Cerithiopsis, Forbes & Hanley, 1850

Pimenta, Alexandre Dias, Faria, Raquel Garofalo De Souza, Figueira, Raquel Medeiros Andrade & Fernandes, Maurício Romulo, 2024, Unraveling another of the ‘ Big Fiveʹ: new species and records of Cerithiopsidae from Brazil (Caenogastropoda: Triphoroidea), Zootaxa 5494 (1), pp. 1-71 : 15-16

Cerithiopsis io Dall & Bartsch, 1911

( Fig. 4 )

Cerithiopsis io Dall & Bartsch, 1911: 285, pl. 35, fig. 3.

Cerithiopsis io: Reed & Mikkelsen (1987: 121, not figured); Barros (1994: 44, not figured); Rolán et al. (2007: 6, figs. 9–12, 60, 95 [lectotype designation]); Espinosa et al. (2007: 75, not figured); Redfern (2013: 140: fig. 402); Cecalupo & Perugia (2020: 17: pl.4 figs. 3a–c, 4a–c, pl. 29 figs. c–h).

Type material. Lectotype (designated by Rolán et al. 2007): USNM 221615 .

Type locality. Bermuda .

Material examined. Brazil: -- Alagoas state: 02/ii/2011: CMPHRM 3047B [1]; -- Bahia state: Morro de São Paulo, Praia de Garapuá , 2011: MZSP 101257 [1 lv], MZSP 100879 [2 lv]; -- Rio de Janeiro state: Praia de João Fernandinho , Búzios , 6 m, M. Fernandes coll., 04/ii/2021: MNRJ 61110 [1 lv]; Praia Azeda, Búzios , 6 m, M. Fernandes coll., 05/ii/2021: MNRJ 61124 [1 lv]; RAP IG sta. 3: UERJ 3614 [1]; RAP IG sta. 4: UERJ 4675 [10], UERJ 4001 [7]; RAP IG sta. 5: UERJ 5887 [2]; RAP IG sta. 12: UERJ 5661 [8]; RAP IG sta. 13: UERJ 4630 [1]; RAP IG sta. 20: UERJ 5852 [1]; RAP IG sta. 21: UERJ 5801 [10]; RAP IG sta. 24: UERJ 4932 [1]; RAP IG sta. 31: UERJ 5177 [5]; RAP IG sta. 32: UERJ 5611 [7]; RAP IG sta. 34: UERJ 5237 [1]; RAP IG sta. 35: UERJ 3640 [1]; -- São Paulo state: Praia do Pecê, Ilha Santo Amaro, Guarujá : MZSP 81013 [25]; -- Paraná state: Ilha dos Ratos , de Fiore coll.: MZSP 52127 [11].

Remarks. Redfern (2001) listed Cerithiopsis io Dall & Bartsch, 1911 as a synonym of C. lata , but he later considered it a valid species ( Redfern 2013), following Rolán et al. (2007), who designated the shell in USNM 221615 as the lectotype. Rolán et al. (2007) distinguished both species mainly due to the colored spiral band of C. io being restricted to the adapical spiral cord, as well as some minor differences in the size of nodules.

Barros (1994) recorded C. io from Pernambuco (northeastern Brazil), but without illustrations, and the material could not be tracked for examination. However, examination of lots in Brazilian collections as well as recent samplings confirmed that C. io occurs in Brazil ( Fig. 4 ), based on shells very similar to those figured by Rolán et al. (2007) from Cuba, in which the coloured spiral band is restricted to the adapical row of nodules in each teleoconch whorl. In C. lata , the coloured band extends to the median row of nodules, in a variable degree in different specimens. In some cases, as the holotype of C. lata , such feature is not visible in the frontal view of the shell, but in the dorsal one ( Fig. 3B ). Besides that, C. io has an often smaller and ovoid shell shape. Preliminary genetic results corroborate this distinction in specimens from Brazil (Fernandes et al., in prep.).

Geographic and bathymetric distribution. Cerithiopsis io is recorded from the Warm Temperate Northwest Atlantic (Florida, Bermuda, Bahamas, Guadeloupe, Martinique). From Brazil, it is herein confirmed from the Tropical Southwestern Atlantic and Warm Temperate Southwestern Atlantic Provinces, from Pernambuco to Paraná states. Littoral to 80 m ( Cecalupo & Perugia, 2020; this study).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Cerithiopsis lata (C. B. Adams, 1850). A–B: holotype, from Jamaica (MCZ 186134); C: holotype of Cerithiopsis buijsei De Jong & Coomans, 1988, from Curaçao/Aruba (ZMA 387069); D–E: shells from Bahia state (IBUFRJ 12912, IBUFRJ 12916, respectively); F: shell from Pernambuco state (MNHN); G–J, K–M: shells from Rio de Janeiro state (G–J: MNRJ 15405; K–M: MNRJ 33388); I–J: body whorl and detail of teleoconch sculpture of shell in H; L–M: protoconch and detail of sculpture of shell in K; N: protoconch of shell from Espírito Santo State (MNRJ 16263). Lengths of whole shells: A–B: 2.1 mm; C: 2.1 mm; D: 2.2 mm; E: 2.2 mm; F: 2.0 mm; G: 2.0 mm; H: 2.1 mm; K: 2.3 mm. Scale bars:A–H, K: 1 mm; I–J: 200 µm; L–N: 100 µm. Horizontal line indicates that the two images are from the same shell.

FIGURE 4. Cerithiopsis io Dall & Bartsch, 1911. A–B, E–H: shell from Rio de Janeiro state (A–B: MNRJ 61124; E: MZSP 46336; F–H: UERJ 4675); C–D: shells from São Paulo state (MZSP 81013); G–H: body whorl and protoconch of shell in F. Lengths of whole shells: A–B: 2.7 mm; C: 2.7 mm; D: 2.4 mm; E: 1.9 mm; F: 2.0 mm. Scale bars: A–F: 1 mm; G: 500 µm; H: 100 µm. Horizontal line indicates that the two images are from the same shell.