Chone fauveli McIntosh, 1916

Tovar-Hernández, María Ana, 2007, On some species of Chone Krøyer, 1856 (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from world-wide localities, Zootaxa 1518, pp. 31-68 : 42-44

Chone fauveli McIntosh, 1916

Figure 6

Chone fauveli McIntosh, 1916: 36 –42, Pl. 2, Fig. 8 .— McIntosh, 1923: Pl. 121, Fig. 2 , Pl. 130, Fig. 2 .-- Knight-Jones, 1990: 275, Fig. 6.20.— Kirkegaard, 1996: 374, Fig. 214.-- Cochrane, 2000: 145.

Material examined. Non-type material. Norway [ ZMUB] 25115 Saltenfjord, 1900, 15– 20 m, Leg. Nordgaard (1); 25488 Skjaergården Sta. 91, Leg. Appeløf (1). [ ZMO] Bergen, Sta. 60, 29/4 (1); Oslofjorden, Vausu, Sars 90 (6). Scotland [ NMW.Z] Sullom Voe, Shetland: 1986.112.0 0 97, Sta. 6F, coarse silt, 5 m, Coll. OPRU 1985 (1); 1986.112.0 0 98, Sta. OV 4.1, very fine sand, 16 m, Coll. OPRU 1985 (1); 1987.137.0 0 25, Sta. 6, 8 m, Coll. OPRU (DL), June 1987 (1); 1987.137.0 0 26, Sta. OV 3, 17 m, Coll. OPRU (DL), June 1987 (1); 1997.078.0 0 63, Sta. B49, J, very fine sand, 53 m, Coll. IOE (1). Calback Ness and Little Roe, Sullom Voe, Shetland Isles: 1997.078.0 0 64, between, Sta. B49, K, medium sand, 31 m, Coll. IOE (1); 1998.062.0 0 62, Sta. B48, K, medium sand, 32 m, Coll. IOE, April 1988 (4). Northern North Sea [ NMW.Z] Norway Ekofisk Oilfield: 2000.002.0 0 0 6, Sta. E87, 31, 56 36’ N, 03° 12’ E, very fine sand, 68 m, Coll. OPRU, July 1987 (1); 2000.011.0 0 13, Sta. E80, 18, 56° 36’ N, 03° 12’ E, very fine sand, 71 m, Coll. OPRU, August 1980 (1); 2000.011.0 0 14, Sta. E80, 17, 56° 36’ N, 03° 12’ E, very fine sand, 71 m, Coll. OPRU, August 1980 (1). [ ZMH] P–15204, S. Loreley Bank, 4.5 JM, Grobsand & etw Schill, 37 m, April 25, 1966, Coll. STRIPP (1).

Additional material. Chone aurantiaca ( Johnson, 1901) [ MCZ 1933, holotype]. Chone magna ( Moore, 1923) [ USNM 17281, holotype]. Chone picta ( Verrill, 1885) [ YPM 30000, topotypes]. Chone veleronis Branchial lobes and branchial crown. Insertion of the branchial crown exposed dorsally beyond collar ( Fig. 6 A). Radioles: 12–22 pairs. Radioles with median pinnules slightly longer than proximal pinnules. Radiolar tips long. The palmate membrane (pm) extends about three quarters the length of the branchial crown ( Figs 6 E, J). Lateral flanges (fl) broad ( Fig. 6 J). Dorsal lips broadly rounded in frontal view, as long as wide, without mid-rib, resembling the ventral lips, longer than wide in dorso-lateral view. Dorsal pinnular appendages (dpa): 1–4 short pairs united by a palmate membrane ( Fig. 6 K). Ventral lips rounded, as long as wide, about one quarter the length of the dorsal lips. Ventral radiolar appendages: 1–2 pairs, short, as long as basal pinnules of the ventral most radiole.

