Scathophaga stercoraria ( Linnaeus, 1758 )

Šifner, František, 2008, A catalogue of the Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic region, with notes on their taxonomy and faunistics, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1), pp. 111-196 : 170-171

Scathophaga stercoraria ( Linnaeus, 1758)

Musca stercoraria Linnaeus, 1758: 599 .? SYNTYPES: Type locality not given; no additional data quoted in the original paper (depository unknown).

Musca exilis Harris, 1780: 117 .? HOLOTYPE: ♀, Great Britain, SE England (depository unknown); synonymized by PONT & MICHELSEN (1982: 33).

Note. The figure in the original publication shows a female. Harris’ collection is generally considered to have been destroyed ( PONT & MICHELSEN 1982: 26).

Musca merdaria Fabricius, 1794 . SYNTYPES: 2 specimens, Germany, ‘Habitat Kilia [= Kiel]’; 1 st specimen designated by J. R. Vockeroth 1954 as lectotype, 2 nd labeled by J. R. Vockeroth 1954 as paralectotype; lectotype designation not published (see ZIEMSEN 1964). Synonymized by RINGDAHL (1936: 171).

Scatophaga soror Wiedemann, 1818: 46 , syn. nov. SYNTYPES: 1 J 1 ♀, Republic of South Africa, Cape of Good Hope; J labelled as follows: 1 st label ‘coll. Wiedem. ( soror )’, 2 nd red label ‘Type’, 3 rd label ‘ Sc. soror mihi, Prom. bon spei,J, Ilesse’; ♀ labelled: 1 st label ‘coll.Winth. (soraria)’, 2 nd red label ‘Type’, 3 rd label ‘ soraria, ♀, Cap.’ (NHMW).

Note. VOCKEROTH (1958: 519) listed it as S. stercoraria soror Wiedemann, 1818 , and WERNER et al. (2006: 147) listed it as valid species. However, all characters of S. soror are within the limits of variability of S. stercoraria and I consider S. soror to be a junior synonym of S. stercoraria .

Amina parisiensis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 628 . HOLOTYPE: ♀, France, ‘trouvé à Paris [= discovered in Paris], […] en 1827, dans un endroit ombragé [= in 1827, in a shaded habitat]’ (depository unknown). Synonymized by PANDELLÉ (1904: 26).

Scatophaga capensis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 625 . HOLOTYPE: ♀, Republic of South Africa, ‘[…] rapporté du cap de Bonne-Espérance [= Cape of Good Hope], ‘[…] par feu M. Lalande’ [= M. Lalande leg.]’ (type lost; cf. VOCKEROTH 1958). Synonymized by VOCKEROTH (1958: 519).

Scatophaga claripennis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830:628 .? SYNTYPES: France, ‘[…] aux environs de Paris, dans les bois [= environs of Paris, in forests]’; no additional data quoted in the original paper (depository unknown). Synonymized by PANDELLÉ (1904: 26).

Scatophaga humilis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 628 .? SYNTYPES: France, ‘[...] originaire de Paris [= originating from Paris], […] la collection du comte Dejean [= the collection of count Dejean]’ (current depository unknown). Synonymized by PANDELLÉ (1904: 26).

Scatophaga lutipes Wiedemann, 1830: 448 . LECTOTYPE: ♀, Republic of South Africa, Cape of Good Hope; 1 st label ‘Type’, 2 nd label ‘ S. lutipes Wied. Cape Good Hope Decb. 1816’ (ZMUC); lectotype designated by VOCKEROTH (1958: 520); synonymized by VOCKEROTH (1958: 519).

Scatophaga merdivora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 625 . TYPE? SYNTYPES: Republic of South Africa, ‘du cap de Bonne-Espérance [= Cape of Good Hope], M. Guérin leg.’ VOCKEROTH (1958: 520) stated ‘Type lost (E. Séguy, Paris, pers. comm.)’; supposed synonymy by VOCKEROTH (1958: 519) (marked with a?).

Scatophaga hottentota Macquart, 1843: 185 . SYNTYPES: J ♀, Republic of South Africa, ‘Du Cap [= Cap of Good Hope]’ (types lost; see VOCKEROTH 1958: 520). Synonymized by VAN EMDEN (1941: 254).

Scatophaga helenae Thomson,1868: 562 . LECTOTYPE: J, Island of St. Helene, ‘ St. Helena. Kinb. Typus. Scatophaga helenae Thoms. ’ (NHRS); designated by VOCKEROTH (1958: 520). Synonymized by VOCKEROTH (1958: 519).

S catomyza erythrostoma Holmgren, 1883: 176 , syn. nov. HOLOTYPE: ♀, Russia, European part, Novaya Zemlya, ‘ Matotschkin Scharr [= Matochkin Shar]’ (probably MZLU).

