Praelongorthezia praelonga (Douglas)

Vea, Isabelle M., 2014, Morphology of the males of seven species of Ortheziidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea), American Museum Novitates 2014 (3812), pp. 1-36 : 24-30

Praelongorthezia praelonga (Douglas)

Figures 3D , 9 , 10

Orthezia praelonga Douglas, 1891: 246–247 .

MATERIAL EXAMINED: COLOMBIA, Cerritos , Risarabla, on “Citrus leaves,” xii. 1997, F. Posada coll. ( BNHM, BM1999-7 ): 2/4 ad males (in good condition) .

DESCRIPTION (as for family description unless otherwise stated): Mounted material: Total body length 1.85–2.34 mm. Antennae, nearly 1.6 times total body length, except for last two segments. Lp each 7–8 µm wide, with mainly 3 loculi, sometimes 4 loculi, present on abdominal pleurites (absent on sternites and tergites), prothorax, and scutellum.

Head: Width and length 310 µm. Dorsally, midcranial ridge with one short branch medially, epicranium with (on each side) 4 hs all flagellate, but lp and mcp absent, preoral ridge dorsally long, extending posteriorly or fusing with postoccipital suture, with a short extension medially near each scape; postocular ridge strong dorsally, commencing from dorsal margin of each compound eye and extending posteroventrally along margin of neck. Laterally, compound eye about 140–200 µm long, with about 130 ommatidia; ocelli 30–40 µm wide. Ventrally, midcranial ridge strong and bifurcated posteriorly, ventral head present, with (on each side) 8–12 hs, 1–3 lp + 4–7 mcp. Antenna: Total length 3.31 mm (ratio of total body length to antennal length 1:1.6). Scape: 90–125 µm long, 75–90 µm wide, each with 3–7 short hs + 1–3 minute pores ventrally and 1 hs dorsally. Pedicel: length 70–83 µm, width 50–62 µm; with 2 fs, 1–4 hs, 1 or 2 minute pore ventrally + 1 (or rarely 2) campaniform sensillum. Segments III–IX with proximal segment 30–45 µm wide, apical segment 18–23 µm wide, with fs 35–40 µm long; lengths of segments (µm): III 371–458; IV 374–492; V 441–546; VI 462–567; VII 416–472 and VIII 345–377; approximate number of setae per segment: III–VIII with about 40–60 fs + 4–8 hs. Segment IX: length 250–444 µm; with about 60 fs + 1 strong terminal bristle, about 40 µm long; coeloconic sensilla not detected.

Thorax: Prothorax: Pronotal setae, with dorsally 1 hs anterior propleural setae anteriorly on shoulder; also with a group of posterior propleural setae and pores just anterior to each prealare, extending ventrally and joining antemesospiracular setae: 1 hs + 7–10 lp; median pronotal setae: 2 or 3 fs and about 5 lp. Ventrally, with 2–3 hs prosternal setae + 2 lp + 2 smp on each side. Mesothorax: dorsally, prescutum 130 µm long, 165 µm wide. Distance between prescutum and scutellum medially 110 µm; scutal setae: with about 2–4 hs medially posterior to prescutum. Scutellum 165 µm wide, 130 µm long; without setae but 4–6 lp + 4–8 smp. Laterally, tegula with 2 tegular setae. Mesothoracic spiracle: peritreme almost round, width about 35 µm. Ventrally, basisternum 400 µm wide, 220 µm long, with 6–10 hs basisternal setae. Metathorax: dorsally, metapostnotum with 2 metatergal setae. Dorsospiracular setae absent. Laterally, Metathoracic spiracle: peritreme almost round, width 30 µm. Ventrally, metasternum occasionally with 1 hs anterior metasternal seta and 2 hs posterior metasternal setae + 4 lp + 6 smp. Wings: Forewing 2.23 mm long, about 805 µm wide (ratio of length to width 1:0.36; ratio of total body length to wing length 1:1.1), with a line of at least 45–50 circular sensoria; hamulohaltere about 220 µm long, 25 µm wide; each with 2 apical hamuli, each 50 µm long. Legs: Coxae: I 140–160; II 140–171; III 140–171 µm long; coxa III with about 8 setae + 5 smp. Trochanter + femur: I 556–697; II 500–608; III 603–722 µm long; trochanter III with about 4 setae; femur III with about 55 setae + 17 smp. Tibiae: I 820–971; II 719–951; III 910–1088 µm; tibia III with a total of about 120 setae + 10 smp; each distal spur 26–30 µm long. Tarsi: I 200–256; II 219–268; III 200–279 µm long (ratio of length of tibia III to length of tarsus III 1:0.24); tarsus III with about 32 setae. Claws much longer than width of tarsus (each tarsus about 15 µm long), held at a distinct angle to tarsus, each with a small denticle; length III 60 µm; claw digitules both short and setose.

