Cyrtospiriferidae Termier and Termier, 1949

Ma, Xue-Ping, Sun, Yuan-Lin, Hao, Wei-Cheng & Liao, Wei-Hua, 2002, Rugose corals and brachiopods across the Frasnian- Famennian boundary in central Hunan, South China, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 (2), pp. 373-396 : 391-392

Family Cyrtospiriferidae Termier and Termier, 1949

Remarks.— Grabau (1931) described over 20 species or varieties of Sinospirifer and seven species of Cyrtiopsis from the Upper Devonian of South China (for recent revision see Ma and Day 1999). Tien (1938) designated S. sinensis as the type species of Sinospirifer and in the meantime renamed two genus group names: Tenticospirifer (type: Spirifer tenticulum ), and Hunanospirifer (type: H. wangi ). Hunanospirifer and Chinese “ Tenticospirifer ” are present in the Yunnanella bed of middle Famennian age. They are beyond the scope of this paper (for discussion on Chinese Famennian “ Tenticospirifer ” see Ma and Day 2000). Gatinaud (1949) proposed a radical subdivision of the Cyrtospirifer group chiefly based on Grabau’s 1931 work. Of the available names Tenticospirifer (Lamarckispirifer) may be valid. Wang et al. (1964), Pitrat (1965) and all subsequent workers consider that Sinospirifer to be a synonym of Cyrtospirifer . However, Carter et al. (1994) listed it as a valid genus.

Before a detailed study of the Chinese early Famennian cyrtospiriferids we would rather use Sinospirifer for the time being. Most of Grabau’s Famennian Sinospirifer species will be addressed in another paper (Ma and Day in preparation). And the late Frasnian small−sized cyrtospiriferids are described in Ma and Sun (2001). Those species will not be described or discussed in this paper except for their illustrations, including Cyrtospirifer cf. whitneyi ( Fig. 13A–E ), Cyrtospirifer? variabilis that features rare pustules both on plications and in grooves in some specimens ( Fig. 13F–J ), Mennespirifer yangqiaoensis ( Fig. 13K–O ), Lamarckispirifer hayasakai ( Figs. 14D–H and 15P, Q ), Sinospirifer gortanioides ( Figs. 14A–C and 15R ), S. pekinensis ( Fig.

14N–P), S. subarchiaci ( Fig. 14I–M ), S. subextensus ( Fig. 15K–O ), and S. sp.1 ( Fig. 13P ).

Figures

Fig. 13. A–E. Cyrtospirifer cf. whitneyi (Hall, 1858), sample S−Y−2, PUM 00011, dorsal, anterior, posterior, ventral and lateral views; × 1.5. F–J. Cyrtospirifer? variabilis Ma and Sun, 2001, sample S−25−2. F–I. Ventral, dorsal, posterior and lateral views of holotype PUM 00005; × 2. J. Anterior view of paratype PUM 00013, × 2. K–O. Mennespirifer yangqiaoensis Ma and Sun, 2001, sample S−H−0, lateral, posterior, ventral, anterior, and dorsal views of PUM 00036; × 2. P. Sinospirifer sp.1, sample C7, ventral view of PUM 00040, × 1. Q–U. Athyris supervittata Tien, 1938, sample S−Y−4, posterior, lateral, anterior, dorsal and ventral views of PUM 00047; × 3.

Fig. 14. A–C. Sinospirifer gortanioides Grabau, 1931, sample C−H, dorsal, ventral, and posterior views of PUM 98014; × 1.3. D–H. Lamarckispirifer hayasakai (Grabau, 1931), sample C−H, lateral, posterior, dorsal, ventral and anterior views of PUM 00025; × 1.3. I–M. Sinospirifer subarchiaci (Martelli, 1902), sample C−H, anterior, lateral, posterior, ventral and dorsal views of PUM 98001; all × 1.3 except K and L, × 1.5. N–P. Sinospirifer pekinensis Grabau, 1931, sample C−H, ventral, posterior and anterior views of PUM 980152; × 1.5.

Fig. 15. A–E. Platyspirifer paronai (Martelli, 1902), sample C−H.A. Interarea view of PUM 00026 showing the convex pseudodeltidium, × 2.75. B, C. Lateral and ventral views of PUM 00022; × 1.5. D, E. Dorsal and anterior views of PUM 00038; × 1.2. F–J. Cyrtiopsis? cyrtiopsiformis (Yang, 1977), sample C−H, anterior, ventral, dorsal, lateral, and posterior views of PUM 97011; all × 2 except I × 1.5. K–O. Sinospirifer subextensus (Martelli, 1902), sample C−H, anterior, posterior, dorsal, ventral and lateral views of PUM 00023; × 1.3. P, Q. Lamarckispirifer hayasakai (Grabau, 1931), sample C−H, anterior and posterior views of PUM 00028; × 1.3. R. Sinospirifer gortanioides Grabau, 1931; sample C−H, anterior view of PUM 98014, × 1.3.