Peristomium . Anterior peristomial ring lobe (aprl) not exposed beyond collar, distally entire, triangular ( Fig. 6 B). Posterior peristomial ring collar: antero-dorsal ( Fig. 6 A), ventral and lateral margins entire ( Figs 6 B, E), ventral margin higher than dorsal ( Fig. 6 B); longitudinal grooves on dorsal, ventral and lateral sides of collar; entire length of mid-dorsal collar margins forms a broad gap. Dorsal pockets well developed. Ventral shield of collar rounded ( Fig. 6 E) (not easily discernible). Ratio of posterior peristomial ring collar length versus chaetiger 2 length, in lateral view: 2:1.

Thorax. Chaetigers 2 to 8: notopodia– two irregular rows of elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae ( Fig. 6 I); one anterior row with narrow bayonet chaetae ( Fig. 6 G); two posterior rows with symmetrical; paleate chaetae with a short mucro ( Fig. 6 H); neuropodia– two irregular rows of acicular uncini per torus ( Fig. 6 F), second tooth enlarged, located in the midline, dentition covering one quarter of the main fang length. Glandular ridge on chaetiger 2 narrow.

Abdomen. Abdominal segments: 68–74. Anterior ( Fig. 6 C) and posterior uncini ( Fig. 6 D) similar, with the main fang surmounted by four rows of teeth equal in size, occupying less than half the length of main fang, main fang not extending beyond breast, breast rectangular. Pygidium with rounded posterior margin.

Methyl green staining. Body stains uniformly, except for the anterior margin of collar ( Figs 6 A–B, E).

Remarks. In C. fauveli , C. aurantiaca , C. magna , C. picta and C. veleronis , the ventral margin of collar is higher than dorsal margin, and the ratio of posterior peristomial ring collar length versus chaetiger 2 length, in lateral view is 2:1. Chone fauveli and C. veleronis have broad flanges and radiolar tips long, but the glandular ridge on chaetiger 2 is rounded in C. fauveli and sunglasses-shaped extending to the first half of the third segment in C. veleronis . The mucro of the paleate chaetae in C. fauveli is short while it’s missing in C. magna and C. picta , and minute, hair-like in C. aurantiaca . Among species of Chone included in this revision, C. fauveli is unique by having a rounded ventral shield of collar ( Table 2 ).

Chone infundibuliformis Kr Ø yer, 1856 new synonymy Figure 7

Chone infundibuliformis Krøyer, 1856 , 33.— Malmgren, 1866: 404 —405, Pl. 28, Fig. 87.— Malmgren, 1867: 116.— Cunningham and Ramage, 1887: 670, Pl. 44, Fig. 32.— McIntosh, 1916: 35, Pl. 2, Fig. 9 .— Fauvel, 1927: 334, Fig. 116a–o.— Wesenberg-Lund, 1950, 58.— Banse, 1972: 461 –465, Fig. 1 a–l.— Hartmann-Schröder, 1996: 550, Fig. 168a–h.— Tovar-Hernández and Sosa-Rodríguez, 2006: 37 –43, Figs 1–3.

Chone suspecta Krøyer, 1856: 33 –34.— Malmgren, 1866: 404.-- Hofsommer, 1913: 339 –342, Figs 13–15 .-- Cochrane, 2000: 135 –137.

Material examined. Type material. Chone infundibuliformis Kr ø yer, 1856 [ ZMUC POL –1749, lectotype], [ USNM 376, paralectotype], [ BMNH 82.5.12.33, paralectotype]. Chone suspecta Kr ø yer, 1856 [ ZMUC POL –1748, holotype, Kristianssund, Norway].

Observations on C. suspecta holotype. Specimen with histolysis, no branchial crown is preserved. Body length 11 mm, width 1.5 mm. Thoracic uncini with four rows of teeth above the main fang ( Fig. 7 A); paleate chaetae with medium-sized mucro ( Fig. 7 B); narrowly hooded bayonet chaeta ( Fig. 7 D); anterior abdominal uncini with squared breast ( Figs 7 E–G). Abdominal segments: 42. Spermatozoa with barrel-shaped nucleus; triangular, small acrosome and two small rounded mitochondria ( Fig. 7 C).

