Hoplandrothrips adraneoides sp. n., 2024

Okajima, Shûji & Masumoto, Masami, 2024, The genus Hoplandrothrips and its relatives (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) from Southeast Asia and Taiwan, Zootaxa 5489 (1), pp. 22-91 : 37-38

Hoplandrothrips adraneoides sp. n.

( Figs 19–20 , 136–143 )

Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.8–2.1mm.Body largely yellow, with red hypodermal pigments.Head weakly shaded with greyish brown at anterior portion between eyes and at anterior portion of genae, pterothorax scarcely shaded laterally, tube very weakly shaded with grey. Antennal segment III yellow, the remaining segments greyish brown, but pedicels of segments IV and V rather pale. All legs yellow, femora often weakly shaded. Fore wings weakly shaded with greyish brown, but paler apically and sub-basally. All prominent setae pale. Head ( Fig. 136 ) a little longer than wide, about 1.2 times as long as wide in holotype, dorsal surface almost smooth. Cheeks weakly rounded, strongly constricted at anterior ends, slightly constricted basally, slightly serrated, with some minute setae. Postocular setae rather close together, about 40μm apart from cheek, 95μm apart from each other in holotype, much shorter than eye, expanded. Eyes about 0.4 times as long as head, 0.41 times in holotype; posterior ocelli not in contact with eyes, distance between posterior ocelli almost as long as diameter of an ocellus, 20μm apart from each other in holotype. Antennae ( Fig. 140 ) 1.7–1.8 times as long as head; segment VIII not constricted at base; segment III about 2.0 times as long as wide, almost as long as segment IV, or a little longer, widest at apical 1/3, then gradually narrowed to apex, with three sense cones. Mouth-cone short; maxillary stylets retracted to eyes. Pronotum ( Fig. 136 ) almost smooth, shorter than 2/3 length of head; five pairs of prominent setae expanded, am usually shorter than aa. Ferna and mesopresternum weakly sclerotized, mesopresternum boat-shaped, not divided. Metanotum ( Fig. 142 ) very weakly sculptured with polygonal reticulation; metanotal median pair of setae acute, 40–43μm apart from anterior margin, 58μm apart from one another. Fore tarsal tooth ( Fig. 137 ) short, directed antero-laterally. Metathoracic sternopleural sutures weakly present. Fore wings each with 3–5 duplicated cilia, 4 in holotype; three sub-basal setae expanded, S3 much longer than S2. Pelta ( Fig. 143 ) very weak, with rather slender lateral wings. Tergite IX posteromarginal setae blunt or weakly expanded, at least not pointed, shorter than tube, S2 slightly longer than S1, intermediate setae slender, shorter than S1. Tube ( Fig. 141 ) 0.54–0.58 times as long as head, about 2.0 times as long as wide. Terminal setae almost as long as tube.

Measurements (holotype female in μm). Body length about 1930 (distended). Head length 218, from anterior margin of eyes 195, width across eyes 175, maximum width across cheeks 182; eyes length 90, width 55; diameter of posterior ocelli 18–19; postocular setae?40. Antenna total length 380, segments I–VIII length (width) as follows: 40 (37), 42 (27), 62 (30), 60 (30), 50 (25), 45 (22), 36 (20), 33 (12). Pronotum length 125, width 220. Setae on prothorax: am less than 30, aa about 30, ml?40, pa?30, epim 45, cox 30–35. Fore wing length 750. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 35, S2 35, S3 73–75. Tergite IX setae: S1 80, S2 88–90. Tube length 117, maximum width 60; terminal setae 116–120.

Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.5–1.8mm. Colour similar to female. Postocular setae not close together, 22–25μm apart from cheek, 105–110μm apart from each other. Prothorax enlarged in large male; fore legs ( Figs 138 & 139 ) stout, fore femur enlarged, without apical tubercles, fore tibia unarmed, fore tarsal tooth stout. Abdominal sternite VIII without pore plate; tergite IX S2 setae about 1/2 length of S1, intermediate setae longer than S2. Tube 0.51–0.53 times as long as head.

