Colletes altimontanus Ferrari & Silveira

Ferrari, Rafael R. & Silveira, Fernando A., 2015, The species of Colletinae (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, Zootaxa 3914 (3), pp. 245-274 : 249-257

Colletes altimontanus Ferrari & Silveira , sp. n.

Diagnosis. Colletes altimontanus sp. n. can be confused with C. petropolitanus , however they can be distinguished by the anterolateral angle of pronotum, which, in the former, is spiniform, at least as long as its basal width (in C. petropolitanus , the anterolateral angle is triangular, shorter than its basal width), and by the discs of T2–T5 covered by whitish tomentum (discs of T2–T5 without tomentum, in C. petropolitanus ). Colletes altimontanus is also a little similar to C. ornatus , but can be readily distinguished from it by the low, flat hypostomal carina (in C. ornatus , hypostomal carina is high and concave), by the mid-posterior region of mesoscutum with a small, smooth impunctate area (the impunctate area on mid-posterior region of mesoscutum in C. ornatus is substantially larger), and by the opaque, dark-brown tegula (in C. ornatus , tegula is translucent, pale-yellow). Colletes altimontanus is the only species known to occur in eastern South America that has a black integument covered by white pilosity, which gives it a greyish aspect.

♀♂—Labrum black, impunctate but with longitudinal sulci; clypeus with mid-longitudinal depression; hypostomal carina ordinary; mid-posterior region of mesoscutum with small smooth, impunctate area; ventral region of mesepisternum, near ventral end of episternal groove, normal, without swollen area surrounded by hairs; marginal zone of T1 flat.

♀—Malar area 0.65 times as long as interocellar distance; clypeus coarsely rugose; F1 distinctly longer than its apical width; gena, behind the upper eye margin, concave but not carinate posteriorly; anterolateral angle of pronotum spiniform, at least as long as its basal width; pilosity on mesoscutum composed of a mix of black and white hairs; pilosity on mesepisternum, ventrally, sparse; fore coxa without spine; inner spur of hind tibia serrate; punctation on T1 inconspicuous.

♂—Malar area 0.8 times as long as interocellar distance; clypeus without rugae; F1 slightly shorter than its apical width; gena, behind the upper eye margin, concave but not carinate posteriorly; anterolateral angle of pronotum spiniform, at least as long as its basal width; pilosity on mesoscutum composed of a mix of black and white hairs; pilosity on mesepisternum, ventrally, sparse; fore coxa without spine; inner spur of hind tibia serrate; punctation on T1 moderately coarse and dense, with more sparsely punctate disc; S7 as illustrated in Figures 6 A, 6B; genitalia as illustrated in Figures 7 A, 7B.

Description. Female (Holotype, Figs. 8 A, 8C, 8E):

Measurements (mm): Approximate body length 9.5; head width 3.1; head length 2.4; interocellar distance 0.52; ocellorbital distance 0.5; F1 0.27 x 0.21 (length x apical width); malar area 0.32 x 0.39 (length x width); intertegular distance 2.25; wing length 6.0; length of hind basitarsus 1.1.

Structure: Labrum with longitudinal sulci; clypeus with mid-longitudinal depression and coarse longitudinal rugae; hypostomal carina ordinary; gena, behind the upper eye margin, concave but not carinate posteriorly; anterolateral angle of pronotum spiniform, at least as long as its basal width; outer surface of hind basitarsum flat; inner tibial spur of hind leg serrate; lateral surface of propodeum rugose; marginal zone of T1 flat.

Body color: Predominantly black, except reddish brown on mandible apex, on postero-lateral margin of tegula, and on tarsi and tarsal claws; light brown on ventral surface of F3–F10 and marginal zones of T1–T5; dark-brown on wing veins; yellow on marginal zones of sterna, strigil, and tibial spurs.

