Trivalvaria
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in Thailand
With the addition of these new species, Thailand now appears to be the centre of
Trivalvaria species
diversity. The Thai species, along with
T. pumila
from Peninsular Malaysia, are distinguished in the following key.
Trivalvaria pumila
occurs throughout Peninsular Malaysia and may be expected in Thailand. Ridley (1915) reported it from Thailand as
Ellipeia pumila King (1892: 27)
from the Koh Samui and Koh Pennan [= Pha-ngan] region on the basis of a collection by H.C. Robinson. We cannot locate his specimen. We consider
T. pumila
a distinct species, as distinguished in the key, but van Heusden (1997) treated it a synonym of
T. dubia
, and Turner (2009) considered
T. pumila
a synonym of
T. costata
. In the material we studied,
T. pumila
was most similar to
T. stenopetala
.
Trivalvaria costata
and
T. dubia
are treated as distinct species here.
Trivalvaria costata
s.str. ( Fig. 3D,E
View FIGURE 3
) is widespread in southeastern and Peninsular Thailand. The type of
Trivalvaria dubia
is from the Andaman Islands. Specimens resembling the type of
T. dubia
in their rounded petals and hairy anther connectives have been collected in Phuket Province in Peninsular Thailand ( Fig. 3F,G
View FIGURE 3
); these have slightly different indument and leaf shape from
T. dubia
s.str.; additional material is required to determine if they represent a distinct taxon. One of these specimens was used in the molecular phylogenetic analysis by Chaowasku et al. (2020, as “
Trivalvaria sp. 1
). Both the Andaman and Thai specimens are clearly distinct from
T. costata
s.str.
The dome formed by the connivent inner petals in
T. costata
has led to confusion of this species with
T. macrophylla
; the latter has larger flowers with dense silky pubescence on the inner petals and a greater number of carpels and monocarps ( Fig. 3A–C
View FIGURE 3
).