Liriomyza sativae Blanchard

Eiseman, Charles S. & Lonsdale, Owen, 2018, New state and host records for Agromyzidae (Diptera) in the United States, with the description of thirty new species, Zootaxa 4479 (1), pp. 1-156 : 54-55

Liriomyza sativae Blanchard

( Fig. 151 )

Material examined. CALIFORNIA: San Diego Co., Coyote Canyon, 9.iii.2017, em. 2.iv.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex Lupinus arizonicus , #CSE3351, CNC940107 (1♂); Tubb Canyon, 11.iii.2017, em. 28.iii–6.iv.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex Rafinesquia neomexicana , #CSE3311, CNC940098, CNC940099 (2♂); COLORADO: Pitkin Co., Redstone, Avalanche Creek, near Rte. 133, 12.vii.2015, em. 25.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex Astragalus cicer , #CSE1832, CNC564629 (1♂).

Tentatively identified material. COLORADO: Chaffee Co., Big Bend State Wildlife Area, 8.vii.2015, em. by 27.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex Astragalus ?lotiflorus, #CSE1859, CNC 654333 (1♀).

Hosts. Amaranthaceae : Amaranthus retroflexus L. ( Oatman 1959), Chenopodium album L. ( Oatman 1959), Spinacia oleracea L. ( Oatman 1959); Apiaceae : Apium graveolens L. ( Oatman 1959), Hydrocotyle umbellata L.; Asteraceae : Ambrosia acanthicarpa Hook. , A. psilostachya DC., “ Aster ” L. ( Spencer 1981), Bidens L. (“ Spanish needle ”; Schuster et al. 1982); Calendula officinalis L., Coreopsis L., Dahlia Cav. ( Frick 1957) , Dicoria canescens A. Gray , Felicia bergeriana (Spreng.) O.Hoffm. ( Oatman 1959) , Galinsoga quadriradiata Cav. , Helianthus annuus L. ( Frick 1957) , Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. ( Oatman 1959) , Pericallis hybrida B. Nord., * Rafinesquia neomexicana A. Gray , Senecio vulgaris L. ( Oatman 1959), Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. ( Oatman 1959), Sonchus oleraceus L. ( Oatman 1959), Tagetes L. ( Oatman 1959), Verbesina helianthoides Michx. , V. virginica L., Zinnia L. ( Frick 1957); Bignoniaceae : Jacaranda Juss. ; Brassicaceae : Brassica oleracea L., B. rapa L., “ Nasturtium spp.” ( Oatman 1959), Raphanus sativus L. ( Oatman 1959); Cucurbitaceae : Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai ( Oatman 1959) , Cucumis melo L., C. sativus L., Cucurbita maxima Duchesne ( Spencer 1981) , C. pepo L.; Datiscaceae : Datisca glomerata (C. Presl) Baill. , Euphorbiaceae : Ricinus communis L.; Fabaceae : * Astragalus cicer L., Bauhinia L., Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., Lupinus * arizonicus (S. Watson) S. Watson , Medicago lupulina L. ( Frick 1957), M. sativa L., Melilotus indicus (L.) All. ( Oatman 1959), M. officinalis (L.) Lam., Phaseolus lunatus L., P. vulgaris L. (“greenbeans”), Pisum sativum L., Senna occidentalis (L.) Link, Senna sp. (“ Cassia tora L.”), Trifolium fragiferum L. ( Oatman 1959), T. hybridum L. ( Oatman 1959), T. incarnatum L., T. pratense L. ( Oatman 1959), T. repens L. ( Oatman 1959), Vicia nigricans Hook. & Arn. ssp. gigantea (Hook.) Lassetter & C.R. Gunn. ( Frick 1957) , Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth. , V. unguiculata (L.) Walp.; Lamiaceae : Melissa officinalis L. ( Oatman 1959), Stachys bullata Benth. ( Frick 1957) ; Malvaceae : Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench ( Steyskal 1964), Alcea rosea L. (as “ Althea ”; Spencer 1981), Anoda cristata (L.) Schltdl., Gossypium hirsutum L. ( Frick 1957, Oatman 1959), Malva parviflora L. (as M. “ borealis ”) ( Frick 1957), M. “ rotundifolia ” [ M. neglecta Wallr. or M. pusilla Sm. ] ( Oatman 1959), Sida acuta Burm. f.; Passifloraceae : Passiflora pallens Poepp. ex Masters , P. pallida L.; Plantaginaceae : Antirrhinum majus L. ( Oatman 1959), Plantago L., P. major L. ( Oatman 1959); Poaceae : Hordeum vulgare L. ( Oatman 1959); Polygonaceae : Polygonum aviculare L. ( Oatman 1959); Ranunculaceae : Aquilegia L. ( Oatman 1959), Ranunculus L. ( Oatman 1959); Rosaceae : Prunus andersonii A. Gray ( Oatman 1959) ; Solanaceae : Capsicum annuum L. ( Oatman 1959), Cestrum diurnum L., C. nocturnum L., Datura inoxia Mill. ( Frick 1959) , Petunia Juss. , Physalis angulata L. ( Oatman 1959), Solanum lycopersicum L., S. melongena L., S. nigrum L., S. tuberosum L. ( Spencer 1981); Verbenaceae : Verbena L. (type series of L. verbenicola Hering , consisting of three females from New Mexico; Spencer & Steyskal 1986) ( Stegmaier 1966b; Lonsdale 2011). Numerous other hosts are recorded outside of North America (Lonsdale 2011). The records of Oatman (1959) involve a greenhouse experiment in which the test plant was caged with lima bean plants infested with “ Liriomyza pictella (Thomson) ”; only those plants from which adults were reared are listed here. Where this citation is underlined, it indicates that the record was also listed by Spencer & Steyskal (1986) but no primary source was found. Spencer & Steyskal (1986) additionally list Asteraceae : Baccharis L., but this record is apparently derived from specimens cited by Spencer (1981) that were presumed to have been caught on leaves. Their record of Fabaceae : Indigofera L. possibly refers only to the holotype female of L. canomarginis Frick from Hawaii. Leaf mines on the following hosts have been tentatively attributed to Liriomyza sativae , but not confirmed by rearing: Cucurbitaceae : Marah macrocarpus (Greene) Greene ; Fabaceae : Centrosema ? virginianum (L.) Benth.; Sapindaceae : Cardiospermum microcarpum Kunth ; Solanaceae : Solanum erianthum D. Don. ( Spencer & Stegmaier 1973; Spencer 1981).

