Lyroda aurea, Mawadda & Kumar & Sureshan, 2021

Mawadda, N. V. Ayisha, Kumar, P. Girish & Sureshan, P. M., 2021, Additions to the knowledge of the genus Lyroda Say (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) from India with the descriptions of two new species, Zootaxa 5005 (2), pp. 201-217 : 202-203

Key to Oriental Lyroda (modified from Li et al. 2009)

(Females of L. alaminos Tsuneki , L. argenteofacialis (Cameron) , and L. philippinica Tsuneki are unknown. Males of L. nigra nigra (Cameron) , L. salai Giner Marí , L. aurea sp. nov., L. nuda sp. nov. are unknown.)

1. Female............................................................................................. 2

- Male.............................................................................................. 13

2. At least first and second gaster segment ferruginous. India; Bangladesh; Cambodia; China; Indonesia; Laos; Myanmar; Oman; Philippines; Solomon Islands; Thailand; Vietnam................................................ formosa (Smith)

- Gaster black (except sometimes, pygidium ferruginous)....................................................... 3

3. Anterior margin of clypeus with three sets of three large teeth (intermediate teeth absent, inconspicuous, or well defined) ( Figs 30 & 61 )............................................................................................ 4

- Anterior margin of clypeus with two sets of three large teeth laterally, and a set of two large medial teeth (intermediate teeth absent, inconspicuous, or well defined) ( Figs 3 & 12 )......................................................... 6

4. Clypeus gently produced between lateral and median tooth sets, not produced as teeth (Fig. 227 of Tsuneki 1983a). Philippines.................................................................................... laguna Tsuneki

- Clypeus with teeth between lateral and median tooth sets...................................................... 5

5. Pygidial plate broadly ferruginous and triangular, its lateral carina not rounded ( Fig. 7 of Li et al. 2009). China............................................................................................. tridentata Li, Cai and Li

- Pygidial plate black or brownish black and triangular, its lateral carina somewhat rounded ( Fig. 36 ). India; Myanmar............................................................................................. binghami Tsuneki

6. Clypeus without intermediate teeth between large lateral and median tooth sets.................................... 7

- Clypeus with intermediate teeth between lateral and median tooth sets........................................... 8

7. Distance between lateral and median tooth sets about as long as combined width of one set of lateral teeth (Fig. 210 of Tsuneki 1967). China, Taiwan................................................................ nigra takasago Tsuneki

- Distance between lateral and median tooth sets shorter than combined width of one set of lateral teeth ( Fig. 1 of Tsuneki 1983b). India; Japan......................................................................... nigra nigra (Cameron)

8. Clypeus with one intermediate tooth between large lateral and median tooth sets................................... 9

- Clypeus with more than one intermediate tooth between large lateral and median tooth sets.......................... 10

9. Setae on body silvery; basal rounded platform of first tergum not distinctly concave (Fig. 194 of Tsuneki 1983a). Indonesia; Myanmar; Malaysia; Philippines; Japan................................................ venusta venusta Bingham

- Setae on frons, pronotum, scutum and propodeum distinctly brassy; basal rounded platform of first tergum distinctly concave. China, Taiwan..................................................................... venusta taiwana Tsuneki

10. Median set of clypeal teeth narrow and cuspidate ( Figs 3 & 60, 58–60 ); blackish fascia crossing two submarginal cells and apex of second discoidal cell in forewing ( Figs 7 , 16 & 25 )....................................................... 11

- Median set of clypeal teeth wide, not cuspidate; forewing without blackish fascia crossing two submarginal cells. China; Philippines.................................................................................. williamsi Tsuneki

11. Setae on clypeus, frons, pronotum, scutum and propodeum golden, dense. India ( Figs 1–9 )............................................................................................... aurea Mawadda & Girish Kumar sp. nov.

- Setae silvery, dense or sparse........................................................................... 12

12. Clypeus, frons, scutum, and propodeum with dense, silvery setae ( Figs 20 & 22 ). China; India............ salai Giner Marí

- Clypeus and frons almost bare, with few scattered setae ( Figs10–18 ). India....... nuda Mawadda & Girish Kumar sp. nov.

