Goodyera marginata Lindley (1840: 493)

Liu, Yan Wen, Zhou, Xiao Xu, Schuiteman, André, Kumar, Pankaj, Hermans, Johan, Chung, Shih Wen & Tian, Huai Zhen, 2019, Taxonomic notes on Goodyera (Goodyerinae, Cranichideae, Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) in China and an addition to orchid flora of Vietnam, Phytotaxa 395 (1), pp. 27-34 : 31-32

Goodyera marginata Lindley (1840: 493) ( Fig. 3 ).

Types: — INDIA. Kumaon, without date, Wallich (leg. Royle s.n.) 7394 A (syntype K-LINDL, K- 000364609!; isosyntype K-LINDL, K-000364612!) ; NEPAL, Gossain Than , July 1821, Wallich (leg. Emodi s.n.) 7394 B (syntype K-WALL, K- 001127283!) .

= Goodyera repens var. marginata (Lindl.) Tang & Wang (1951: 68) .

Description: —Terrestrial herbs, 10–25 cm tall. Rhizome elongate, repent. Stem glabrous. Leaves ovate-elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, subrosulate or spaced along stem, fleshy, subacute, green, with regularly white reticulate markings above and white band along midvein. Petiole-like base and tubular sheath 1.2–2.5 cm long. Inflorescence elongate, floriferous, subsecund, up to 20 cm long. Bracts pale grayish green, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 12 × 3 mm; ovary and pedicel cylindric-fusiform, pubescent, 7 × 4 mm. Peduncle pale green, vaginate, sparsely pubescent. Flowers resupinate, white or pale pink, not fully opened. Sepals greenish-pink, nearly glabrous, obtuse at apex, 1-veined, 5.0 × 2.5 mm; dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, appressed to petals forming a hood; lateral sepals falcate-oblong, oblique. Petals ovate-elliptic, 1-veined, glabrous, 4.5 × 1.5 mm. Lip ovate concave-saccate, with three dents outside, the middle one protuberant; epichile acute at apex, slightly recurved, pink at the bend. Column short, rostellum bifid, ca. 1 mm; anther obovate, beaked, pollinia clavate, sessile, yellow, ca. 1 mm long.