Measurements (paratype large/small males in μm). Body length 1730/about 1500 (distended). Head length 210/193, from anterior margin of eyes 190/175, width across eyes 160/155, maximum width across cheeks 165/158; eyes length 80/77, width 50/50. Postoculars 35/35. Antenna total length 370/350, segments I–VIII length (width) as follows: 40/38 (37/33), 38/38 (25/25), 60/58 (28/27), 57/57 (28/27), 48/48 (23/23), 43/42 (21/20), 38/35 (18/19), 30/30 (11/10). Pronotum length 138/122, width 205/192. Setae on prothorax: am 30/25, aa 35/25, ml?/30, pa 40/33, epim 40/38, cox 36/25. Fore wing length 720/710. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 35 /28, S2 37 /34, S3 75/65. Tergite IX setae: S1 70/65, S2 35 /30. Tube length 110/100, maximum width 55/52; terminal setae 120/120.

Type series. Holotype: macropterous female, Indonesia, Bali Is., Tabanan, Muncak Sari, Pura Luhur , 3.ix.2006, SO . Paratypes: Indonesia, 7 females 9 males, collected together with holotype, same locality as holotype , 1 female and 1 male, 2.ix.2005 , 3 females and 3 males, 2.ix.2006; Java Is., Yogyakarta, Kaliurang Park ( Mt. Merapi ) , 1 female and 1 male, 18.viii.2005, SO.

Non-paratypic specimens. Indonesia, Sulawesi Is., Karaenta Forest Res. , Maros to Canba, alt. about 400m, 19 females and 22 males, on dead Palmae , 6.viii.1984, 56 females and 32 males, on dead Palmae, 1 female and 1 male, on dead branches, 5.viii.1984, SO. Peninsular Malaysia, about 20km N from Kuala Lumpur, Templer Park , 6 females and 1 male, 11.viii.1990, 1 male, 15.viii.1990, 1 female; Tapah, 16.ix.1990, TN & SO . Thailand, Phuket Is., nr. Tone Sai Waterfall , 1 female, 11.ix.1992, TN & SO .

Doubtful specimens. Borneo, Sabah, nr. Kundasang, foot of Mt. Kinabaru, 1 female and 2 males, on dead leaves and branches, 10.ix.1990, TN & SO. Taiwan, Pingtung Hsien, Kenting Park, 3 females and 1 male, on dead Palmae, 10.viii.1975, SO .

Remarks. H. adraneoides is apparently very similar to Adraneothrips species ( Dang et al., 2013), because it has the body small and feeble without distinct reticulation, the postocular setae more or less close together in female, fore femora and tibiae without any teeth or tubercles in male, and mesopresternum transverse, not divided. However, this species has the maxillary stylets close together medially, the pronotal anteroangular setae longer than anteromarginal setae in large male, the fore tarsal tooth present in both sexes, the postocular setae far apart from each other in male, the metathorax with weak sternopleural sutures and abdominal sternite VIII of male without pore plate. These character states are shared with certain Hoplandrothrips species, and not with Adraneothrips species. Despite the metathoracic sternopleural sutures being usually absent in New World species of Hoplandrothrips ( Mound & Marullo 1996) , they are probably usually present in Old World species ( Okajima 2006; Mound & Tree 2013). Moreover, males of H. adraneoides show remarkable allometric growth which is scarcely found in Adraneothrips , but both fore femoral apical tubercle and fore tibial sub-basal tubercle are absent even in large males. The non-paratypic specimens from Sulawesi, Indonesia, Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand listed above may be conspecific with this species, but with some small differences: the specimens from Sulawesi have the metanotal sculpture weaker and the specimens from Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand have the sub-basal wing setae S3 shorter. One female and two males collected from Borneo listed above in the doubtful specimens have no duplicated cilia on the fore wings, and three females and one male collected from Taiwan also listed in the doubtful specimens have the bodies larger and somewhat darker.

Figures

FIGURES 15–28. Ecacanthothrips and Hoplandrothrips species. E. tenuicornis 15–16: (15) female; (16) large male. E. tibialis 17–18: (17) female; (18) large male. H. adraneoides sp. n. 19–20: (19) female; (20) large male. H. aseanae sp. n. 21–23: (21) female; (22) small male; (23) large male. H. asianus sp. n. 24–25: (24) female; (25) male. H. basantratus sp. n. 26–27: (26) female; (27) large male. H. flavicornis sp. n.: (28) female.

FIGURES 136–143. Hoplandrothrips adraneoides sp. n. (136) Head and prothorax, female; (137) fore leg, female; (138) fore leg, small male; (139) fore leg, large male; (140) antennal segments II–VIII, female; (141) tube, female; (142) metanotum, female; (143) pelta, female.