Corythalia foelixi Bayer, 2020

Bayer, Steffen, Höfer, Hubert & Metzner, Heiko, 2020, Revision of the genus Corythalia C. L. Koch, 1850, part 1: Diagnosis and new species from South America (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae: Euophryini), Zootaxa 4806 (1), pp. 1-144 : 65-68

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4806.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:722DB6C9-2C18-48EB-B202-7F2AFF47F49F
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ADBAFB12-79CA-4175-9EFD-424797650C1B
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:ADBAFB12-79CA-4175-9EFD-424797650C1B
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Corythalia foelixi Bayer
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Corythalia foelixi Bayer View in CoL , sp. nov.

Figs 3D View FIGURE 3 , 4E View FIGURE 4 , 32 View FIGURE 32 A–E, 58H, 62H, 65J–K, 69E, 73D, 77C urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ADBAFB12-79CA-4175-9EFD-424797650C1B

Type material. Holotype: ♂, FRENCH GUIANA: Cayenne : Nouragues Ecological Research Station : Camp Saut- Pararé (region of Bita), 4°02’N, 52°41’W, about 70 m a.s.l., primary forest, Cyril Courtial leg. 11 Dec. 2013, sample number: FR-973-00200, SMNK-ARA 14033 GoogleMaps . Paratype: ♂, with the same data as for holotype, except Cyril Courtial, Alain Canard, Boris Leroy & Vincent Vedel leg. 06 Dec. 2013 by hand, sample number FR-973-00365, GCBUR GoogleMaps .

Additional material examined. FRENCH GUIANA: Cayenne: Nouragues Ecological Research Station : Camp Inselberg (region of Bita), about 150 m a.s.l., 4°05’N, 52°41’W, primary forest: 1 ♀, Cyril Courtial leg. 06 Dec. 2013, by beating shrubs & trees, sample number: FR-973-00266, SMNK-ARA 14034 . GUYANA: East Ber- GoogleMaps

bice-Corentyne: Canje-Ikuruwa River , Forest Savanna, 05°42’N (5.7°), 57°30’W (-57.5°), about 25 m a.s.l.: 1 ♀, George Bentley leg. Aug.–Dec. 1961, AMNH-IZC 00327077 GoogleMaps .

Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honour of Dr Rainer Foelix, well known arachologist, who achieved numerous new insights in functional morphological and physiological aspects in arachnological research. He is always willing to support colleagues and friends in the field of arachnology; term (name) in genitive case.

Diagnosis. Males distinguished from those of all other Corythalia species by the following characters in combination: embolus (E) (actual tubular section) long [at least 1.1–1.15x longer than width of tegulum (T)], strong, clearly S-shaped and distally not typically bifurcated, but rather with broad conical prolateral extension and clearly longer slightly curved and light retrolateral extension ( Figs 32A View FIGURE 32 , 65 View FIGURE 65 J–K); distal section of E directed distally, embolus base (EB) circle 2/3 (or slightly more) the width of T ( Figs 32A View FIGURE 32 , 65 View FIGURE 65 J–K).

Females (if indeed conspecific with male types, see remark below) distinguished from those of all other Corythalia species by the following characters in combination: connective ducts between primary (PS) and secondary spermathecae (SS) narrow (width <1/5 the diameter of PS,> 1/7), quite long (> 1.2x diameter of PS, <1.5x), hardly curved and from posterior to anterior direction clearly diverging with a broad V-shape; SS with mainly longitudinal orientation, with heads of spermathecae arising posteriorly; copulatory ducts (CD) quite long (longer than width of SS), final section of CD (before meeting SS) running latero-posteriorly ( Figs 32 View FIGURE 32 D–E, 77C); SS very broad, almost 3/4 the diameter of primary spermathecae (PS) ( Figs 32 View FIGURE 32 D–E, 77C). Lateral margins of epigynal windows (W) with large and distinct gap ( Figs 32C View FIGURE 32 , 73D View FIGURE 73 ).