Abdomen: Segments I–VII: tubular ducts present in 2 lateral sclerotized plates (each about 140 µm long and 80 µm wide) on tergite VII, each duct 7 µm wide; ducts surrounded anteriorly by long flagellate setae (20 µm long). Dorsal abdominal setae and pores (totals): segments I–V 4 hs; VI 2 hs, lp absent dorsally; VII two sclerotized plates with about 20 hs and 40–45 tubular ducts on each plate, hs concentrated on anterior part of plates. Pleural setae: dorso- and ventropleural setae combined on each side: I–VII 4–6 hs + 6–10 lp + 15 smp. Ventral abdominal setae mostly rather like fleshy setae, each 36–43 µm long (totals): I 5–7 setae + 1 smp; II: 6–9 setae + 1 hs; III–VI: 10–14 setae, 1 hs; VII: 16–19 setae, lp absent ventrally. Abdominal spiracles present on pleurites I–VII, each peritreme about 10 µm wide. Segment VIII: tergite with 2 pairs of hs dorsal abdominal setae, about 70 small locular pores and many smp; sternite with 15–20 ventral abdominal setae but no pores; margin rounded, with 4 hs pleural setae. Genital segment: Anus 45 µm wide, with 6 short hs on tergite IX; sternite IX with a strong median ridge, with 6–10 setae + 1 or 2 smp on each side. Penial sheath: length without segment IX 200 µm, with segment IX 265 µm; greatest width 135 µm; ventrally and laterally with a group of 9–15 hs on each side of anterior end of penial sheath; without minute setae posteriorly on either surface near apex. Aedeagus length about 203 µm.

COMMENTS: This description is very similar to those of Orthezia sp. from Koteja (1986) and Hodgson and Foldi (2006). However, Praelongorthezia praelonga is here considered to have tergite VII divided into two sclerotized plates, each with a separate group of tubular ducts (fig. 3D).

Genus undetermined

Figure 11

MATERIAL EXAMINED: U.S.A., Georgia, Spalding county, greenhouse, on Sarracenia minor , 15. vii. 1976, H.H. Tippins coll.: 1/1 ad male (in good condition), deposited at the USNM. (Labeled as Orthezia ? graminicola ).

DESCRIPTION (as for family unless otherwise stated): Mounted material: Large, total body length 1.4 mm. Antennae nearly 1.3 times total body length, most segments approximately subequal in length. Lp each 9–12 µm wide, with 4–6 loculi; smp each about 1–2 µm wide, sparsely present throughout body. Abdomen with lp present only on pleurites; abdominal tergite VII with few tubular ducts.