Pilosity: Predominantly white, except: yellow on mandible, on margin and inner surface of fore tíbia, on inner surface of mid femur, on mid and hind tibiae, on tarsi and sterna (except marginal zones); black on frons (between ocelli and antennal sockets), on a line of fine, erect, regularly interspaced hairs along internal margin of eye, on vertex and on T6; on scattered hairs on mesoscutum, scutellum, metanotum and on T3–T5. On paraocular area, branched, dense and long, black hairs longer and sparser than white ones. On frons, dense and long; on preoccipital fringe, moderately dense and moderately long. On gena, along the superior margin of eye, short and moderately dense; along the inferior margin of eye, dense and long. On vertex, moderately dense and very long. On mesoscutum, whitish hairs moderately dense and very long; black hairs sparse and slightly longer. On scutellum and metanotum, whitish hairs moderately dense and moderately long; black hairs sparse and slightly longer. On mesepisternum, a dense tuft of white hairs (with few black ones intermixed), erect and moderately long below anterior margin of tegula; dense and long on disc; sparse and moderately short on venter. On metepisternum, dense and long. On propodeum, in lateral view, dense and short, with some very long hairs on anterior margin. On metapostnotum, dense and moderately long. On fore trochanter, moderately long and dense, intermixed with sparse and simple hairs. On fore femur, long and moderately dense. On fore tibia, simple, almost laden on integument, moderately sparse and short on external surface; erect and moderately long along the anterior margin. On fore basitarsus, simple, dense and short on internal surface; moderately long on external surface. On mid trochanter, moderately long, composed by sparse, simple hairs and by dense branched hairs. On mid femur, branched, dense and long on anterior margin; on ventral surface, basally, a brush of simple, short, light-brown setae delimited behind by a line of similar but longer hairs. On mid tibia, a line of branched, erect, moderately short hairs on basal half, and a tuft of short hairs on distal half on inner surface; simple, long and moderately sparse on external surface. On mid basitarsus, simple, thick, dense and moderately long on internal surface; sparser and longer on external surface. On hind coxa and trochanter, branched, moderately dense and moderately long. On hind femur, branched only apically, thick, dense and very long on internal surface; simple, moderately dense and moderately short on external surface. On hind tibia, simple, thick, dense and long on internal surface; slightly longer on external surface. On hind basitarsus, simple, thick, dense, moderately long on internal surface, with a line of very thick hairs on its apex; moderately sparse and slightly longer on external surface. On T1, branched, dense, moderately long laterally; moderately dense and very long on anterior margin; tomentose on apical margin. On T2, tomentose. On T3–T5, predominantly tomentose intermixed with black, sparse, simple, moderately short and erect hairs; branched, erect, moderately sparse and moderately long hairs laterally. On T6, simple, very dense and moderately short. On S2, branched only apically, moderately dense and moderately long on disc; simple and long on posterior margin; forming a band of erect, moderately dense and moderately short branched-hairs on marginal zone. On S3–S4, simple, sparse and short on anterior half; moderately dense and long on posterior half; forming a band of moderately dense and moderately short branched-hairs on marginal zone. On S5, simple, moderately dense and long, with a band of moderately sparse and moderately short branched-hairs on marginal zone. On S6, simple and long, restricted to mid-longitudinal band.

Punctation: Absent on labrum, on internal surface of fore and mid femurs, on internal surface of fore tibia, and on the disc of supraclypeal area and on anterior third of scutellum. On clypeus, very sparse, coarse and moderately deep. On scape, very sparse, fine and shallow. On paraocular area, very dense, moderately coarse and shallow on upper half; coarse and moderately deep on inferior half. On frons, dense, coarse and deep. On interocellar region, moderately coarse and deep. On vertex, very dense, moderately coarse and moderately deep; shallow, moderately fine and not as dense along the superior eye margin. On gena, moderately dense, moderately fine and shallow along the outer margin of the eye; moderately sparse, fine and shallow along the superior margin of the eye. On mesoscutum, very dense, very coarse and very deep on disc; sparse and finer on mid-posterior region. On mesepisternum, dense, very coarse and very deep anteriorly to episternal groove; not as dense posteriorly, near scrobe. On mesepisternum, moderately sparse, coarse and shallow on ventral surface. On metepisternum, very dense, coarse and very deep. On metapostnotum, fine and sparse. On propodeum, laterally, with few punctures moderately coarse and moderately deep. On T1, very sparse, minute and extremely shallow. On T2–T6, inconspicuous; on S2–S5, moderately sparse, puncture diameter equal to hair diameter, limited to the apical half of the sterna. On S6, very coarse and deep, mostly restricted to disc.

