Corythalia cincta ( Badcock, 1932 )

Bayer, Steffen, Höfer, Hubert & Metzner, Heiko, 2020, Revision of the genus Corythalia C. L. Koch, 1850, part 1: Diagnosis and new species from South America (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae: Euophryini), Zootaxa 4806 (1), pp. 1-144 : 49-52

Corythalia cincta ( Badcock, 1932)

Figs 25 A–D, 58D, 65E–F, 69A

Makthalia cincta Badcock 1932: 45 , fig. 37 (description & illustration of ♂). Holotype ♂ from PARAGUAY: Departamento Presidente Hayes: Paraguayan Chaco, Makthlawaiya (former Anglican Mission Station ), ca. 23°30’S, 58°23’W, about 100 m a.s.l., in woods, G.S. Carter leg. 08 Apr. 1927, NHM 1932 ·9·2·45, examined.

Corythalia cincta— Mello-Leitão 1939: 84 (transfer from Makthalia ).

Taeoma barbipes Mello-Leitão 1939: 90 , figs 82–83 (description & illustration of ♂). [Holotype ♂ from PARAGUAY: Depar- tamento Presidente Hayes: “ Monte Sociedad ”, today known as Benjamin Aceval, near Villa Hayes , ca. 25°01’S, 57°36’W, about 80 m a.s.l. Dr Carl Ternetz leg. 1895, NHMB 1217 a, examined]. Syn. nov.

Corythalia barbipes— Galiano 1962: 16, figs 1–2 (transfer from Taeoma ; description & illustration of ♂); Prószyński 1976: 153, fig. 203 (description and illustration of ♂).

Diagnosis. Males distinguished from those of all other Corythalia species by the following characters in combination: embolus (E) (actual tubular section) retrolaterally at central section with short, pointed apophysis, subdistally at least slightly broadened and tip truncated or with small incision ( Figs 25A, 25C , 65 E–F); embolus base (EB) prolaterally not regularly rounded but with several small tooth-like extensions; tegulum very bulbous and broader than cymbium (CY); RTA with relatively large angle to longitundinal axis of cymbium (about 55°, Figs 25A, 25C , 65 E–F).

