NOTACANTHIFORMES

Datovo, Aléssio & Vari, Richard P., 2014, The adductor mandibulae muscle complex in lower teleostean fishes (Osteichthyes: Actinopterygii): comparative anatomy, synonymy, and phylogenetic implications, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (3), pp. 554-622 : 610

NOTACANTHIFORMES

Monophyly of the Notacanthiformes has been support- ed to date by relatively few characters (see Forey et al., 1996). At least one derived condition of the adductor mandibulae in the Notacanthiformes can be hypothesized to be a synapomorphy for the order: [3] the complete separation of the promalaris from the remaining muscle sections ( Fig. 8B ; Greenwood, 1977). Similar arrangements have been observed only in some phylogenetically distant groups within the Holacanthopterygii – specifically the Percopsiformes, Gadiformes , Ophidiiformes, and some Blenniiformes and Tetraodontiformes. All remaining examined teleosts have a promalaris that is either undifferentiated, or only partially separated ( Figs 7B , 9A ) from the adjoining muscle sections.

Figures

Figure 7. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Albula vulpes (Albuliformes: Albulidae), LIRP 7427 (189.3 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views; ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve removed. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis.

Figure 8. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Halosaurus pectoralis (Notacanthiformes: Halosauridae), USNM 317567 (518 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; BPM, buccopalatal membrane; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis; RMT, ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve.

Figure 9. Adductor mandibulae and associated structures of Anguilla reinhardti (Anguilliformes: Anguillidae), USNM 311978 (182.4 mm standard length). Left side in (A) lateral and (B) medial views; ramus mandibularis trigeminus nerve removed. Arrow indicates attachment of fibres of the pars rictalis onto the preangulo-paramaxillar ligament. Abbreviations: AM, adductor mandibulae; IA, intersegmental aponeurosis.