Clusia microstemon Planchon & Triana (1860: 331)

Cabral, Fernanda Nunes, Bittrich, Volker & Hopkins, Michael John Gilbert, 2017, Clusiaceae s. l. (Calophyllaceae, Clusiaceae s. s. and Hypericaceae) in the Viruá National Park, Roraima, Brazil, Phytotaxa 329 (1), pp. 1-27 : 10-11

3.4 Clusia microstemon Planchon & Triana (1860: 331) ( Fig. 4A–C )

Type:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: Rio Uaupés, October 1852, fl., Spruce 2511 (holotype: P, barcode 01901205, isotypes: BR, barcode

0000008676702, C, barcode 10009454, E, barcode 00326699, G, barcode 00355089, GH, barcode 00026868, K, barcode 000820682,

LD, barcode 1060294, NY, barcode 380975). = Clusia gaudichaudii Planchon & Triana (1860: 359) , nom. illeg.

Shrubs, small trees up to 3 m or hemiepiphytes. Exudate yellowish to yellowish-brown. Lamina subcoriaceous to coriaceous, oboval or elliptical to oblanceolate, (3.5–)4.4–14 × 2.6–8.1 cm, apex obtuse, rounded to acute or subacute, base attenuate and acute; exudate channels conspicuous on both surfaces, distant 1.2–3.0 mm; secondary veins conspicuous on both surfaces, 13–38 pairs, distant 1.7–2.5 mm; petiole (6.5–) 8.2–38.4 mm long. Inflorescence: staminate plants with clustered flowers; pistillate plants with clustered or solitary flowers; pedicels 0.8–1.0 cm long. Sepals 4, 7.0–10.6 × 7.2–10.3 mm, white to slightly pink. Petals 5–7, 13.7–19.6 × 12.1–15.4 mm, violet-pink or white and violet-pink adaxially, white-pinkish abaxially. Staminate flowers with stamens numerous, ca. 1600, densely compact, 1.8–2.2 mm long, forming a flattened synandrium with sessile anthers on top, 8–9 mm wide, the lateral side of the disk with anthers, covered with resin-pollen mix during anthesis. Pistillate flower with 2 series of staminodes around the base of the ovary, with resin at the apex; stigma 4–6, 2–4 mm long, covered with small rounded papilla. Fruit cylindrical to ovoid, 1.0–1.4 × 1.0– 1.4 cm; sepals and stigmas persistent. Seeds with yellowish-orange aril.

Phenology:—Flowering June to September; fruiting January.

Distribution and habitat:— Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela. In Brazil, it occurs in the north region (states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia and Roraima), and in the northern central-west region (state of Mato Grosso). In VNP, it is found in white-sand vegetation and at river margins.

Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Roraima: Caracaraí, Viruá National Park , elevation 11 m, 1º47’81’’N, 61º01’18’’W, 28 January 2010, fr., Cabral et al. 190 ( INPA) ; Ibid. , 24 July 2010, fl., Cabral et al. 249 ( INPA) ; Ibid. , 24 July 2010, fl., Cabral et al. 251 A ( INPA) ; Ibid. , 16 September 2010, fl., Cabral et al. 287 ( INPA) ; Ibid. , 15 January 2011, fr., Cabral et al. 337 ( INPA) .

Additional specimens:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: Entre Paraná da Floresta e boca do rio Branco. Praia do Gavião, 26 June 1979, fl., Maia et al. 57 (INPA).

Taxonomic notes:—For differences between Clusia microstemon and C. nitida see notes under C. nitida .

Figures

FIGURE 4. Clusia microstemon (A. Habit; B. Pistillate flower; C. Staminate flower), Clusia nemorosa (D. Habit with staminate flower; E. Pistillate flower and fruit) and Clusia nitida (F. Staminate flower; G. Pistillate flower; H. Fruit).