13. At least first and second gaster segment ferruginous. India; Bangladesh; Cambodia; China; Indonesia; Laos; Myanmar; Oman; Philippines; Solomon Islands; Thailand; Vietnam................................................ formosa (Smith)

- Gaster extensively black or at most first gaster segment brown................................................ 14

14. First gaster segment distinctly brown. India............................................ argenteofacialis (Cameron)

- First gaster segment completely black.................................................................... 15

15. Anterior margin of clypeus not excavated in middle ( Fig. 39 )................................................. 16

- Anterior margin of clypeus distinctly, arcuately or gently excavated in middle.................................... 20

16. Sternum VIII broadly rounded at apex, not emarginate and not sinuate ( Fig. 23 of Tsuneki 1983b); (tergum VII without distinct lateral carinae; anterior margin of clypeus medially with evanescent rounded prominence ( Fig. 24 of Tsuneki, 1983b)). Japan..................................................................................... fukuiensis Tsuneki

- Sternum VIII not as above (with or without medial protuberance between two lateral protuberances) (Figs 196 and 208 of Tsuneki, 1983a)..................................................................................... 17

17. Sternum VIII with median protuberance between two lateral protuberances (Fig. 196 of Tsuneki, 1983a)............... 18

- Sternum VIII without median protuberance between two lateral protuberances (Fig. 208 of Tsuneki 1983a)............. 19

18. Fourth abscissae of radial vein of forewing equal to first abscissa; paramere broad, suddenly narrowed at apex (Figs 215 & 216 of Tsuneki, 1967). China; Taiwan....................................................... nigra takasago Tsuneki

- Fourth abscissae of radial vein of forewing greater than first abscissa; paramere gradually narrowed. China; Philippines........................................................................................... williamsi Tsuneki

19. Pygidial plate broad and subtruncate, its lateral carina not rounded (Fig. 206 of Tsuneki, 1983a). India; Myanmar................................................................................................ binghami Tsuneki

- Pygidial plate narrow and not truncate, its lateral carina somewhat rounded. Philippines.................. laguna Tsuneki

20. Median prominence of clypeus beveled not directly from anterior margin, but from step below it (Figs 328 & 329 of Tsuneki, 1983a). Philippines..................................................................... philippinica Tsuneki

- Median prominence of clypeus beveled directly from anterior margin........................................... 21

21. Anterior margin of clypeus gently excavated (Fig. 343 of Tsuneki, 1983a). Philippines................. alaminos Tsuneki

- Anterior margin of clypeus distinctly, arcuately excavated.................................................... 22

22. Sternum VIII without median tooth or protuberance at apex ( Fig. 6 of Li et al. 2009); prominence of clypeus emarginate in middle ( Fig. 2 of Li et al. 2009); second sternum with pair of round ferruginous maculae. China..... tridentata Li, Cai and Li

- Sternum VIII with median tooth at apex (Figs 212 & 213 of Tsuneki 1967); median prominence of clypeus not emarginate medially; second sternum without round ferruginous macula.................................................. 23

23. Pygidial plate not incised at apex, its lateral carina somewhat rounded (Fig. 195 of Tsuneki 1983a). Indonesia; Japan; Malaysia; Myanmar; Philippines.............................................................. venusta venusta Bingham

- Pygidial plate incised at apex, its lateral carina not rounded (Fig. 202 of Tsuneki, 1967). China; Taiwan.................................................................................................. venusta taiwana Tsuneki

Figures

FIGURES 28–36. Lyroda binghami Tsuneki. ♀. 28. Habitus, lateral view; 29. Head, frontal view; 30. Lower half of head, frontal view; 31. Head & thorax; 32. Propodeum, dorsal view; 33. Propodeum, lateral view; 34. Forewing; 35. Gaster, dorsal view; 36. Pygidium.

FIGURES 58–64. Anterior clypeal margins: 58. Lyroda aurea sp. nov. holotype ♀; 59. Lyroda nuda sp. nov. holotype ♀; 60. Lyroda salai Giner Marí. ♀; 61. Lyroda binghami Tsuneki. ♀; 62. Lyroda binghami Tsuneki. ♂; 63. Lyroda formosa (Smith). ♀; 64. Lyroda formosa (Smith). ♂.

FIGURES 1–9. Lyroda aurea Mawadda & Girish Kumar sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 1. Habitus, lateral view; 2. Head, frontal view; 3. Lower half of head, frontal view; 4. Head & thorax; 5. Propodeum, dorsal view; 6. Propodeum, lateral view; 7. Forewing; 8. Gaster, dorsal view; 9. Pygidium.

FIGURES 10–18. Lyroda nuda Mawadda & Girish Kumar sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 10. Habitus, lateral view; 11. Head, frontal view; 12. Lower half of head, frontal view; 13. Head & thorax; 14. Propodeum, dorsal view; 15. Thorax, lateral view; 16. Forewing; 17. Gaster, dorsal view; 18. Pygidium.

FIGURES 19–27. Lyroda salai Giner Marí. ♀. 19. Habitus, lateral view; 20. Head, frontal view; 21. Lower half of head, fron- tal view; 22. Head & thorax; 23. Propodeum, dorsal view; 24. Thorax, lateral view; 25. Forewing; 26. Gaster, dorsal view; 27. Antennae.

FIGURES 37–43. Lyroda binghami Tsuneki. ♂. 37. Habitus, lateral view; 38. Head, frontal view; 39. Lower half of head, fron- tal view; 40. Head & thorax; 41. Propodeum, dorsal view; 42. Pygidium; 43. Last sternum.