Description. Male (measurements of holotype first, those of paratype in parentheses): total length 6.8 (6.6), carapace length 3.4 (3.3), maximal carapace width 2.4 (2.3), width of eye rectangle 1.9 (1.9) opisthosoma length 3.0 (2.9), opisthosoma width 2.2 (2.1), fovea length 0.24 (0.25). EYES: AME 0.68 (0.65), ALE 0.39 (0.39), PME 0.12 (0.11), PLE 0.34 (0.33), AME–AME 0.05 (0.05), AME–ALE 0.09 (0.09), PME–PME 1.64 (1.61), PME–PLE 0.32 (0.31), ALE–PLE 0.83 (0.82), PLE–PLE 1.43 (1.41), clypeus height at AME 0.26 (0.25), clypeus height at ALE 0.69 (0.68). Cheliceral furrow with 1 promarginal and 1 retromarginal teeth. SPINATION: palp: no spines. Legs: femur I 1500 (1500), II–IV 1600 (1600); patella I–II 1000 (1000), III–IV 1010 (1010); tibia I 2015 (2013{2014}), II 2015 (2024), III–IV 3133 (3133); metatarsus I–II 2024 (2024), III 3134 (3134), IV 3144 (-). MEASUREMENT OF PALP AND LEGS: palp 2.9 (2.7) [1.1 (1.0), 0.5 (0.4), 0.3 (0.3), 1.0 (1.0)], I 6.0 (5.6) [2.0 (1.9), 1.1 (1.0), 1.2 (1.1), 1.1 (1.0), 0.6 (0.6)], II 5.9 (5.8) [2.0 (1.9), 1.1 (1.1), 1.2 (1.1), 1.1 (1.1), 0.5 (0.6)], III 7.0 (6.8) [2.2 (2.2), 1.1 (1.1), 1.4 (1.3), 1.6 (1.5), 0.7 (0.7)], IV 7.2 (-) [2.2 (2.1), 1.0 (1.0), 1.5 (1.4), 1.8 (-), 0.7 (-)]. LEG FORMULA: 4312 (-). COPULATORY ORGAN: embolus (E) long (longer than 1.1x the width of tegulum (T), but at most 1.15x), moderately broad, clearly S-shaped and distally not typically bifurcated, but rather with broad conical prolateral extension and clearly longer, slightly curved and light retrolateral extension ( Figs 32A View FIGURE 32 , 65 View FIGURE 65 J–K); embolus base (EB) circle 2/3 (or slightly more) the width of T; T as broad or at least almost as broad as cymbium ( Figs 32A View FIGURE 32 , 65 View FIGURE 65 J–K); sperm duct double-stacked S-shaped, occupying about retrolateral 3/4 of T; proximal tegulum lobe in retrolateral section, distinguished from remaining T-section; cymbium in ventral view distally conically converging and at distalmost section broad rounded; palpal tibia very short, clearly broader than long ( Figs 32 View FIGURE 32 A–B, 65J–K, 69E) and ventral tibial bump in ventral view quite large and conspicuous, conical and distally rounded; RTA narrow, with retrolatero-distal direction and dorsally with conspicuous serration ( Figs 32A View FIGURE 32 , 65 View FIGURE 65 J–K), in retrolateral view serration also clearly recognisable ( Figs 32B View FIGURE 32 , 69E View FIGURE 69 ). COLOURATION: see genus description for conservative aspects. Carapace dark red-brown ( Fig. 58H View FIGURE 58 ). Legs dark brown to dark red-brown, except for tarsi III & IV being lighter ( Fig. 58H View FIGURE 58 ). Opisthosoma like noted in genus description under general dorsal colouration, chevron-like patch in central band present but sometimes inconspicuous ( Fig. 58H View FIGURE 58 ).

