Hoplandrothrips, Hood

Okajima, Shûji & Masumoto, Masami, 2024, The genus Hoplandrothrips and its relatives (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) from Southeast Asia and Taiwan, Zootaxa 5489 (1), pp. 22-91 : 36-37

Key to Hoplandrothrips species from Southeast Asia and Taiwan

1. Antennal segment III with four or five sense cones........................................................... 2

- Antennal segment III with two or three sense cones.......................................................... 4

2. Antennal segment III with five (rarely six) sense cones....................................... quinqueconus sp. n.

- Antennal segment III with four sense cones................................................................. 3

3. Head 1.15–1.30 times as long as wide in both sexes, sculptured entirely with distinct polygonal reticulation; antennal segment III and V subequal in length, segment V without apical neck; pelta with rather slender lateral wings; tibiae yellow; small to medium sized species, 1.8–2.7mm long............................................................... flavipes

- Head about 1.4–1.6 times as long as wide in female ( Fig. 187 ), 1.5–1.9 times in male ( Fig. 188 ), sculptured with fine reticulation, but reticles weaker behind posterior ocelli; antennal segment V longer than segment III, with distinct apical neck ( Fig. 189 ); pelta with rather thick lateral wings ( Fig. 193 ); mid and hind tibiae brownish; large sized species, 2.7–4.4mm long................................................................................................ formosae sp. n.

4. Head elongate, about 1.4 times as long as wide or longer, frequently with constriction just behind eyes; maxillary stylets rather short, retracted to basal 1/3–1/2 of head capsule, not reaching postocular setae..................................... 5

- Head shorter than 1.3 times as long as wide, often as long as wide, without distinct constriction behind eyes; maxillary stylets usually retracted to eyes, at least reaching postocular setae..................................................... 8

5. Prosternal basantra present ( Figs 167 & 239 ); body bicoloured (yellow and brown), at least anterior abdominal segment paler than pterothorax...................................................................................... 6

- Prosternal basantra absent ( Fig. 201 ); body uniformly brown to dark brown....................................... 7

6. Body largely yellow ( Figs 26 & 27 ); head, prothorax, abdominal segments II–VII and legs yellow; pterothorax brownish, abdominal segments VIII–IX and tube brown................................................. basantratus sp. n.

- Body largely brown to dark brown ( Figs 43 & 44 ); abdominal segments II–VI yellow to brown, gradually darkened exteriorly, at least segments II–III yellowish, but these segments sometimes darker in male.................... samirseni comb. n.

7. Antennal segment III yellow, about 2.0 times as long as wide ( Fig. 171 ); antennal segment VIII distinctly constricted at base, pedicellate; sub-basal wing setae S3 expanded ( Fig. 175 )......................................... flavicornis sp. n.

- Antennal segment III brown with extreme base yellowish, 1.5–1.7 times as long as wide ( Fig. 199 ); antennal segment VIII scarcely constricted at base; sub-basal wing setae S3 pointed, at least not distinctly expanded ( Fig. 203 )... graminicola sp. n.

8. Body bicoloured brown and yellow, or largely yellow........................................................ 9

- Body uniformly brown to dark brown.................................................................... 11

9. Antennal segment III with two sense cones; body bicolourous, head and prothorax brown, at least darker than pterothorax and abdomen except for brown tube................................................................... coloratus

- Antennal segment III with three sense cones; body largely yellow, head and thorax largely yellow.................... 10

10. Dorsal surface of head almost smooth ( Fig. 136 ); posterior ocelli not in contact with eyes; antennal segment VIII not distinctly constricted at base ( Fig. 140 ); maxillary stylets retracted to eyes; fore tarsus with a small tooth in female ( Fig. 137 ); fore femur and tibia unarmed even in large male ( Fig. 139 ); postocular setae about 1/2 length of eyes or shorter, rather close together in female; mesopresternum boat-shaped, not divided............................................. adraneoides sp. n.