Note. All characters of S. erythrostoma are within the limits of variability of S. stercoraria and I consider S. erythrostoma as a junior synonym of S. stercoraria .

Scatophaga merdaria var. asticha Szilády, 1926: 594 . SYNTYPES: Hungary, ‘von Budapest und Pustapó [= at

Budapest and (?)Pusztaszabocs]’; Tunisia, ‘aus Tunis’; Caucasus, ‘aus dem Kaukasus [= from Caucasus].

Note. Type material destroyed in Budapest in 1956. Originally described as variety ; GORODKOV (1986: 34) listed it as subspecies.

Scatophaga merdaria var. polysticha Szilády, 1926: 594 . SYNTYPES: Hungary, ‘in Ungarn’ ; Tunisia, ‘Tunis’.

Note. Type material destroyed in Budapest in 1956. Originally described as variety ; GORODKOV (1986: 34) listed it as subspecies.

Scatopaga stercoraria var. asticha Szilády, 1926: 594 .? SYNTYPES: Romania, ‘Topánfalva [= Cîmpeni]’.

Note. Type material destroyed in Budapest in 1956. Originally described as variety ; GORODKOV (1986: 34) listed it as subspecies.

Scatophaga stercoraria var. disticha Szilády, 1926:594 . SYNTYPES: Hungary, ‘ Ungarn’ ; Russia, ‘ Tomsk, Siberien [= Siberia, Tomsk] ’.

Note. Type material destroyed in Budapest in 1956. Originally described as variety ; GORODKOV (1986: 34) listed it as subspecies.

Scatophaga stercoraria var. nigricans Szilády, 1926: 595 .? SYNTYPES: Iceland, ‘aus Island [= from Iceland]’.

Note. Type material destroyed in Budapest in 1956. Originally described as variety ; GORODKOV (1986: 34) listed it as subspecies.

Scatophaga stercoraria var. alpestre Sack, 1937: 58 .? SYNTYPES: Type locality not given; no additional data quoted in the original paper (depository unknown).

Note. Originally described as variety; GORODKOV (1986: 34) listed it as subspecies.

New records. ICELAND: Brunnvatn , 4.vii.1948, 4 ♀♀ ; Reydarvatn , 24.viii.1948, 2 JJ 2 ♀♀ ; Lundarajkjaldalur , 26.viii.1948, 1 J 4 ♀♀, all Slípka leg. ( FSPC) . ITALY: Sicily, 1 J, without data ( NHMW: old collection) . SPAIN: Algeciras , 26.-30.iv.[19]25, 1J, Czerny leg. ( NHMW) . TUNISIA: Hamman , without data, 1913, Wagner leg. ( NHMW) .

Distribution. Afghanistan ( ŠIFNER 1969: 212); Andorra (CARLES- TOLRÁ 2006: 159); Austria ( FRANZ 1989: 119); Bosnia-Hercegovina ( STROBL 1900: 167); China ( CHEN 1940: 384); Croatia ( STROBL 1900: 167); Czech Republic ( ŠIFNER 2003a: 74); Denmark ( HACKMAN 1969: 179, RINGDAHL 1952: 185); Egypt ( BECKER 1903: 124); Estonia ( ELBERG 1965: 352); France ( BECKER et al.1910: 661, SÉGUY 1934: 699); Finland ( HACKMAN 1980: 131); Germany ( PÜCHEL 1999: 187); Great Britain ( CHANDLER 1998: 164); Hungary (DELY- DRAS- KOVITS 1981: 36, PAPP 2001a: 385); Iceland ( NIELSEN et al.1954: 109); Ireland ( CHANDLER 1998: 164); Italy ( GORODKOV 1974: 390); Japan ( FUKUHARA & KARAHASHI 1966a: 247); Lithuania ( PAKALNIŠKIS et al. 2000: 45); Mongolia ( GORODKOV 1974: 390, ŠIFNER 1975: 223); Norway ( NELSON & GREVE 2002: 46); Netherlands (DE JONG 2005); Poland (DRA- BER- MONKO 1991: 232); Portugal (CARLES- TOLRÁ 2006: 159); Romania (KOWARZ 1883: 462); Russia – European Russia, West Siberia, East Siberia, Far East ( GORODKOV 1970: 451); Slovakia ( ŠIFNER 2003a: 74); Spain ( STROBL 1899: 207, CARLES- TOLRÁ 2006: 159); Sweden ( HEDSTRÖM 1991: 144); Switzerland (MERZ & BÄCHLI 1998: 312); Tunisia (this paper); Nearctic region ( VOCKEROTH 1965: 839); Afrotropical region ( VOCKEROTH 1980: 714); Oriental region ( VOCKEROTH 1977: 438).