Remarks. Kr ø yer (1956) described Chone suspecta on the basis of a single specimen with damaged radioles. Malmgren (1866: 404) referred C. suspecta to C. infundibuliformis . Cochrane (2000) stated that the etymology suggested his uncertainty as to whether the specimen was representative of a discrete taxon or a juvenile form of C. infundibuliformis . This study confirms that C. infundibuliformis Kr ø yer, 1856 is a synonym of C. suspecta Kr ø yer, 1856. The name infundibuliformis has priority over suspecta and has been in frequent use since its inception and is the name used by most museum curators (Art. 23.1, International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 2000).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Structures of the branchial crown. (A) Branchial crown showing the branchial lobes (1) and radioles (2); (B) branchial lobes; (C) palmate membrane; (D) pinnules; (E) radiolar tip and flanges; (F) dorsal pinnular appendages, dorsal and ventral lip.

FIGURE 6. Chone fauveli. (A) Anterior end, dorsal view; (B) same, lateral view; (C) anterior abdominal uncinus; (D) posterior abdominal uncinus; (E) anterior end, ventral view; (F) thoracic uncinus; (G) bayonet chaeta; (H) paleate chaeta; (I) thoracic, elongate, narrowly hooded chaeta; (J) radioles and palmate membrane; (K) dorsal pinnular appendages. (A – B, E) Methyl green staining. (A – B, E, J – K) [ZMO Vaus ủ, Sars 90]; (C – D, F – I) [ZMUB 25488].

FIGURE 7. Chone infundibuliformis (holotype of C. suspecta). (A) Thoracic uncinus; (B) paleate chaeta; (C) spermatozoon; (D) bayonet chaeta; (E – G) anterior abdominal uncini. (A – G) [ZMUC POL – 1748, holotype].

FIGURE 8. Chone kroyerii. (A) Anterior end, ventral view; (B) same, dorsal view; (C) spermatozoon; (D) body, lateral view; (E – G) paleate chaetae; (H) bayonet chaeta; (I) very long, posterior abdominal chaeta; (J) thoracic uncinus; (K) anterior abdominal uncinus; (L) posterior abdominal uncinus. (A – B, D) Methyl green staining. (A – L) [ZMO Boūgestrommen].

FIGURE 9. Chone letterstedti. (A) Anterior end, dorsal view; (B) same, ventral view; (C) same, lateral view; (D) radiolar tip; (E) posterior abdomen, lateral view; (F) thoracic, elongate, narrowly hooded chaeta; (G – I) paleate chaetae; (J) thoracic uncinus; (K) anterior abdominal uncinus; (L) posterior abdominal uncinus; (M) very elongate, posterior abdominal chaeta. (A – M) [SMNH 576, holotype].

FIGURE 13. Chone paracincta. (A) Anterior end, lateral view; (B) same, dorsal view; (C) same, ventral view; (D) posterior end. (A – C) Methyl green staining. (A – D) [ZMH P – 15209, syntype].

FIGURE 14. Chone rosea. (A) Body, lateral view; (B) anterior end, ventral view; (C) same, dorsal view; (D) paleate chaeta; (E) thoracic uncinus; (F) spermatozoa; (G) radiolar tip; (H) anterior abdominal uncinus; (I) posterior abdominal uncinus. (B – C) Methyl green staining. (A – I) [ZMH P – 1502, holotype].

FIGURE 15. Chone sp. Aleutian Islands. (A) Anterior end, lateral view; (B) same, ventral view; (C) same, dorsal view; (D) spongy cushions; (E) posterior abdomen; (F) anterior abdominal uncinus; (G – H) posterior abdominal uncini; (I – K) paleate chaetae; (L) thoracic uncinus; (M) bayonet chaeta. (A – E) Methyl green staining. (A – M) [LACM – AHF, Aleutian Cruise].