Sinopoda pyramidalis, Zhong & Jäger & Chen & Liu, 2019

Zhong, Yang, Jäger, Peter, Chen, Jian & Liu, Jie, 2019, Taxonomic study of Sinopoda spiders from China (Araneae: Sparassidae), Zootaxa 4607 (1), pp. 1-81 : 65-68

Sinopoda pyramidalis sp. nov.

Figs 50–52 , 62

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7EFDD086-2B15-457F-9D5C-70D66D4A03E4

Type material. Holotype male: CHINA: Sichuan Province : Bazhong City, Nanjiang County, Guangwushan Scenic Area , 32.67°N, 106.80°E, 1003 m, native forest, 26 July 2014, L.Y. Wang & T. Lu leg. (CBEE). Paratypes: 2 males, 2 females, with same data as holotype ( CBEE) .

Etymology. The specific name comes from the Latin word pyramidalis , meaning “pyramidal” referring to the pyramidal lobal septum.

Diagnosis. Males of this species resemble those of Sinopoda serpentembolus Zhang, Zhu, Jäger & Song, 2007 ( Zhang et al. 2007: figs 3–4) in having the embolus strongly S-shaped and a similarly shaped RTA in ventral view, but can be separated by: 1. Embolus tip almost straight (significantly curved in S. serpentembolus ); 2. Tegulum proximally rounded (with distinct projection in S. serpentembolus ); 3. dRTA larger and distinctly longer than vRTA (roughly the same size and only barely longer in S. serpentembolus ). Female can be distinguished from other Sinopoda species by epigyne with pyramidal lobal septum and conspicuously narrow lateral lobes ( Figs 50 A–E, 51A–D, 52A–B).

Description. Male (holotype): Measurements: PL 5.9, PW 5.5; AW 2.7; OL 6.2, OW 3.4. Eyes: AME 0.22, ALE 0.33, PME 0.24, PLE 0.36, AME–AME 0.22, AME–ALE 0.08, PME–PME 0.32, PME–PLE 0.60, AME–PME 0.44, ALE–PLE 0.41, CH AME 0.23, CH ALE 0.27. Spination: Palp: 131, 101, 2121; Fe: I–III 323, IV 331; Pa: I–IV 101; Ti: I 3436, II–IV 2326; Mt: I–II 2014, III–IV 3136. Measurements of palp and legs: Palp 9.6 (3.3, 1.6, 1.7, –, 3.0); I 24.9 (6.7, 2.3, 6.8, 6.9, 2.2); II 28.4 (7.7, 2.3, 7.9, 8.0, 2.5); III 20.9 (5.4, 2.6, 5.7, 5.7, 1.5); IV 22.7 (5.9, 2.3, 6.2, 6.6, 1.7). Leg formula: II-I-IV-III. Cheliceral furrow with 3 anterior, 4 posterior teeth and ca. 22 denticles.

Palp as in diagnosis. Cymbium distinctly longer than tibia. Embolus arising from tegulum at 8 to 9-o’clockposition in ventral view, with embolus tip as long as embolic apophysis. Embolic apophysis pointed in distal part, forming a triangle. RTA arising medially from tibia, vRTA well developed, extending beyond to half of dorsal RTA ( Figs 50 A–C, 51A–D).

Colouration in ethanol. Dorsal prosoma yellowish- to slightly reddish-brown, lateral margins darker. Fovea and radial furrows distinctly marked. Labium and gnathocoxae yellowish-brown, both with distal parts brighter. Sternum yellowish-brown, with margin brown. Chelicerae deep reddish-brown. Legs yellowish- to slightly reddishbrown. Dorsal opisthosoma brown, with three pairs of dark patches laterally and one dark transversal band above spinnerets. Ventral opisthosoma brown with irregular pattern ( Figs 51 E–F).

