Hymenodora glacialis, Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean Martin, 2003

Martin, Joel W. & Haney, Todd A., 2005, Decapod crustaceans from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps: a review through 2005, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (4), pp. 445-522 : 472

HYMENODORA GLACIALIS ( BUCHHOLZ, 1874)

Type locality: Arctic Ocean , off Greenland, north of Jan Mayen Island; ∼ 74°N, 7°W.

Known range: Reported from the Sea of Okhotsk and the Bering Sea south to the Gulf of Panama in the Pacific, and from the Arctic Ocean and North Atlantic in the Atlantic; recorded depths range from near the surface in polar seas to 5610 m in the Pacific and to approximately 3900 m in the Atlantic ( Havens & Rork, 1969; Butler, 1980; Hendrickx & Estrada Navarrete, 1996; Wicksten, 2002). Rathbun (1904) reported records further south, including off Ecuador in the Pacific, but it is unclear if these reports were discounted by Butler (1980), who noted that this species has been confused often in the past with H. gracilis (see Wasmer, 1972; Butler, 1980). Wicksten (2002) additionally lists the western South Atlantic, Chile, the subantarctic Pacific and the south-western Indian Ocean (see Martin, 2003).

Occurrence at vents or seeps: limited to a single report from a slow spreading centre (the Gakkel Ridge) in the Arctic Ocean ( Martin, 2003).

Material: Arctic Ocean, Gakkel Ridge; 4365–4456 m; joint US –German expedition, U. S. C. G. C. Healy; 24 August 2001; dredging; LACM CR 2001-027.1, vial 1F, sample HLY 01-02-D36, ‘Moss Landing sample’ (1 male). –same site; 3132–3282 m; U. S. C. G. C. Healy; 17 August 2001; dredge; LACM CR 2002-028.1, vial 2F, sample HLY 01-02-D22, ‘Moss Landing sample’ (1 male) ( Edmonds et al., 2003; Martin, 2003).

Remarks: Martin (2003) reported this species from Arctic hydrothermal vents (Gakkel Ridge), though he noted that in light of the method of collection, association with actual vent sites was open to question. The record of Hymenodora frontalis Rathbun, 1902 , from the Gorda Ridge axial valley ( Carey et al., 1987), may represent an additional vent-associated species of the genus, though specific ecological information is unknown; as with H. glacialis , there is no firm indication that the species is associated with active venting.