Sagola monstrosa Reitter, 1880

Park, J. - S. & Carlton, C. E., 2014, A revision of the New Zealand species of the genus Sagola Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Faronitae), The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 13) 68, pp. 1-156 : 100-101

Sagola monstrosa Reitter, 1880

( Figs. 56b, 56e, 56g –l , 57 )

Sagola monstrosa Reitter, 1880: 168 . Schaufuss 1888: 84; Raffray 1893: 17, 1904: 497, 1911: 5, 1924: 231; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 243.

Sagola nitida Broun, 1911: 492 . Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Raffray 1924: 232; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 243. New synonymy.

Sagola bifoveiceps Broun, 1912b: 629 . Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Raffray 1924: 232; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 241. New synonymy.

Sagola biimpressa Broun, 1912b: 630 . Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Raffray 1924: 232; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 241. New synonymy.

Type Material. Holotype. NEW ZEALAND: 1♂ ( MNHN), glued on rectangular card, “New Zealand. Helms Reitter”, “15”, “ MP ”, “ monstrosa AR ” . Holotype of Sagola bifoveiceps : NEW ZEALAND: Buller : 1♂ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “20.” [white label, handwritten], “Greymouth, New Zealand. Helms.” [white label, printed]; “Sharp Coll. 1905-313.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola ♂. foviecpes” [white label, handwritten]. The original label indicates this specimen is a male, but it is female . Holotype of Sagola biimpressa : NEW ZEALAND: Buller : 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “21.” [white label, handwritten], “Greymouth, New Zealand. Helms.” [white label, printed]; “Sharp Coll. 1905-313.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola ♂. biimpressa” [white label, handwritten]. The original label indicates this specimen is a male, but it is female . Holotype of Sagola nitida : NEW ZEALAND: Buller : 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “3364. ♂.” [white label, handwritten], “Greymouth, New Zealand. Helms.” [white label, printed]; “ New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “Greymouth.-Lewis.” [white label, handwritten]; “ Sagola nitida ” [white label, handwritten]. The original label indicates this specimen is a male, but it is female.