Leaf mine. ( Fig. 151 ) Whitish, upper surface, linear, with frass in conspicuous black strips on alternating sides.

Puparium. Yellow; formed outside the mine.

Distribution. USA: AL, CA, CO ( Scheffer & Lewis 2005), FL, HI, KS, LA, MD, NM, OH (greenhouse), SC, TX; Neotropics; introduced in Arabian Peninsula, Australia ( Keenan 2017), Cameroon, China, Greece, Guam, India, Japan, Nigeria, Oman, Russia, Tahiti, Thailand, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Zimbabwe (Lonsdale 2011).

Comments. No Nearctic agromyzid has previously been reared from Astragalus , but we found linear Liriomyza mines commonly on this host in Colorado, including on A.? drummondii Douglas ex Hook. , A. laxmannii Jacq. var. robustior (Hook.) Barneby & S.L. Welsh, A. ?lotiflorus Hook. and A. shortianus Nutt.

Figures

FIGURES 144–153. leaf mines; 144: Liriomyza limopsis Lonsdale in Eurybia divaricata; 145: L. limopsis in Oclemena acuminata; 146: L. orilliensis Spencer in Prenanthes sp.; 147: same, detail of frass; 148: L. pilicornis Lonsdale in Comandra umbellata; 149: L. pistilla Lonsdale in Melampyrum lineare; 150: L. ptarmicae de Meijere in Artemisia vulgaris; 151: L. sativae Blanchard in Astragalus cicer; 152: L. smilacinae Spencer in Maianthemum canadense; 153: L. taraxaci Hering in Taraxacum officinale.