Head: Shape as for family, wider than long, 285 µm wide, 264 µm long. Dorsally, dorsomedial part of epicranium with (on each side) 5 or 6 hs of rather variable length (20–30 µm), all flagellate, 3–6 mcp, lp absent. Laterally, compound eyes about 115 µm long, with about 110 ommatidia; ocelli 26–27 µm wide. Ventrally, ventromedial part of epicranium with (on each side) 6–9 hs, 2 or 3 lp + 1 or 2 mcp. Antenna: Total length 1.88 mm (ratio of total body length to antennal length 1:1.3). Scape: 80–84 µm long, 75–82 µm wide, each with 3 short hs + 1 or 2 minute pores ventrally and 1 hs + 1 minute pore dorsally. Pedicel: 64–68 µm long, 55–57 µm wide; each with 1 fs, 4 hs, 2 minute pores ventrally + 1 campaniform sensillum dorsally. Segments III–IX all shorter than other genera, those proximally about 37 µm wide, while apical segment only 18–24 µm wide: fs short, those on segment III 22–31 µm long, those on apical segment 27–35 µm long; lengths of segments (µm): III 263–279; IV 292–304; V 263–268; VI 243–271; VII 210–267 and VIII 176–199; approximate number of setae per segment: III–VIII with about 20–30 fs + 5–10 long capitate setae (about 50 µm); no bristlelike setae detected. Segment IX elongate, length 256 µm, with about 40 fs + 1 strong terminal but short bristle, about 15 µm long + 3 subapical capitate setae laterally near apex. Thorax: Prothorax: dorsally, posttergites each a small, lightly sclerotized, oval area situated mediolaterally. Pronotal setae: dorsally, 1 or 2 hs anterior propleural setae + 1 lp on shoulder; also with a group of posterior propleural setae and pores just anterior to each prealare, extending ventrally and joining antemesospiracular setae: 1 hs, 5 lp + 10 smp. Ventrally, prosternum with 2–4 hs prosternal setae + 3 lp + 2 smp on each side. Anteprosternal setae absent. Mesothorax: dorsally, prescutum 120 µm long, 170 µm wide, without prescutal setae or pores. Distance between prescutum and scutellum medially 68 µm; scutal setae: with about 4 hs + 9 minute pores medially posterior to prescutum and with 1 hs near each lateral margin. Scutellum 152 µm wide, 105 µm long, without setae and lp but with 3 smp. Laterally, tegula with 3 hs tegular setae + 2 smp. Mesothoracic spiracle: peritreme almost round, width about 30 µm. Ventrally, basisternum, 434 µm wide, 195 µm long, with 10–12 hs basisternal setae distributed more or less throughout. Metathorax: dorsally, metatergal setae in a diffuse band of 1 or 2 hs. Dorsospiracular setae: 1 hs + 4 lp + 5 smp. Laterally, metathoracic spiracle: peritreme almost round, width 30 µm. Ventrally, metasternum with 2 hs + 3–5 smp on each side; occasionally with 2 hs anterior metasternal seta and 2 hs posterior metasternal setae + 4 smp. Wings: Forewings 1.6 mm long, about 550 µm wide (ratio of length to width 1:0.33; ratio of total body length to wing length 1:1.17), with subcostal ridge extending to less than ¾ of wing length, cubital ridge starting 1/8 of wing base; without alar setae but with a line of at least 27–31 circular sensoria along posterior margin of subcostal ridge, latter extending to 2/3 of total wing length. Hamulohalteres each about 212–247 µm long, 35–40 µm wide, with 2 apical hamuli, each 40–50 µm long. Legs: fs not separable from hs. Coxae: I 130–136; II 143–147; III 140-148 µm long; coxa III with about 7 setae + 5 smp. Trochanter + femur: I 450–457; II 406–416; III 457–459 µm long; trochanter III with about 3–5 setae; each trochanter with 3 campaniform sensilla arranged in a line on each side; femur III with about 55 hs + 11 smp. Tibiae: I 565–567; II 504–512; III 633 µm; tibia III with a total of about 70 hs, these becoming spurlike on distal 1/2 to 2/3 on ventral side + 7 smp; each distal spur 25–30 µm long. Tarsi: I 182; II 174–182; III 185–189 µm long (ratio of length of tibia III to length of tarsus III 1:0.3); tarsus III with about 25 hs, mainly spurlike. Claws fairly long and thin, much longer than width of tarsus (each tarsus about 20 µm wide); length: III 48 µm; claw digitules both short and spinose.

