Tominemoura, Sivec & Stark, 2009

Sivec, Ignac & Stark, Bill P., 2009, Tominemoura, A New Stonefly Genus From Sabah, East Malaysia (Plecoptera: Nemouridae), Illiesia 5 (20), pp. 199-203 : 199-201

Tominemoura , gen. nov.

Type species. Tominemoura trilari , sp. nov., by monotypy.

Adult habitus. General dorsal color brown. Head almost entirely dark brown, pronotum brown but with pale areas along lateral and posterior margins ( Fig. 1 ). Legs banded; hind legs with dark coxa and trochanter; femora with narrow basal and wider median and apical brown bands separated by a wide sub-basal and narrow subapical yellow band. Wing membrane pale brown, veins dark brown.

Gills. Four slender cervical gills present ( Fig. 6 ); outer gills 3-branched, inner gills 2-branched; all gill rami subequal in length and with common origin on respective inner or outer gill trunk.

Male. Most of dorsal epiproct sclerite membranous but covered with rows of tiny scale-like, triangular spines ( Figs. 2-3 ). Ventral epiproct sclerite large basally, curved upward as a pair of narrow straps dividing dorsal sclerite and extending around epiproct apex ( Figs. 2, 3, 5 ); center of ventral sclerite membranous and armed with a triangular patch of stout, backward directed spines visible in lateral aspect ( Fig. 5 ). Paraprocts with three lobes; outer lobe dorsad to mesal lobe in caudoventral aspect ( Fig. 4 ), hooked and armed with an apical patch of spines (Fig. 7). Mesal lobe broad at base and strongly narrowed to tips ( Figs. 4 , 7); inner lobes narrow, weakly sclerotized, much shorter than outer and middle lobes, and without spines. Hypoproct strongly tapered to a broadly triangular process ( Fig. 4 ) which terminates in a slender upturned filament-like structure not shown in figures; vesicle very long and with parallel margins beyond base ( Fig. 4 ). Cerci a single weakly sclerotized and somewhat barrel-shaped segment ( Figs. 2-4 ).

Female. Known from two pharate larvae. Sternum 8 bears a deep mesal notch and sternum 7 has a mesal plate covering at least the base of sternum 8 ( Fig. 15 ).

Larva. General color pale brown with irregular brown occipital maculations ( Fig. 8 ); mesonotum and metanotum with pale mesobasal spots. Marginal pronotal bristles long around anterolateral angles, short laterally but with a few longer ones at posterior angles ( Fig. 9 ); bristles becoming obsolete near median suture along both margins. Mouthparts of typical nemourid type but laciniae terminating in a vertical truncate blade like structure armed along ventroapical margin with several rounded teeth, subequal in size ( Figs. 13-14 ). Apical maxillary palpal segment bearing a small nipple. Gills as described above ( Fig. 6 ).

Diagnosis. Adults and larvae are distinguished from other Nemouridae by their unique gill structure which is most similar to Nanonemoura among known genera ( Baumann & Fiala 2001). However, in Tominemoura the respective inner and outer gill rami arise from a common trunk rather than from an elongate major ramus. The gill structure and the 3- lobed paraprocts of Tominemoura suggest it should be placed in subfamily Amphinemurinae (Baumann 1975) where its nearest relative may be Amphinemura .

Distribution. Known from Mt. Kinabalu at sites above 3000 meters.

Etymology. The prefix “ Tomi ” honors our colleague Dr. Tomi Trilar, from the Slovenian Museum of Natural History who provided the first specimens of this interesting stonefly.

Figures

Figs. 1-6. Tominemoura trilari structures. 1. Adult head and pronotum, 2. Male genitalia, dorsal, 3. Male genitalia, lateral, 4. Male genitalia, ventral, 5. Epiproct, lateral. 6. Larval gills showing three outer rami (above) and two inner rami (below), 7. Male paraproct, oblique lateral aspect.

Fig. 15. Tominemoura trilari female terminalia prepared from pharate larval specimen.

Figs. 8-12. Tominemoura trilari larval structures. 8. Habitus, 9. Margin of pronotum, 10. Antennal segments, 11. Abdominal tergum, 12. Cercal Segments.

Figs. 13-14. Tominemoura trilari SEM micrographs of larval mouthparts. 13. Lacinia, 14. Apex of lacinia.