number of retrolateral spines on tibiae I, II ( Fig. 7D ): 16 and 85, respectively. Trichobothria: Tibiae: I 4-5; II–III 6-4; IV 7-6. Metatarsi: I 11; II 10; III 9; IV 5. Tarsi: I 7; II 9; III 11; IV 5. Color: carapace, cephalic region, legs and chelicerae dark reddish brown. Abdomen brown; booklungs with dark markings ( Fig. 7D ). Sternum light reddish brown, darker labium and maxillae. Spinnerets dark.

Distribution. Currently known only from Maldonado province, but may be more widespread in southern Uruguay ( Fig.10 ).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Actinopus simoi sp. nov., (male holotype, Cerro San Antonio, MNHN 1310). A cephalothorax, dorsal view; B sternum, ventral view; C cheliceral furrow, denticles distribution; D right tibia II, retrolateral view; E right palp, retrolateral view; F–H copulatory bulb, three different views. Scale bars: 1mm.

FIGURE 7. Actinopus simoi sp. nov., (female paratype, San Carlos, MNHN 1281). A cephalothorax, dorsal view; B sternum, ventral view; C cheliceral furrow, denticles distribution; D dark lung marks, ventral view; E left tibia II, retrolateral view; F–G spermathecae; F female from Sierra de Animas (MNHN 632); G female paratype. Scale bars: 1mm.

FIGURE 10. Known distribution of Actinopus species in Uruguay.Additional records (in Argentina) for A. gerschiapelliarum, A. insignis, A. longipalpis and A. puelche, are given in Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff (2018, figs 44, 45).