Additional Material (n = 92: 40 males; 52 females). NEW ZEALAND: Buller: 1♂ 6♀♀, Nelson Lakes NP, n slope Mt Robert, Pinchgut tr, 950m, 15 XII 1984 – 6 I 1985, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 707, window trap; 1♂ 1♀, Lewis Pass NR, 0.6km s Lewis Pass, 870m, 17 XII 1984 – 21 I 1985, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 714, FIT &window trap; 1♂ 4♀♀, Nelson Lakes NP, Lake Rotoiti, St. Arnaud tr, 645m, 14 XII 1984 – 6 I 1985, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 705, window trap; 4♀♀, Lewis Pass NR, 11.9km ese Springs Junction, 540m, 17 XII 1984 – 21 I 1985, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 715, window trap; 1♂ 2♀♀, Nelson Lakes NP, Lake Rotoiti, St. Arnaud tr, 670m, 14 XII 1984 – 6 I 1985, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 706, FIT &window trap; 2♀♀, Nelson Lakes NP, Mt. Robert, Speargrass tr, 875m, 41″49.469′S, 172″48.311′E, 30 XI–17 XII 2005, Nothofagus forest, FMHD #2005-059, FIT, A. Newton, M. Thayer, ANMT site 1161; 1♂ 1♀, Lewis Pass NR, 13.2km s Lewis Pass, 650m, 17 XII 1984 – 21 I 1985, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 713, FIT &window trap; 1♂, Nelson Lakes NP, n slope Mt. Robert, Speargrass tr, 880m, 14 XII 1984 – 6 I 1985, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 704, window trap; 1♂, Nelson Lakes NP, Mt. Robert, 660m, 26 XII 1984 – 6 I 1985, Leptospermum - Nothofagus scrub, A. Newton, M. Thayer 722, FIT &window trap; 1♂, Lake Rotoiti, 600m, 8 II 1978, A.K. Walker, ant nest in Nothofagus forest; 1♀, Nelson Lakes NP, Lake Rotoroa, Braeburn tr, 470m, 16 XII 1984 – 7 I 1985, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 712, window trap; 1♀, Nelson Lakes NP, St. Arnaud tr, Lake Rotoiti, 610–650m, 24–26 III 1980, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer, fogging; 1♀, Nelson Lakes NP, Lake Rotoiti, St. Arnaud tr, 645m, 14 XII 1984 – 6 I 1985, A. Newton, M. Thayer 705, fogging; Dunedin: 2♂♂, Mt. Cargill, 12 VII 2003, J. Nunn, dead Pseudopanax bole; 1♀, Leith Saddle, Waitati Rd, 17 I 2008, J. Nunn, decayed wood; 1♂, Leith Saddle, 27 I 2001, under bark, J. Nunn; 1♂, Cloud Forest of Leith Tr, 19 VIII 2010, J. Nunn, wood mould and frass under bark dead tree; Fiordland: 1♀, Keplar track start, Te Anau, 22 I 2008, J. Nunn; moss; Mid Canterbury: 3♂♂, Banks Peninsula, Ahuriri Sce Res, 480m, 1 IV 1982, G. Kuschel, litter and rotten wood 82/48; 1♂, McClennans Bush, 12km nw Methven, 560m, 3 III 2010, R. Emberson, sift leaf litter; 1♂, Kowhai Bush, Springfield, 24 IV 2005, J. Nunn, decayed wood; 1♂, Banks Peninsula, Hay Scen Res, Pigeon Bay, 25m, 11 XII 1984 – 22 I 1985, podocarp-hdwd forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 702, window trap; 1♂, Craigieburn SF, Dracophyllum Flat tr, 43′10S, 171′42E, FIT, 11–27 I 1998, C. Carlton, R. Leschen; 1♂, Banks Peninsula, Mt. Sinclair Scen Res, 775m, 43″42.977′S, 172″51.098′E, 3–16 XII 2005, ridgetop mixed broadleaf w/emergent Podocarpus totara, FMHD #2005-070, FIT, A. Newton, M. Thayer, ANMT site 1163; 1♀, Banks Peninsula, Ahuriri Scen Res, 450m, 43″39.971′S, 172″37.427′E, 3–16 XII 2005, ridgetop mixed broadleaf w/emergent Podocarpus totara, FMHD #2005- 066, FIT, A. Newton, M. Thayer, ANMT site 1162; 1♀, Banks Peninsula, Peraki Saddle Scen Res, 500m, 11 XII 1984 hdwd- Podocarpus elfin forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 701, litter; 8♂♂ 4♀♀, Cooper’ s Knobs nr Christchurch, 1800’, rotten wood, 18 X 1951; North Canterbury: 1♂, 4.5km se Arthur’ s Pass, 725m, #044, 42′55S, 171′33E, under bark, 11 I 1998, C. Carlton, R. Leschen; Nelson: 2♂♂ 2♀♀ (1♂, slide-mounted), 0.6km e Gowanbridge, 330m, 18 XII 1984 – 7 I 1985, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 717, FIT &window trap; 1♂, Kahurangi NP, Cobb Ridge, above Reservoir, 1050m, 41″06.351′S, 172″41.658′E, 29 XI–18 XII 2005, Nothofagus menziesii & N. solandri cliffortioides forest, FMHD #2005-051, FIT, A. Newton, M. Thayer, A. Solodovnikov, ANMT site 1159; 6♀♀, Slaters Rd, 0.7km s Whangamoa Saddle, 410m, 13 XII 1984 – 4 I 1985, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 703, window trap; 1♂, Upper Maitai, 14 II 1943, E.S. Gourlay; Otago Lakes: 1♂ 1♀, 2km se Kinloch, 14 I 2006, R. Leschen, T. Buckley, R. Hoare, under rotten logs, RL170, 44.51S, 168.20E; 1♂, 19km nw Glenorchy, #098, 44′41S 168′27E, under bark, rotten logs, 20 I 1998, C. Carlton, R. Leschen; 1♂, Makarora, 21 I 1978, G. Kuschel, litter and rotten wood 78/47; 1♀, 17km nw Glenorchy (beyond Paradise), 44′41S, 168′20E, #100, under bark, under log, 20 I 1998, C. Carlton, R. Leschen; 1♂, Mt. Aspiring NP, 12.5km nne Makarora, 370m, 11–17 I 1985, Nothofagus menziesii -hdwd-podocarp forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 740, FIT &window trap; 2♀♀, Lake Hawea, Hunter Valley rd, Sawyer Burn, 400m, 10–17 I 1985, Nothofagus solandri forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 737, FIT &window trap; 1♀, Mt. Aspiring NP, se of Haast Pass, 600m, 11–17 I 1985, Nothofagus menziesii forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 739, window trap; Marlborough Sounds: 4♀♀, Tennyson Inlet, west side Te Mako Bay, 125m, 15 XII 1984 – 5 I 1985, Nothofagus - podo-hdwd, A. Newton, M. Thayer 710, FIT &window trap; 1♂ 1♀, Tennyson Inlet, west side Duncan Bay, 30m, 15 XII 1984 – 5 I 1985, Nothofagus -podocarp forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 709, FIT &window trap; 1♀, Opouri Saddle, above Tennyson Inlet, 540m, 15 XII 1984 – 5 I 1985, Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 708, window trap; Westland: 1♂, 1.5km n Punakaiki, 50m, 19 XII 1984 – 20 I 1985, hdwdnikau forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 720, FIT &window trap; 1♂, 1.5km n Punakaiki, 50m, 19 XII 1984 – 20 I 1985, hdwd-nikau forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 720, litter; 1♀, Okuku Scen Res, 9.2km sse Kumara, 120m, 8–19 I 1985, podocarp-hdwd forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 731, FIT &window trap; 1♀, Haast Pass w of summit, 550m, 24 I 1978, G. Kuschel, sifted litter and rotten wood 78/52.

Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the other species of the notabilis speciesgroup by the following combination of characters: body length 2.4–2.7 mm; male antennomeres 4–6 enlarged; shape of ventral surface of male head and genitalia unique to species; only known from South Island.

Redescription. Length 2.4–2.7 mm. Body brown, antennae, legs, maxillary palpi, and elytra paler ( Fig. 56b ). Head: Round, as long as wide, widest across eyes ( Fig. 56h ). Antennomere 2 longer than wide, 3–10 subquadrate, 4–6 enlarged in male ( Fig. 56g ). Eye prominent, approximately two-thirds length of temple ( Fig. 56h ). Thorax: Prosternum as long as wide, widest at midpoint. Elytra rectangular ( Fig. 56b ). Meso- and metathorax trapezoidal, longer than wide. Male fore femur with shallow semicircular depression. Abdomen: Tergite IV with pair of transverse patches of microtrichia reaching middle. Aedeagus: Median lobe of genitalia triangular, shorter than parameres ( Fig. 56e ). Phallobase of median lobe symmetrical and rectangular ( Fig. 56e ). Parameres symmetrical with process at one-third length, with setae and processes apically ( Fig. 56e ).

Type Locality. “ New Zealand ” (specific locality not mentioned) .

Distribution. Buller, Dunedin, Fiordland, Mid Canterbury, North Canterbury, Nelson, Otago Lakes, Marlborough Sounds, Westland ( Fig. 57 : triangles).

Habitat. Specimens of this species were collected using flight intercept or window traps or by sifting dead logs and wood litter in mostly Nothofagus forests. One specimen was found in an ant nest.

Comments. Male specimens of S. monstrosa can be distinguished from those of other species by antennomeres 3–10 being subquadrate, enlarged male antennomeres 4–6, and modification of the ventral surface of male head. The type specimens of S. bifoveiceps , S. biimpressa , and S. nitida share these diagnostic characters. For these reasons, we have placed S. bifoveiceps , S. biimpressa , and S. nitida in synonymy with S. monstrosa .

Figures

Fig. 56. Sagola species in the notabilis species-group. Habitus, dorsal views: a) S. notabilis, b) S. monstrosa, c) S. tararuaensis. Aedeagi, dorsal views: d) S. notabilis, e) S. monstrosa, f) S. tararuaensis. S. monstrosa, male: g) Antenna, h) Dorsal surface of head, i) Ventral surface of head, j) Hind leg, lateral view, k) Hind claw, lateral view, l) Abdomen, ventral view. Scale bars a–c = 1 mm, d–l = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 57. Known collection localities of New Zealand Sagola species. S. notabilis: black circles; S. monstrosa: triangles; S. tararuaensis: black squares.