Description. Male (measurements of holotype first, those of holotype of Taeoma barbipes in parentheses): total length 6.3 (7.7), carapace length 2.9 (3.6), maximal carapace width 2.2 (2.7), width of eye rectangle 1.7 (2.2), opisthosoma length 2.6 (3.2), opisthosoma width 2.1 (2.4), fovea length 0.23 (-). EYES: AME 0.54 (-), ALE 0.35 (0.36), PME 0.10 (0.11), PLE 0.28 (0.31), AME–AME 0.04 (-), AME–ALE 0.07 (-), PME–PME 1.44 (-), PME–PLE 0.29 (0.34), ALE–PLE 0.72 (0.82), PLE–PLE 1.25 (-), clypeus height at AME 0.32 (-), clypeus height at ALE 0.68 (0.74). Cheliceral furrow with 1 promarginal and 1 retromarginal teeth. SPINATION: palp without spines. Legs: femur I 1500 (1500), II 1500 (1600), III–IV 1600 (1600); patella I–II 1000 (1000), III–IV 1010 (1010); tibia I 2015 (2015), II 3025 (3015), III–IV 3133 (3133); metatarsus I–II 2024 (2024), III 3134 (3134), IV 4144 (4044). MEA- SUREMENT OF PALP AND LEGS: palp 2.8 (3.0) [0.9 (1.1), 0.4 (0.4), 0.4 (0.4), 1.1 (1.1)], I 4.9 (6.3) [1.6 (2.2), 0.9 (1.1), 1.0 (1.3), 0.9 (1.1), 0.5 (0.6)], II 4.9 (6.3) [1.6 (2.2), 0.9 (1.1), 1.0 (1.3), 0.9 (1.1), 0.5 (0.6)], III 5.7 (7.4) [1.8 (2.4), 0.9 (1.2), 1.2 (1.5), 1.2 (1.6), 0.6 (0.7)], IV 5.8 (7.3) [1.9 (2.4), 0.9 (1.0), 1.1 (1.5), 1.3 (1.7), 0.6 (0.7)]. LEG FORMULA: 432&1 (342&1) (leg numbers connected by “&” with exactly the same length). COPULA- TORY ORGAN: embolus base (EB) large, EB circle more than half as broad as tegulum (T) (even though T already very broad and bulbous), located disto-centrally on T with slight shift prolaterally ( Figs 25A, 25C , 65 E–F); embolus (E) quite broad and long (slightly longer than width of T) and more or less hose-shaped with some longitudinal ridges ( Figs 25A, 25C , 65 E–F). T slightly broader than cymbium; sperm duct double-stacked S-shaped, occupying almost retrolateral 3/4 of T; proximal tegulum lobe not very long (covering distal 1/2 of palpal tibia); Cymbium in ventral view in distal section conically converging and at tip broadly rounded ( Figs 25A, 25C , 65 E–F). Palpal tibia very short (about 1.4x broader than long, Figs 25 A–D, 65E–F, 69A), ventral tibial bump medium sized and conical. RTA medium-sized (clearly longer than half the width of tegulum, Figs 25A, 25C , 65 E–F), dorsally clearly serrated and with broad angle (about 55°) to longitudinal axis of cymbium. In retrolateral view RTA moderately broad and dorso-distal serration distinct ( Figs 25B, 25D , 69A ). COLOURATION: see genus description for conservative aspects. Carapace dark red-brown ( Fig. 58D ). Legs dark brown to red-brown, except for some articles being lighter (see genus description) ( Fig. 58D ). Opisthosoma like noted in genus description under general dorsal colouration, chevron-like patch in central present ( Fig. 58D ).

Female: unknown.

Intraspecific variation of male copulatory organs. Embolus (E) in holotype of Taeoma barbipes (HT-b) ( Figs 25C , 65F ) in distal section slightly narrower and broadened section subdistally not as distinct as in holotype of C. cincta (HT-c) ( Figs 25A , 65E ). Moreover, in HT-b ( Figs 25C , 65F ) tegulum (T) slightly longer, prolateral section of embolus base (EB) with tooth-like extensions more distinct and ventral tibial bump (VTB) with distal direction, in HT-c ( Figs 25A , 65E ) T slightly shorter, tooth-like extensions on EB less distinct and VTB with prolatero-distal direction. RTA in retrolateral view in HT-b with distinct and long dorso-distal teeth and ventro-distal tip ( Fig. 25D ), in HT-c teeth and ventro-distal tip shorter and less distinct ( Figs 25B , 69A ).

Remarks. At arrival of the type material of Taeoma barbipes at SMNK (Apr. 2017) an additional specimen, a female, labeled as “Paratypoid” (also with coll. no. 1217a) was found. In the original publication Mello-Leitão (1939, p. 90) only described and illustrated a male. Consequently, this female does not belong to the type series, even though it is possible that it once (before Mello-Leitão’s examinations) was held in the same vial as the male. It is here identified as Corythalia cf. conferta sp. nov.. Hence, the male, that was erroneously labeled “ Lectotype ” (by Lothar H.E.W. Forcart) is the only valid type specimen and has to be regarded as the holotype.

There is strong inconsistency in the composition of the two type series of the species Taeoma circumflexa ( Mello-Leitão, 1939) with the collection number 1216a and Taeoma barbipes ( Mello-Leitão, 1939) [coll.-no. 1217a]. For detailed information on that and for preferred resolution to solve this see remarks under the species description of C. circumflexa .

The male holotype of Taeoma barbipes was examined and recognised being conspecific with the male holotype of Makthalia cincta . Both nominal species were later transferred to Corythalia . The synonymy is justified as the male palps, the structures with highest diagnostic significance, correspond exactly in both types of these two nominal species ( Figs 25 A–D, 65E–F) (apart from the few slight differences recognised as intraspecific variation, see above). The main somatic characters, of course, also correspond in both type specimens.

