Tristagma patagonicum (Baker) Traub (1963: 61)

Arroyo-Leuenberger, Silvia C. & Sassone, Agostina B., 2016, An annotated checklist of the genus Tristagma (Amaryllidaceae, Allioideae), Phytotaxa 277 (1), pp. 21-35 : 30-31

9. Tristagma patagonicum (Baker) Traub (1963: 61)

Bas.: Milla patagonica Baker (1871: 382) ≡ Brodiaea patagonica (Baker) Baker (1896: 459) . Type (lectotype designated here):—Patagonia. Capt. Middleton (K 000098750!).

= Brodiaea patagonica Spegazzini (1897: 576) comb. inval. = Triteleia patagonica Spegazzini (1902: 173) . ≡ Brodiaea spegazzinii Macloskie (1904:304) ≡ Ipheion spegazzinii (Macloskie) Traub, (1953: 69) ≡ Tristagma spegazzinii (Macloskie) Traub (1963: 61) . Type (lectotype, desgnated here):— ARGENTINA. Santa Cruz. Río Santa Cruz, 1882, Spegazzini s.n. (LPS 11668!; isolectotype LP 004240!). Fig. 4B .

= Triteleia patagonica Speg. var. angustiloba Speg. (1902: 173) . Type (lectotype, designated here):— ARGENTINA. Chubut, Trelew, Basaldua s.n. ( LPS 11742 !; isolecotype LP 004242 !).

= Tristagma viridior (Killip) Traub (1963: 61) . Bas.: Brodiaea viridior Killip (1926: 566) = Ipheion viridius (Killip) Traub (1953: 69) . Type:— ARGENTINA. Río Negro. Vecinity of General Roca, Río Negro valley: altitude 250 to 360 m, 28 September 1914, W. Fischer 22 (holotype US 704305!; isotype SI 000452!).

= Tristagma atreucoense Ravenna (2001: 27) syn. nov. Type:— ARGENTINA. Neuquén: Dto: Minas , Laguna del Atreuco , lomadas, 2300- 2400 m.s.m., 2 February 1964, Boelcke et al. 11542 (holotype BAB; isotypes BAA!, SI 00448 !).

= Tristagma malalhuense Ravenna (2001: 29) syn. nov. Type:— ARGENTINA. Mendoza: Laguna Diamante, 15 January1952, L. Serra 87 (holotype LP 004257!).

= Tristagma nahuelhuapinum Ravenna (2001: 28) syn. nov. Type:— ARGENTINA. Rio Negro: Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Lago Gutiérrez, costa N, 11 October 1974, C. Richencq 184 (holotype SI 000451!).

Notes: — The prologue and types of the species treated as synonyms are indistinguishable from T. patagonicum . In the original description, Ravenna stated that T. nahuelhuapinum can be characterized by the number of ovules per locule (23). After studying more than 300 specimens of Tristagma we conclude that this feature is too variable within species to be used as a diagnostic character. Furthermore, one of the specimens cited as paratype (Hicken 13539) was identified by Ravenna (in 2003) as T. malalhuense (= T. patagonicum ), reinforcing our view that it is synonymous with T. patagonicum . According to Ravenna (2001), T. patagonicum is distributed in eastern Patagonia ( Argentina), while Tristagma spegazzinii inhabits border areas between Argentina and Chile (Andean region). This author argued that T. patagonicum and T. spegazzinii have to be treated as different species. However, Ravenna (2001) based his argument on the type of B. patagonica Speg. , quoting “Río Aysen ” ( Chile) as the type locality, but the type specimen of B. patagonica Speg. , according to the protologue, was collected in Rio Santa Cruz and Golfo San Jorge ( Argentina), invalidating his argument. Spegazzini also mentioned three syntypes in the label: “Rio Santa Cruz, anno 1874 (leg. C. Berg.) et anno 1882 (C.S.) in Golfo de San Jorge, Febr. 1896 (C.A.)”. From the cited material, we only find one of them (stored at LP, number of LPS 11668), which bears a label with the handwriting of Spegazzini, as “ Brodieae (Triteleia) patagonica, Habitat Santa Cruz ”. The only material identified as T. atreucoense and T. malalhuense grow at high elevations (2000–2500 m.a.s.l.) and present minimum morphological variation. The former species is smaller than the type material of T. patagonica , and the latter shows thinner tepals in contrast with the protologue and type specimen of Tristagma patagonicum . We believe that this morphological variation is not enough to separate them as different species. Other studies are being performed to corroborate this argument.

Iconography: — Ravenna, Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 11(2–3): 152. 1967. fig.3.; Guaglianone, Alliaceae , Flora de San Juan IV: 371. 2009. fig. 337.

Conservation status: — Least Concern (LC).

Uses: — Tristagma patagonicum has been used as a medicinal and edible species ( Molares & Ladio 2015).

Figures

FIGURE 4. A, Lectotype of Triteleia bivalvis Hook. ex Lindl CGE 06865. B, lectotype of Triteleia patagonica (LPS 11668, LP 004240). C, Photograph of T. gracile (by Giussani). D, Photograph of T. ameghinoi (by Zuloaga, F.). E, Photograph of T. bivalve (by Sassone).