Male (paratype labeled as follows: “Abelhas Altimontanas; Pq. E. Ibitipoca; 11209-33164”. “Lima Duarte MG; BRASIL 29/09/2006; A.A.Azevedo” ♂ {UFMG}) ( Figs. 8 B, 8D, 8F):

Measurements (mm): Approximate body length 8.4; head width 3.2; head length 2.3; interocellar distance 0.49; ocellorbital distance 0.56; F1 0.26 x 0.22 (length x width); malar area 0.45 x 0.32 (length x width); intertegular distance 2.17; wing length 5.85; length of hind basitarsus 1.0.

Structure: As in female.

Body color: Predominantly black, except: reddish brown on mandible apex, tarsi and tarsal claws; light brown on ventral surface of F1–F7 and marginal zones of T1–T5; deep brown on wing veins; hyaline yellow on tibial spurs and strigil.

Pilosity: Predominantly white, except yellowish on mandible and on fore tibia and tarsus, on ventral surface of mid femur, on outer surface of mid tibia, on mid tarsus, on posterior margin of hind tibia, on inner surface of hind tarsus; black on longitudinal band on paraocular area, on frons (near antennal socket), on vertex and on T7; with isolated black hairs on lower margin of supraclypeal area, on scape, on upper area of mesepisternum, on mesoscutum, on metanotum and on T3–T6. The pilosity is similar to that of female, except: on paraocular area, much dense and very long, black pilosity as dense as white one. On supraclypeal area, apically, much dense and very long. On mesoscutum, white hairs long. On scutellum and metanotum, much long. On mesepisternum, tuft near tegula not so dense as in female; black sparse hairs on disc; plumose and moderately long on ventral area. On metepisternum, moderately long. On fore trochanter, branched and very long. On fore femur, dense and very long. On outer surface of fore basitarsus, sparse. On mid trochanter, branched. On hind femur, branched, erect, moderately dense and moderately long. On hind tibia, thin, moderately long and moderately sparse on outer surface. On T2–T5, integument not completely covered by tomentum. On propodeum, in lateral view, erect and long. On T7, simple, much dense and moderately long. On S2, branched, much long on disc. On S6, branched on marginal zone.

Punctation: Similar to that of female, except: on mid-longitudinal depression of clypeus, much dense, coarse and moderately deep on apical third; progressively sparser, fine and shallow basad. On supraclypeal area, much sparse on disc. On frons, very dense (space between punctures cariniform) below mid ocellus. On scape, dense apically. On vertex and gena, dense and coarse near superior eye margin. On T1, moderately sparse, moderately fine and shallow. On T2, dense and fine. On S6, fine, shallow and rather homogeneous.

Terminalia: Hemitergites of S7 much longer than wide, widely separated basally but gradually converging apically; both dorsal and ventral surfaces densely pilose, but with a glabrous area on mid-longitudinal band ( Figs. 6 A, 6B). S8 narrow on basal half, widening abruptly at middle area, but narrowing again towards apex. Gonobase distinctly rounded; gonocoxae subparallel; penis valve much longer than gonostylus, the latter blade-like ( Figs. 7 A, 7B).

Examined material. Holotype female: Labeled as follows—“Abelhas Espinhaço; Pq. E. do Rio Preto; 10146- 29742” “São Gonçalo do Rio Preto MG; BRASIL 19/10/2004; A.A.Azevedo” “ HOLOTYPUS; Colletes altimontanus ; Ferrari & Silveira, sp. nov.”. ♀ { UFMG}.

Type locality. Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Gonçalo do Rio Preto.

