Camarochilus confusus Harris

Weirauch, Christiane, Forero, Dimitri & Schuh, Randall T., 2020, Taxonomic revision of Camarochilus Harris (Hemiptera: Pachynomidae), American Museum Novitates 2020 (3959), pp. 1-32 : 14-16

Camarochilus confusus Harris

Figures 1 , 3 , 5–7 , table 1

Pachynomus (Camarochilus) confusus Harris, 1930: p. 243 (n. sp.).

Camarochilus confusus Harris : Carayon and Villiers, 1968: p. 733 (n. comb).

HOLOTYPE: Not examined.

REVISED DIAGNOSIS (figs. 1, 3, 5, 6): Recognized by the large body size, medium-sized eyes, brown, castaneous, and pale yellow coloration with faint veins, and strongly asymmetrical pygophore with right protuberance long and conical. Similar to C. americanus , but larger and with unique pygophore armature.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Total length ~ 9.3 mm. COLORATION: dorsum including corium castaneous, membrane brown with veins concolorous, dorsal laterotergites brown with triangular pale yellow marks; head brown with anteocular area lighter brown, first labial segment brown, remaining segments pale yellow, antenna darker yellow, legs light brown with femora dorso-distally and tibiae proximally suffused with brown, pleura brown, abdominal mediosternites brown, ventral laterotergites 2–6 with small pale yellow patches. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: as in generic description. STRUCTURE: Head ~1.6× as long as wide, eyes in dorsal view moderately large, shallow semiglobular, ratio head width to synthlipsis ~3.1, reniform in lateral view, dorsal eye margin barely reaching dorsal head surface. Antenna as in generic description, proximal pseudosegment of pedicel ~2× as long as scape. Labium as in generic description. Thorax as in generic description, anterior pronotal lobe ~5.6× longer than posterior lobe, posterior lobe narrow, finely punctate; scutellum with knobshaped tip. Wings as in generic description with two clearly delimited cells in membrane. Legs as in generic description with ratio forefemur height to length ~0.39. Abdomen as in generic description. Genitalia with pygophore strongly asymmetrical, right protuberance conical and long, left laterally rounded and dorsally flattened, right much larger than left, spinelike setae on right and left of similar size, right and left with less than 10 elongate spinelike setae; parameres stout, right larger than left, sickle-shaped with proximal area shorter than distal, proximal area with dense, stout, and short setae, distal area narrow, slowly tapering to apex.

Female: As in generic description, macropterous, total length ~ 9.5 mm, ratio total length to corium width ~3.5, ratio forefemur height to length ~0.38. Genitalia: as in generic description.

DISTRIBUTION: Known from the states of Minas Gerais and Pará in Brazil .

DISCUSSION: The two specimens examined by Harris (1930) are syntopic (“Santarem, Brazil ”). Harris provided measurements as “Length, 9.2–9.8 mm; width, 3.3–3.42 mm. ” We assume that the smaller number refers to the male holotype, the larger to the female paratype, which would be fairly consistent with the measurements we have taken. Harris (1930) separated this species from C. americanus based on the slightly larger size, longer forefemora with dark coloration extending over most of the femur, a deeper median pronotal groove with a “distinct zigzag line along its bottom” and a longer posterior pronotal lobe. Our measurements indicate that the forefemur is indeed somewhat longer (ratio height to length) than in C. americanus ; given the subtlety of this feature, we do not use it as one of the main diagnostic features to separate the two species. We failed to identify solid diagnostic features from the shape and ornamentation of the median groove of the anterior pronotal groove (considerable variability within species) and discourage its use in identifying species of Camarochilus . Similarly, the relative dimensions of the anterior and posterior pronotal lobes are too similar in C. americanus and C. confusus to be of species diagnostic value (see table. 1 for details). Males are easily distinguished by the strikingly different pygophore protuberances and their ornamentation. Based on the examined specimens, the distribution ranges of the two species are also distinct (fig. 7).

PARATYPE: BRAZIL: Pará: Santarem , 2.4333°S 54.7°W, Acc. No. 2966, Unknown, 1♀ ( UCR _ ENT 00027099 ) ( USNM) .

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais: Ponte Nova , 20.41174°S 42.897°W, 442 m, Nov 1965, M. Alvarenga, 1♂ ( UCR _ ENT 00026327 ) ( USNM) . Pará: unknown, no date provided, Baker, 1♀ ( UCR _ ENT 00046696 ) ( CAS) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Camarochilus spp. Multiple male and female specimens are documented for C. americanus Harris to visualize intraspecific variation; one male and one female specimen (where available) are illustrated for other species. Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIGURE 3. Lateral habitus of Camarochilus spp. Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIGURE 5. Male and female genitalia of Camarochilus spp.: A–C, male abdomen and pygophore, ventral view; D–G, pygophore in situ, caudal (D–F) or dorsal (G) view; H–J, dissected pygophore, dorsal view. A, C. americanus (UCR_ENT 00021720); B, C. harrisi, n. sp. (UCR_ENT 00026326); C, C. picturatus, n. sp. (UCR_ENT 00078394); D, C. gilli, (UCR_ENT 00044348); E, C. picturatus (UCR_ENT 00078394), F, C. robustus, n. sp. (UCR_ENT 00026325); G, C. americanus (UCR_ENT 00021720); H, C. harrisi (UCR_ENT 00027097); I, C. globosus, n. sp. UCR_ENT 00021721); J, C. medius, n. sp., UCR_ENT 00046695. Abbreviations: ao, anterior opening of pygophore; br, sclerotized bridge between anterior and posterior opening of pygophore; gap8, 9, gonapophyses 8 and 9 (= valvula 1 and 2); gcx8, 9, gonocoxa 8 and 9 (valvifer 1 and 2); gpl, gonoplac (= styloid, valvula 3); lpa, left paramere; pg, pygophore; pgpl, left protuberance on pygophore; pgpr, right protuberance on pygophore; po, posterior opening of pygophore (hidden beneath proctiger); pt9, paratergite 9; pt, proctiger; s3–8, mediosternites 3–8; sc, scape; rpa, right paramere; t8–10, mediotergites 8 to 10; tr3–9, trichobothria on abdominal segments 3–9.

FIGURE 6. Pygophore of Camarochilus spp. in dorsal view, illustrating species-diagnostic differences in pygophore symmetry, size, shape, and degree of asymmetry of pygophore protuberances, and ornamentation as well as paramere shape for all species with known males. Abbreviations: lpa, left paramere; pgpl, left protuberance on pygophore; pgpr, right protuberance on pygophore; pt, proctiger; rpa, right paramere.

FIGURE 7. Distribution records of Camarochilus spp. examined. Some specimens were not mapped due to ambiguous localities. Camarochilus harrisi not mapped.