Female: total length 8.4, carapace length 3.6, maximal carapace width 2.6, width of eye rectangle 2.1, opisthosoma length 3.7, opisthosoma width 2.4, fovea length 0.32. EYES: AME 0.64, ALE 0.41, PME 0.10, PLE 0.36, AME–AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.07, PME–PME 1.85, PME–PLE 0.37, ALE–PLE 0.91, PLE–PLE 1.62, clypeus height at AME 0.30, clypeus height at ALE 0.78. Cheliceral furrow with 1 promarginal and 1 retromarginal teeth. SPINATION: palp: no spines. Legs: femur I–III 1500, IV 0500; patella I–II 1000, III–IV 1010; tibia I 2003, II 3014{2004}, III–IV 3133; metatarsus I–II 2024, III 3134, IV 3144. MEASUREMENT OF PALP AND LEGS: palp 3.2 [1.2, 0.6, 0.5, 0.9], I 6.0 [1.9, 1.1, 1.2, 1.1, 0.7], II 5.8 [1.9, 1.1, 1.1, 1.1, 0.6], III 6.8 [2.2, 1.1, 1.2, 1.5, 0.8], IV 7.3 [2.3, 1.1, 1.4, 1.7, 0.8]. LEG FORMULA: 4312. COPULATORY ORGAN: epigyne with more or less oval epigynal windows (W); septum of W narrow and anteriorly extremely diverging and leading into anterior margins of W ( Figs 32C View FIGURE 32 , 73D View FIGURE 73 ); lateral margins of W with large and distinct gap, only initial posterior and initial anterior sec- tions recognisable (however, fine borders of dark-light-colouration-differences and well recognisable lateral margin of [entire] epigyne give impression of a regular lateral margin of W); epigynal field broader than long; primary spermathecae (PS), visible through cuticle of W, filling slightly more than proximal 1/2 of W from posterior ( Figs 32C View FIGURE 32 , 73D View FIGURE 73 ). Vulva with quite large and round PS; secondary spermathecae (SS) drop-shaped, but very broad, SS with longitudinal orientation and with heads of spermathecae arising posteriorly ( Figs 32 View FIGURE 32 D–E, 77C); copulatory ducts quite long and with anterior direction initially, then turning laterally and at final section, before meeting SS with postero-lateral direction; connective ducts between SS and PS narrow, more or less straight and from posterior to anterior direction clearly diverging with a broad v-shape, meeting primary spermathecae antero-medially; fertilisation ducts narrow, arising centro-anteriorly on PS, bent laterally ( Figs 32 View FIGURE 32 D–E, 77C). COLOURATION: see genus description for conservative aspects. Carapace red-brown ( Fig. 62H View FIGURE 62 ). Legs red-brown, except for some articles being lighter (see genus description, except for distal sections of tibiae and metatarsi; additionally proximal sections of femora lighter) ( Fig. 62H View FIGURE 62 ). Opisthosoma like noted in genus description under general dorsal colouration, chevronlike patch in central band present, but sometimes inconspicuous ( Fig. 62H View FIGURE 62 ).

Intraspecific variation of male copulatory organs. In holotype male tegulum slightly more elongated and retrolatero-proximal tegulum lobe ( Figs 32A View FIGURE 32 , 65J View FIGURE 65 ) more distinctly developed than in the paratype male ( Fig. 65K View FIGURE 65 ). Additionally, angle between cymbium longitudinal axis and RTA in ventral view slightly larger in holotype than in paratype.

Remarks. Conspecificity of the female specimens with the male type specimens is not for 100% certain. The recorded locality (camp Inselberg) of the female from French Guiana is about 7 km away from camp Saut-Pararé, where the male type specimens where found. Conspecificity of that female with the male type specimens is thus not 100% certain, but, anyway quite likely because of the near distance. Additionally, all somatic characters and the size-dimensions correspond well to each other, consequently, the female from French Guiana is matched with the male types. The second female from Guyana corresponds to the female from French Guiana in all characters.

According to the typical basic characters shared with the other representatives of the C. waleckii species group this new species is highly likely closely related to these species.

Distribution. French Guiana, Guyana.