- Dorsal surface of head fully sculptured with polygonal reticulation ( Fig. 144 ), but very weak; posterior ocelli in contact with eyes; antennal segment VIII constricted at base, pedicellate ( Fig. 150 ); maxillary stylets retracted to postocular setae, usually not reaching eyes; fore tarsus unarmed in female ( Fig 145 ); fore femur and tibiae armed with inner apical tubercles at least in large male ( Fig. 147 ); postocular setae much longer than 1/2 length of eyes, not close together in female; mesopresternum divided into two lateral large triangles and a small median sclerite ( Fig. 149 )........................... aseanae sp. n.

11. Head almost as long as wide, with bulged cheeks........................................................... 12

- Head longer than 1.1 times as long as wide................................................................ 14

12. Antennal segment III slightly longer than segment IV ( Fig. 257 ); cheeks finely tuberculate at least in female ( Fig. 255 ); abdominal sternite VIII without pore plate in male................................................ sulawesi sp. n.

- Antennal segment III as long as segment IV, or shorter; cheeks serrate, not tuberculate; abdominal sternite VIII with a median weak pore plate in male............................................................................... 13

13. Ocellar region almost smooth, without reticulation; eyes slightly larger on ventral surface ( Figs 177 & 178 ).... floresi sp. n.

- Ocellar region distinctly sculptured with fine reticulation; eyes not larger on ventral surface ( Figs 215 & 216 ).... obesametae

14. Mesopresternum boat-shaped, not divided ( Fig. 209 ); head and pronotum smooth ( Fig. 205 ); fore femur and tibia unarmed even in large male ( Fig. 208 ); postocular setae rather close together in female.............................. laurencei sp. n.

- Mesopresternum divided into three plates, lateral two triangles and median small plate; head and pronotum sculptured with reticulation; fore femur and tibia armed with tubercles in large male (male of thailandicus is unknown); postocular setae not close together in female............................................................................... 15

15. Antennal segment VIII distinctly constricted at base, pedicellate ( Fig. 156 ); all tibiae yellow; postocular setae much shorter than eyes ( Fig. 154 )............................................................................. asianus sp. n.

- Antennal segment VIII not constricted at base, cone-shaped (cf. Fig. 251 ); fore tibiae brownish, mid and hind tibiae dark brown, or at least brownish medially; postocular setae a little shorter than eyes.......................................... 16

16. Head about 1.2 times as long as wide ( Figs 244 & 245 ); antennal segment III rather slender, longer than 2.0 times as long as wide, longer than segment IV ( Fig. 250 ); mouth cone not reaching prospinasternum ( Fig. 252 ); sense cones on segment III stouter, a little shorter than 1/2 length of the segment................................................ sapae sp. n.

- Head about 1.1 times as long as wide, or shorter ( Fig. 264 ); antennal segment III short and stout, shorter than 1.9 times as long as wide, almost as long as segment IV, or a little shorter ( Fig. 265 ); mouth cone reaching prospinasternum ( Fig. 268 ); sense cones on segment III stouter, a little longer than 1/2 length of the segment.......................... thailandicus sp. n.

Figures

FIGURES 187–196. Hoplandrothrips formosae sp. n. (187) Head and prothorax, female; (188) head and prothorax, large male; (189) antennal segments III–V, female; (190) antennal segments VI–VIII, female; (191) fore leg, female; (192) fore leg, large male; (193) metanotum and pelta, female; (194) sub-basal wing setae, female; (195) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (196) tube, female.

FIGURES 161–169. Hoplandrothrips basantratus sp. n. (161) Head and prothorax, female; (162) antenna, female; (163) fore leg, female; (164) fore leg, large male; (165) metanotum, female; (166) pelta, female; (167) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (168) sub-basal wing setae, female; (169) tube, female.

FIGURES 233–243. Hoplandrothrips samirseni comb. n. (233) Head and prothorax, female; (234) fore leg, female; (235) fore leg, small male; (236) fore leg, large male; (237) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (238) antennal segments III–IV, female; (239) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (240) metanotum, female; (241) pelta, female; (242) sub-basal wing setae, female; (243) tube, female.

FIGURES 197–204. Hoplandrothrips graminicola sp. n. (197) Head and prothorax, female; (198) head and prothorax, large male; (199) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (200) metanotum, female; (201) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (202) pelta and abdominal tergite II, female; (203) sub-basal wing setae, female; (204) tube, female.