Corythalia cincta is unique in having a very bulbous tegulum (T), a quite long and strong embolus (E) with several special structures and a RTA strongly diverging from longitudinal axis of cymbium (angle about 55°). In C. scutellaris Bayer , sp. nov. the E is also very long (even longer) and strong, the RTA also quite strongly diverging but the T is clearly narrower, base of E is broader and different and special structures at E are missing. Thus it remains unclear if these two species are closely related but it is possible.

Distribution. Currently known only from Departamento Presidente Hayes, Paraguay.

Figures

FIGURE 25. Corythalia cincta, specimens from Departamento Presidente Hayes, Paraguay. A–B Male holotype, left palp (A ventral view; B retrolateral view). C–D Male NHMB 1217a (holotype of Taeoma barbipes), left palp (C ventral view; D retrolateral view).

FIGURE 58. Corythalia spp., photographic images of male specimens, dorsal view. Corythalia fimbriata: A Holotype from Bahia, Brazil. Corythalia argentinensis: B Holotype from Misiones, Argentina. Corythalia luctuosa: C Lectotype from Saint Laurent du Maroni, French Guiana. Corythalia cincta: D Holotype from Presidente Hayes, Paraguay. Corythalia scutellaris Bayer, sp. nov.: E Holotype from south-eastern part of Ecuador. Corythalia waleckii: F Syntype MIZ 225794, Cayenne, French Guiana. Corythalia tropica: G Holotype from Falcon, Venezuela. Corythalia foelixi Bayer, sp. nov.: H Holotype from Cayenne, French Guiana. Corythalia fulgipedia: I Male AMNH-IZC 00327930 from Aragua, Venezuela.

FIGURE 65. Corythalia spp., photographic images of left palps of male specimens, ventral view. Corythalia gasnieri sp. nov.:A Holotype from Amazonas, Brazil. Corythalia fimbriata: B Lectotype from Bahia, Brazil. Corythalia argentinensis: C Holotype from Misiones, Argentina. Corythalia luctuosa: D Lectotype from St. Laurent du Maroni, French Guiana. Corythalia cincta: E Holotype and F Male NHMB 1217a (holotype of Taeoma barbipes) from Presidente Hayes, Paraguay. Corythalia scutellaris Bayer, sp. nov.: G Holotype from south-eastern part of Ecuador. Corythalia waleckii: H Syntype MIZ 225794 from Cayenne, French Guiana. Corythalia tropica: I Holotype from Falcon, Venezuela. Corythalia foelixi Bayer, sp. nov.: J Holotype and K Paratype from Cayenne, French Guiana. Corythalia fulgipedia: L Male AMNH-IZC 00327822-1 from Aragua, Venezuela.

FIGURE 69. Corythalia spp., photographic images of left palps of male specimens, retrolateral view. Corythalia cincta: A Holotype from Presidente Hayes, Paraguay. Corythalia scutellaris Bayer, sp. nov.: B Holotype from south-eastern part of Ecuador. Corythalia waleckii: C Syntype MIZ 225794 from Cayenne, French Guiana. Corythalia tropica: D Holotype from Falcon, Venezuela. Corythalia foelixi Bayer, sp. nov.: E Holotype from Cayenne, French Guiana. Corythalia fulgipedia: F Male AMNH-IZC 00327329 from Aragua, Venezuela. Corythalia electa: G Lectotype from Colombia. Corythalia chalcea: H Male AMNH-IZC 00327893 from Aragua, Venezuela. Corythalia metallica: I Holotype from St. Vincent Island. Corythalia blanda: J Paralectotype M-1 from Trinidad. Corythalia xanthopa: K Male M-2, AMNH-IZC 00326903, from Aragua, Venezuela. Corythalia latior sp. nov.: L Holotype from Beni, Bolivia.