Abdomen: Segments I–VII: Lp entirely absent from tergites and sternites, a few present on all pleurites. Tubular ducts present across tergite VII, each duct 10 µm wide, 15 µm deep. Dorsal abdominal setae and pores (totals): segments I–V 2 hs; VI 2 hs + 2 smp; VII about 20 hs and 8 tubular ducts. Pleural setae: dorso- and ventropleural setae combined on each side: I–VII 2 hs + 2–4 lp + 2–5 smp; some setae rather long, up to 40 µm. Ventral abdominal setae mostly rather like fs, each 36–43 µm long (totals): I 5 fs; II 9 or 10 fs; III–VI 10 fs, 3 or 4 smp; VII about 15 fs + 4 smp. Abdominal spiracles present on anterodorsal part of pleurites I–VII, each peritreme about 10 µm wide. Segment VIII: tergite without hs; about 35 small locular pores (different from typical lp) and many smp; sternite with 10 ventral abdominal hs but pores absent; margin rounded, with 2 hs pleural setae, 0 lp + 0–2 smp. With a pair of abdominal spiracles similar to those on more anterior abdominal segments. Genital segment: Anus large (35 µm wide), sclerotized area along anterior margin with 1 or 2 hs. Penial sheath as broad as posterior margin of abdominal segment VIII, length without segment IX 154 µm, with segment IX 209 µm; greatest width 100 µm; ventrally and laterally with a group of 5 hs on each side of anterior end of penial sheath; without minute setae posteriorly, on either surface near apex. Aedeagus about 160 µm.

COMMENTS: This single specimen was assigned to Orthezia ? graminicola based on an adult female with different collection information. This specimen, however, displays several unusual features not found in Orthezia species, namely: (1) very few tubular ducts on tergite VII, with very short setae (2) locular pores completely absent on both tergites and sternites, which also have very few setae; (3) legs with notably few setae, and (4) antennae with long capitate setae, a character not previously observed in Ortheziidae .

Figures

FIGURE 3. Confocal microscope images of the last abdominal and genital segments in the males of four genera in the Ortheziidae, from specimens mounted in Canada balsam. A. Dorsal surface of Graminorthezia graminis (Tinsley), uncleared specimen. B. Lateral side of Insignorthezia insignis (Browne), cleared specimen. C. Dorsal surface of Orthezia newcomeri Morrison, cleared specimen. D. Dorsal surface of Praelongorthezia praelonga (Douglas), cleared specimen. Abbreviations: abs, abdominal spiracle; ae, aedeagus; lhs, long hair seta; lp, loculate pore; ps, penial sheath; pss, penial sheath seta; slp, small locular pores; stnVIII, sternite VIII; stnIX, sternite IX; tbd, tubular duct; tbdp, tubular duct plate. Scale: 100 µm.

FIGURE 9. Praelongorthezia praelonga (Douglas). Adult male. A. Antennal apical seta. B. Tibiotarsal connection. C. Claw. D1. Loculate pore with three loculi. D2. Loculate pore with four loculi. E. Tubular ducts with two types of peripheral setae, F. Small locular pores. G. Penial sheath.

FIGURE 10. Details of cuticular structures on the abdomen of Praelongorthezia praelonga (Douglas) from CLSM. A. Small locular pores on tergite VIII. B. Loculate pores on pleurite. C. Tubular pores on tergite VII. Scale bar: 20 µm.

FIGURE 11. Genus undetermined. Adult male. A. Antennal apical seta. B. Tibiotarsal connection. C. Claw. D1. Loculate pore with four loculi. D2. Loculate pore with six loculi. E. Tubular duct with pheripheral setae. F. Small locular pore.