Crumenaria lilloi Suess.

Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana & Cusato, Leonor, 2013, The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae), Candollea 68 (2), pp. 267-277 : 272-276

4. Crumenaria lilloi Suess. in Lilloa 4: 134. 1939

( Fig. 1 , 6).

Lectotypus (designated here): ARGENTINA. Misiones: Santa Ana, 16.X.1912, F. Rodriguez 12549 ( M, digital image!; iso-: LIL [ LIL001701 ]!; SI!).

= Crumenaria polygaloides var. aurea Chodat in Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 3: 543. 1903. Ξ Crumenaria polygaloides subsp. paraguariensis Hassl. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 165. 1915. Typus: PARAGUAY. Canendiyú: in campo pr. Ipé-hú, Sierra de Maracayú , X.1898 -1899, Hassler 5186 (holo-: G [ G00306598 ]!) (synonymized by TORTOSA & al., 2013).

= Crumenaria polygaloides var. foliosa Chodat in Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 3: 542. 1903. Typus: PARAGUAY. Canendiyú: in campis pr. Igatimí , XI.1898 -1899, Hassler 5467 (holo-: G [ G00228951 ]!) (synonymized by TORTOSA, 2008).

= Crumenaria polygaloides f. glabrata Chodat in Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2, 3: 543. 1903. Ξ Crumenaria polygaloides var. discolor Hassl. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 165. 1915. Typus: PARAGUAY. San Pedro: in campis siccis in regione cursus superioris fluminis Apa, XII.1901 -1902, Hassler 8271 (lecto-: G [ G00228952 ]!) (synonymized by TORTOSA, 2008).

Perennial leafy herb, 20-, with a ligneous rhizome, 0.5- diam. Stems erect or decumbent, terete and striate, or subangled, 0.1- diam., ramified at the base, with short hairs. Leaves with stipules elliptic, 0.3- long, pubescent; petiole 1.5-; blade ovate or broadly-elliptic, 3- long × 1.2- broad, apex subacute or obtuse, base obtuse, margin entire or crenateserrate, pubescent on both surfaces or with the upper epidermis glaber and de basal epidermis with hairs on the nerves. Inflorescence terminal, peduncle 3.5- long, sometimes ramified, with branches ca. 0.5- long, ending in 4-9-flowered umbels. Flowers white or yellowish, with pedicels 3-; receptacle pubescent; floral tube campanulate, long, pubescent; sepals ca. long; petals ca. long; stamens with filaments long and anthers long; style long, 3-divided at the apex. Fruit 0.6- long × 0.8- broad, reticulate, glaber.

Distribution and habitat. – Crumenaria lilloi grows in grasslands in Paraguay, South Brasil and NE of Argentina ( TORTOSA, 2008; CUSATO & TORTOSA, 2013), at elevations from 120 to 320 m.

Phenology. – Crumenaria lilloi flowers from September to March.

Etymology. – Crumenaria lilloi was named in honor of Miguel Lillo (1862-1931), Argentine botanist and naturalist.

Discussion. – In the original description of C. lilloi , SUESSENGUTH pointed out that the materials on which he based his description were both at “herb. Munchen and Inst. Lillo, Tucumán ”. We choose the specimen at M as lectotype because it is more complete (two fertile stems vs. one fertile stem and three sterile in the specimen at LIL).

CHODAT (1903), who studied the genus Crumenaria in Paraguay, considered that all the materials collected by Emil Hassler in that country belonged to the Brasilian species C. polygaloides (= C. erecta ). On account of differences in the shape of leaves and in the general pubescence of the plants, he established three varieties and a form. Later, HASSLER (1915) tried a Paraguayan taxa’s reappraisal of his own. A synthesis on the typification of the numerous names involved and their taxonomic value is presented by TORTOSA & al. (2013) before the treatment of the Rhamnaceae for “Flora del Paraguay ” ( CUSATO & TORTOSA, 2013).

Additional specimens examined. – ARGENTINA. Corrientes: Ituzaingó: Ituzaingó, Rincón Ombú Chico , 11.X.1980, Schinini 20932 ( CTES); Ea. Puerto Valle , 23.X.1967, Myndel Pedersen 8678 ( NY); San Miguel, NE de San Miguel, rutas 5 y 117, Ea. Curuzú Laurel, 9.XI.1981, Schinini 21633 ( CTES). Misiones: A. de las Llamas , X.1901, s.coll. ( BAB). Bonpland, arroyo Mártires Chico, 16.I.1976, Krapovickas 28776 ( CTES). San Ignacio: San Ignacio, 11.X.1975, Zardini & al. 704 ( SI); San Ignacio, 21.IX.2000, Múlgura de Romero & al. 2191 ( SI).

PARAGUAY: see CUSATO & TORTOSA (2013).

Figures

Fig. 1. – Geographic distribution of Crumenaria decumbens Mart. () (South American specimens); C. erecta Reissek (); C. glaziovii Urb. (*); C. lilloi Suess. ().