Female: Measurements: PL 5.4, PW 5.2; AW 3.2; OL 7.8, OW 4.9. Eyes:AME 0.20, ALE 0.35, PME 0.32, PLE 0.37, AME–AME 0.30, AME–ALE 0.14, PME–PME 0.36, PME–PLE 0.65, AME–PME 0.48, ALE–PLE 0.47, CH AME 0.26, CH ALE 0.31. Spination: Palp: 131, 101, 2121, 1014; Fe: I–III 323, IV 321; Pa: I–IV 101; Ti: I–II 2026, III 2226, IV 2326; Mt: I–II 1014, III–IV 3036. Measurements of palp and legs: Palp 6.9 (2.3, 0.9, 1.4, –, 2.3); I 16.8 (6.8, 2.1, 7.2, 6.1, 2.2); II 18.9 (5.9, 1.7, 5.2, 4.5, 1.6); III 15.9 (4.9, 1.5, 4.3, 3.7, 1.5); IV 18.1 (5.3, 1.6, 4.6, 4.8, 1.8). Leg formula: II-IV-I-III. Cheliceral furrow with 3 anterior, 4 posterior teeth and ca. 33 denticles.

Copulatory organ as in diagnosis. Epigynal field wider than long, with short anterior bands. Lateral lobes fused, with small median incision. Internal ducts running parallel along the median line. Glandular appendages distinctly wider than posterior parts of spermathecae. Fertilization ducts arising posterioly ( Figs 50 D–E, 52A–B).

Colouration in ethanol. As in males ( Figs 52 C–D).

Distribution. China (Sichuan) ( Fig. 62 ).

Figures

FIGURES 50. Sinopoda pyramidalis sp. nov., holotype male and paratype female from Guangwushan Scenic Area. A–C Left male palp (A prolateral, B ventral, C retrolateral); D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal. AB—anterior bands, C—conductor, dRTA—dorsal retrolateral tibial apophysis, E—embolus, EA—embolic apophysis, FD—fertilization duct, GA—glandular appendage, LL—lateral lobes, LS—lobal septum, MS—membranous sac, PP—posterior part of spermathecae, SP—spermophor, ST—subtegulum, T—tegulum, vRTA—ventral retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 51. Sinopoda pyramidalis sp. nov., holotype male from Guangwushan Scenic Area. A–C Left male palp (A prolateral, B ventral, C retrolateral); D Left male palpal tibia, retrolateral; E–F Male habitus (E dorsal, F ventral). Scale bars: A–D 0.5 mm, E–F 2 mm.

FIGURES 52. Sinopoda pyramidalis sp. nov., paratype female from Guangwushan Scenic Area. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C–D Female habitus (C dorsal, D ventral). Scale bars: A–B 0.5 mm; C–D 2 mm.

FIGURES 62. Locality records for twenty-two species of Sinopoda: 1. S. abstrusa sp. nov. (Xizang); 2. S. aequalis sp. nov. (Henan); 3. S. apiculiformis sp. nov. (Hunan); 4, 5. S. brevis sp. nov. (Liaoning); 6, 7. S. changde sp. nov. (Hunan, Shaanxi); 8. S. columnaris sp. nov. (Guizhou); 9. S. curva sp. nov. (Guangxi); 10. S. dehiscens sp. nov. (Hunan); 11. S. erromena sp. nov. (Hunan); 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. S. globosa Zhang et al., 2015 (Guizhou, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); 25, 26. S. improcera sp. nov. (Yunnan); 27. S. lata sp. nov. (Yunnan); 28. S. liui Zhong et al., 2017 (Fujian); 14, 29, 30. S. longiducta Zhang et al., 2015 (Sichuan, Yunnan); 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41. S. longshan Yin et al., 2000 (Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan); 42, 43. S. luyui sp. nov. (Sichuan, Gansu); 44, 45. S. ovata sp. nov. (Chongqing); 14, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56. S. pengi Song & Zhu, 1999 (Yunnan); 57. S. pyramidalis sp. nov. (Sichuan); 58, 59. S. tumefacta sp. nov. (Yunnan); 14, 26, 29, 30. S. yaanensis sp. nov. (Sichuan, Yunnan); 60. S. yanlingensis sp. nov. (Hunan).