Epipleoneura capilliformis ( Selys, 1886 )

Pessacq, Pablo, 2014, Synopsis of Epipleoneura (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae, “ Protoneuridae ”), with emphasis on its Brazilian species, Zootaxa 3872 (3), pp. 201-234 : 206-207

Epipleoneura capilliformis ( Selys, 1886)

( Figs. 5 , 32 )

Protoneura capilliformis Selys 1886: 211 –212 (new species, description of male, type material at IRSN). Calvert 1909: 212 (record for Brazil, Chapada). Longfield 1929:135.

Epipleoneura incusa Williamson 1915: 627 –628, 632–635, 638, figs. 27 and 28 (new species, description of male, illustration of male S 10 in posterior and lateral view).

Epipleoneura ? capilliformis Williamson 1915: 619 (comments about the generic position of capilliformis , “it might be a Protoneura , but more probably an Epipleoneura ”, brief description of coloration and measurements). Rácenis 1960: 25–26 (the generic position of the species remains doubtful, included in list of species, recorded for Brazil).

Epipleoneura capilliformis Machado 1985: 211 , 215–216 (examination of holotype, description of labels, taxonomic discussion, synonymy with E. incusa based on examination of both holotypes). Lencioni 2005 [incorrectly spelled cappiliformis]: 174, figs. 104 a–c (references, type locality, distribution, described stages, reproduction of original illustrations of E. incusa male S 10 in lateral and dorsal view and thorax). von Ellenrieder & Garrison 2008: 14, 17, 28–29, figs. 21a–b, 31a–c (illustrations of cercus and epiproct in dorsal, lateral and postero-lateral view; and genital ligula in lateral and ectal view). Garrison et al. 2010: 352, 354, fig. 2336, 2357 (included in list of species, illustrations of cercus in dorsal and epiproct in posterior view). Pessacq et al. 2012: 4 (included in list of Brazilian Protoneuridae , new records for Amazonas and Pará States).

Specimens examined. 52 ♂, 6♀. 29 ♂, 6♀, Brazil, Amapá State, Reserva Extativista, Laranjal do Jari, Sítio Igarapé do Meio (00º51’20”S, 52º32’21”W), leg. P. Magno & J.M. Costa, 8 xi 1999. 1 ♂, Brazil, Amazonas State, Manaus, campo do José Antonio, Igarapé do Passarinho (Manaus: 03º07’08”S, 60º01’32”W), 25 vii 1960. 2 ♂, same data as previous but route M 1 km 50, Igarapé, leg. M.C. de Melo, 26 v 60. 9 ♂, same data as previous but, Reserva Ducke in Igarapé (03º06’07”S, 60º01’30”W), leg. M.C. de Melo, 14 vii 60. 3 ♂, same data as previous but, Colônia Santo Antônio, Igarapé do Alberto (Colonia Santo Antonio: 03º02’25”S, 60º01’19”W), M.C. de Melo leg, 29 vii 1960. 4 ♂, same data as previous but, Colônia Santo Antônio, Igarapé do Buiao, leg. M.C. de Melo, 3 ix 1960. 1 ♂, Brazil, Pará State, Obidos, Curucambá river (02º54’48”S, 54º43’12”W), leg. J. Brasileiro & Ferreira, iii 1962. 1 ♂, same data as previous but Obidos (1°54’05”S, 55°31’16”W), leg. J. Brasileiro, viii 1962. 1 ♂, same data as previous but Curaçam, leg. J. Brasileiro, 12 iii 1962. 1 ♂, same data as previous but leg. J. Brasileiro, iii–viii 1962.

Diagnosis. E. capilliformis belongs to a large group of species with similar cercus morphology (e. g. E. fernandezi Rácenis, 1960 , E. janirae Machado, 2005 , E. lamina Williamson, 1915 , E. venezuelensis , Figs. 6 , 14 , 11, 12 ) in which the cercus dorsal branch is shorter than S10, directed postero-dorsally, approximately rounded in cross section and armed with an apical hook. The ventral branch is approximately rounded or slightly elongate and poorly developed. Species within this group can be separated by epiproct and genital ligula morphology and by the different morphology of the inner-basal structure of cercus. Epipleoneura capilliformis is most similar to E. demarmel s i, and these species can be separated from the others by the unique trilobated distal margin of epiproct ( Figs. 4 b and 5b), in which the lateral branches are small and triangular accompanying a more or less quadrangular epiproct. In E. demarmelsi the ventral margin of the epiproct is convexly curved ( Fig. 4 b), while in E. capilliformis it forms a bluntly shaped quadrangular process ( Fig. 5 b) that may be expanded apically in some specimens. The genital ligula ( Fig. 32 ) is essentially the same as in E. demarmelsi , E. fernandezi , E. metallica , and E. venezuelensis : segment 3 is medially very narrow, its sides slightly elevated, the apex possesses a wide cleft and the lateral corners are acute; the postero-lateral projection is approximately triangular, directed posteriorly, and has a conspicuous peduncle. Female unknown.

Distribution. Northern and central Brazil, in the States of Amapá, Amazonas, Mato Grosso and Pará (type locality: Irusa Forest, Santarém, Pará). Guyana, Tumatumarí.

Notes. Williamson (1915) includes an illustration of epiproct in posterior view (reproduced in Lencioni 2005), in which the medial lobe is comparatively larger and strongly widened distally, almost with an inverted T shape, not observed in the specimens studied or in the drawings of von Ellenrieder & Garrison (2008).

Figures

FIGURES 4 – 6. Male caudal appendages, a: lateral view; b: posterior view, c: latero-posterior view. Figure 4 modified from Garrison et al. (2010). CIB: cercus inner-basal branch. LB: epiproct lateral branches. ML: epiproct medial lobe.

FIGURES 28 – 47. Genital ligula, lateral and ectal view. Figures 29, 33, 47 modified from Garrison et al. (2010). PLP: posterolateral projection.

FIGURES 13 – 15. Male caudal appendages, a: lateral view; b: posterior view, c: latero-posterior view. CIB: cercus inner-basal branch. CT: cercus inner-basal tooth.

FIGURES 10 – 12. Male caudal appendages, a: lateral view; b: posterior view, c: latero-posterior view. Figure 10 modified from Machado (1985).