Paratypes: 50 specimens (28♀ and 22♂) from the following states and localities in Brazil — BAHIA - Abaeté, 14/10/1996, [E.L.Neves], 1♀ { UFMG}; 15/11/1996, [E.L.Neves], 1 ♀, { UFMG}; 30/11/1996, [E.L.Neves], 1 ♂, { UFMG}. MINAS GERAIS (see Fig. 9 ) - Belo Horizonte, Parque das Mangabeiras, 23/01/1997, [F.A.Silveira], 1♂, { UFMG}. Belo Vale, 26/07/1986, [G.A.R.Melo], 1♀ and 1♂, { MEUV}. Brumadinho, Parque Estadual da Serra do Rola-Moça, 09/11/2004, [A.A.Azevedo], 1♀ and 1♂, { UFMG}; 10/11/2004, [A.A.Azevedo], 1♀ and 1♂, { UFMG}; Serra da Moeda, 12/12/1997, [F.A.Silveira], 1♀, { UFMG}; [Oliveira &Almeida], 1♀, { UFMG}; [R.S.Oliveira], 1♀, { UFMG}; 27/12/1997, [E.A.B.Almeida], 1♂, { UFMG}; 21/03/1998, [F.A.Silveira], 1♀, { UFMG}; 29/03/1998, [F.A.Silveira], 1♀, { UFMG}; 26/04/1998, [Almeida&Guimarães], 2♀, { UFMG}; 23/05/ 1998, [F.A.Silveira], 1♀, { UFMG}; 25/07/1998, [F.A.Silveira], 1♂, { UFMG}; 10/01/1999, [F.A.Silveira], 1♀, { UFMG}; 18/12/1999, [E.F.Morato], 1♀, { UFMG}. Catas Altas, Serra do Caraça, 1380m, 11/1961, [Kloss, Lenko, Martins & Silva], 1♂, { MZUSP}. Itacambira, 11/03/2005, [R.B.Martins], 1♀, { UFMG}. Itamarandiba, Serra do Ambrósio, 29/07/1997, [F.A.Silveira], 1♂, { UFMG}. Lima Duarte, Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, 29/09/ 2006, [A.A.Azevedo], 4♂, { UFMG}; 18/03/2007, [A.A.Azevedo], 1♀, { UFMG}; 19/03/2007, [M.F.Goulart], 2♀ and 2♂, { UFMG}. Nova Lima, COPASA/Mutuca, 07/08/1999, [M.Pompeu], 1♂, { UFMG}; Parque Estadual da Serra do Rola-Moça, 16/11/2004, [N.G.Fonseca], 1♂, { UFMG}. Poços de Caldas, 11/1961, [C.Elias], 3♀, { DZUP}. São Gonçalo do Rio Preto, Parque Estadual do Rio Preto, 23/09/2003, [A.A.Azevedo], 1♀, { UFMG}; 19/10/2004, [A.A.Azevedo], 2♀, { UFMG}; 20/10/2004, [A.A.Azevedo], 2♀ and 1♂, { UFMG}; 08/05/2006, [A.A.Azevedo], 1♂, { UFMG}; 10/05/2006, [A.A.Azevedo], 1♀ and 1♂, { UFMG}. PERNAMBUCO - Municipality not informed, Parque Nacional Catimbau, 06/06/2008, [M.Silva], 1♀, { UFMG}; 09/09/2008, [M.Silva], 1♂, { UFMG}.

Geographic distribution. BRAZIL (Bahia, Minas Gerais [see Fig. 9 ] and Pernambuco).

Etymology. The name refers to the fact that the majority of the examined specimens were captured on top of mountain ranges, above around 1000 m elevation.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Sternum 7 (S 7) of Colletes. Dorsal view of S 7 of C. altimontanus Ferrari & Silveira, sp. n. (A), C. argentinus Friese, 1908 (C), C. meridionalis Schrokkty, 1902 (E), C. petropolitanus Dallta Torre, 1896 (G), C. rufipes Smith, 1879 (I), and C. rugicollis Friese, 1900 (K). Ventral view of S 7 of C. altimontanus (B), C. argentinus (D), C. meridionalis (F), C. petropolitanus (H), C. rufipes (J), and C. rugicollis (L).

FIGURE 7. Genitalia of Colletes. Dorsal view of genitalia of C. altimontanus Ferrari & Silveira, sp. n. (A), C. argentinus Friese, 1908 (C), C. meridionalis Schrokkty, 1902 (E), C. petropolitanus Dallta Torre, 1896 (G), C. rufipes Smith, 1879 (I), and C. rugicollis Friese, 1900 (K). Ventral view of genitalia of C. altimontanus (B), C. argentinus (D), C. meridionalis (F), C. petropolitanus (H), C. rufipes (J), and C. rugicollis (L).

FIGURE 8. Colletes altimontanus Ferrari & Silveira sp. nov. Holotype ♀: dorsal view (A), frontal view (C) and lateral view (E) Paratype ♂: dorsal view (B), frontal view (D) and lateral view (F).

FIGURE 9. Geographic records of Colletes altimontanus Ferrari & Silveira sp. n. in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.