Additional specimens examined:— CHINA. Yunnan: Zhongdian, Haba Mt., Longwanbian , under Picea forests, 3500 m, 28 August 1962, Zhongdian Team 1615 (KUN- 0022289!, KUN- 0022290!, PE- 00339510!) ; Yunnan, 2500 m, 6 October 1889, Delavay J. M. 3877 ( K!) ; in reg. Talifu, August 1914, Schneider C. 2768 ( K!) ; Mid. - W. Yunnan, margins of shady forests, 98°58 ′ E, 25°45 ′ N, 2700 m, September 1924, Forrest G. 25128 ( K!, E- 00123113!) ; Yunnan, Mekong-Salwin divide, 28°10 ′ N, 3000 m, August 1917, Forrest G. 14505 (K- 000364598!, E- 00059056!) ; N.- W. Yunnan, 1913, Kingdon-Ward F. 1129 ( E!) ; Yunnan, Eastern flank of the Lichiang range, 27°35 ′ N, 3600 m, September 1910, Forrest G. 6737 ( E!) ; W. Yunnan, stony situations in pine forests on the eastern flank of the Tali Range, 3000– 3300 m, July 1906, Forrest G. 4874 (E- 00059058!) ; W. China, Yunnan, Shweli-Salwin divide, Western flank, shady situations in pine forests, 25°20 ′ N, 2400 m, August 1912, Forrest G. 9205 (E- 00123112!) ; W. China, Yunnan, Eastern flank of the Tali Range, shady places in pine forests, 25°40 ′ N, 3000–3300 m, September 1910, Forrest G. 6906 ( E!) ; Mekong-Salwin divide, shady places in the forests, 28°10 ′ N, 3300 m, September 1914, Forrest G. 13358 ( E!, PE- 00339511!) ; Yongde county, Wumulong village, Daliang Mt. , on the rocks of hillside, 2500 m, 11 August 2003, Liu E.D. et al. 03–251 (KUN- 0792051!) ; Yongde county, Little snowberg, grassy hillside, 19 August 2002, Liu E.D. 5827 (KUN- 0022363!) ; Weixi county, Kangpu village, mixed wood, 3300 m, July 1935, Wang C. W. 64469 (KUN-0022284!) ; Tibet: Bomi county, Qingduo village, 28 August 2009, Tian H. Z. & Li H. Q. 09006 & 09007 (HSNU-00061419!, HSNU- 00061333!) ; Jilong county , in forests, 2800 m, 21 July 1975, Qingzang Team 7043 (PE- 00805729!, PE- 00805730!) ; Jilong county , 2400 m, 14 July 1975, Qingzang Team 6812 (PE- 00805734!) ; Sichuan: Kangding county, Yulin village, Simaqiao farm, 2900 m, 24 July 1953, Tsiang H. L. 36419 (IBSC- 0647433!, IBK- 00145838!) ; Xichang county, Mazhan village, the Third brigade, in forests, 3100 m, 2 September 1928, Nanning Team 0632 ( SM!) ; INDIA. Kumaon, Darma valley, 7 September 1900, Inayat 24084a ( K!) ; Western Himalaya, Nainital, 22 July 1900, Inayat 24084 ( K!) ; Hab. Himal. Bor. Occ., Regio Temp., 1 September 1849, Thomson T. 346 ( K!) ; Punjab (Himachal Pradesh), 1885, Drummond J. R. 22380 ( K!) ; Mahasu, 13 August 1916, Rich H. H. 337 ( K!) ; Shimla, Observatory hill, 2100 m, 2 August 1878, Gamble 4645 A ( K!) ; Shimla, Prospect hill, 2100 m, 16 August , Gamble 4739 A ( K!) ; Punjab (Himachal Pradesh), Shimla, Shivaliks, 1885, Drummond J. R. 22664 ( K!) ; Punjab (Himachal Pradesh), Shimla, 1887, Drummond J. R. Kew No. 20903 ( K!) ; Uttarakhand, Tihri-Garhwál, Nagtibba, 2400–2700 m, June 1881, Sillor W. 2064 ( K!) ; Tihri-Garhwál, above Kharsali, Yamuna valley , in forests, 2400–2700 m, 28 August 1883, Duthie J. F. 522 ( K!) ; Uttarakhand, Kalimuri Kumaon, 2550 m, Strachey R. & Winterbottom J. E. 54 ( K!) ; Uttarakhand, Dhanaulti, Tehri Garhwal, near Mussoorie. 2100 m, 25 August 1944, Stewart R. R. 21191 ( K!) ; N. India, Landour , north side of forests, near Mussoorie, 2100 m, July 1930, Stewart R. R. 12833 ( K!) ; N.- W. Himalaya, Nagtibba, near Mussoorie, 2590 m, August 1898, Mackinnon P. 21750 ( K!) ; Uttarakhand, Dhanaulti, Tehri District, 5 March 2018, Kumar P. 12208 ( WII!) ; Surkhunda Devi, Tehri District, 6 March 2018, Kumar P. 12209 ( WII!) ; NEPAL. East side of summit of Tinjure Danda ridge between Door Pani and Chauki, on mossy bank in Rhododendron forests, 87°28 ′ E, 27°11 ′ N, 2790 m, 29 August 1989, Kew-Edinburgh-Kathmandu Expedition ( KEKE) 63 ( K!) ; C. Nepal, Marsiamdi valley, 2700 m, 24 August 1984, Stainton J.D. A. 8883 ( K!) ; Far W. Nepal, Bheri Zone, Dailekh & Karnali Zone, Kalikot District , Panipokhari (2020 m) – Bajangeneta (2220 m) – Beuli (2440 m) – Chaukebada (2340 m). 81°38 ′ 00 ″ E, 28°59 ′ 42 ″ N – 81°39 ′ 29 ″ E, 29°03 ′ 25 ″ N, in Rhododendron forests, 4 August 1991, Suzuki M. et al. 9160235 (E- 00113579!) ; C. Nepal, Langtang Himal, Bagmati Zone, Rasuwa District, Deolari (85°20 ′ E, 28°06 ′ N, alt. 2700 m)– Sing Gomba (85°20 ′ E, 28°06 ′ N, alt. 3450 m), 22 July 1995, Hoshino T. et al., 9539077 (E- 00113375!) ; N. Nepal, Chauki, 87°29 ′ E, 27°11 ′ N, 17 August 1972, Dobremez J. F. 15 37 (E- 00624084!) ; C. Nepal, Bagmati Zone, Rasuwa Distric, Dunche (1980 m) – Thulo Bhargu (1880 m) – Syabru Bensi (1430 m), 85°20 ′ E, 28°09 ′ N, 23 July 1994, Miyamoto F. et al. 9400001 (E- 00107464!) ; W. development region, Gandaki Zone, Gorkha District, Namrung to Lho, beyond Shyo, 84°43 ′ 14 ″ E, 28°34 ′ 10 ″ N, 2990 m, 1 August 2008, Manaslu 2008 Expedition 20817083 (E- 00656248!) ; C. Nepal, Bagmati Zone, Rasuwa District, Chyauche Kharka (3600 m) – a bridge (2010 m) – Lingju (2040 m), 85°07 ′ E, 28°14 ′ N, 12 August 1994, Miyamoto F. et al. 9420246 (E- 00107465!) .

Flowering: —June–October.

Habitat: —On mossy rocks or shady places in forests, also on open grassy slopes, 1500–3600 m.

Distribution: — China (Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan), India, Nepal.

Notes: —In view of its robust stature, bigger leaves with regularly white reticulate markings above and white band along midvein, nearly glabrous and larger flowers, Goodyera marginata can be easily differentiated from G. repens ( Fig. 4. C–I ). This is also confirmed by the results of phylogenetic analyses ( Hu et al. 2016).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Goodyera marginata. A. syntype (Wallich 7394B), reproduced with permission of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; B. plant and habitat; C. inflorescence; D. lateral view of a flower; E. pollinia; F. column; G. tepals.

FIGURE 4. Goodyera yunnanensis & G. repens. A–B. G. yunnanensis; C–I. G. repens;A. plant and habitat; B. inflorescence; C. plant; D. inflorescence; E. lateral view of a flower; F. tepals; G. column with ovary and pedicel; H. pollinia; I. anther.