FIGURES 15–28. Ecacanthothrips and Hoplandrothrips species. E. tenuicornis 15–16: (15) female; (16) large male. E. tibialis 17–18: (17) female; (18) large male. H. adraneoides sp. n. 19–20: (19) female; (20) large male. H. aseanae sp. n. 21–23: (21) female; (22) small male; (23) large male. H. asianus sp. n. 24–25: (24) female; (25) male. H. basantratus sp. n. 26–27: (26) female; (27) large male. H. flavicornis sp. n.: (28) female.

FIGURES 43–55. Hoplandrothrips and Phlaeothrips species. H. samirseni comb. n. 43–44: (43) female; (44) large male. H. sapae sp. n. 45–47: (45) female; (46) small male; (47) large male. H. sulawesi sp. n. 48–50: (48) female; (49) large male; (50) small male. H. thailandicus sp. n.: (51) female. P. annamensis sp. n. 52–53: (52) small male; (53) large male. P. tonkinensis sp. n. 54–55: (54) female; (55) male.

FIGURES 170–176. Hoplandrothrips flavicornis sp. n., female. (170) Head and prothorax; (171) antenna; (172) antennal segments III–IV; (173) metanotum; (174) pelta; (175) sub-basal wing setae; (176) tube.

FIGURES 136–143. Hoplandrothrips adraneoides sp. n. (136) Head and prothorax, female; (137) fore leg, female; (138) fore leg, small male; (139) fore leg, large male; (140) antennal segments II–VIII, female; (141) tube, female; (142) metanotum, female; (143) pelta, female.

FIGURES 144–153. Hoplandrothrips aseanae sp. n. (144) Head, female; (145) fore leg, female; (146) fore leg, small male; (147) fore leg, large male; (148) metanotum and pelta, female; (149) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (150) antenna, female; (151) antennal segments III–V, female; (152) sub-basal wing setae, female; (153) tube, female.

FIGURES 255–263. Hoplandrothrips sulawesi sp. n. (255) Head and prothorax, female; (256) head and prothorax, large male; (257) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (258) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (259) fore leg, female; (260) fore leg, large male; (261) metanotum and pelta, female; (262) tube, female; (263) sub-basal wing setae, female.

FIGURES 177–186. Hoplandrothrips floresi sp. n. (177) Head and prothorax, female; (178) head and prothorax, male; (179) antennal segments III–IV, female; (180) antennal segments V–VIII, female; (181) metanotum and pelta, female; (182) fore leg, female; (183) fore leg, male; (184) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (185) sub-basal wing setae, female; (186) tube, female.

FIGURES 215–224. Hoplandrothrips obesametae. (215) Head and prothorax, female;(216) head and prothorax, large male; (217) metanotum and pelta, female; (218) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (219) antenna, female; (220) antennal segments III–V, female; (221) fore leg, female; (222) fore leg, large male; (223) sub-basal wing setae, female; (224) tube, female.

FIGURES 205–214. Hoplandrothrips laurencei sp. n. (205) Head and prothorax, female; (206) fore leg, female; (207) fore leg, male; (208) fore leg, large male; (209) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (210) metanotum, female; (211) pelta, female; (212) sub-basal wing setae, female; (213) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (214) tube, female.

FIGURES 154–160. Hoplandrothrips asianus sp. n., female (154) Head and prothorax; (155) metanotum and pelta; (156) antenna; (157) antennal segments III–V; (158) prosternum and mesopresternum; (159) sub-basal wing setae, female; (160) tube.

FIGURES 244–254. Hoplandrothrips sapae sp. n. (244) Head, female; (245) head, male; (246) fore leg, female; (247) fore leg, small male; (248) fore leg, large male; (249) metanotum and pelta, female; (250) antennal segments III–IV, female; (251) antennal segments VI–VIII, female; (252) prosternum and mesopresternum, female; (253) sub-basal wing setae, female; (254) tube, female.

FIGURES 264–270. Hoplandrothrips thailandicus sp. n., female. (264) Head and prothorax; (265) antenna; (266) fore leg; (267) metanotum and pelta; (268) prosternum and mesopresternum; (269) sub-basal wing setae; (270) tube.