Simothraulopsis,

Do, Jeane M. C., Salles, Frederico F. & Hamada, Neusa, 2017, Systematics of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae), Zootaxa 4285 (1), pp. 1-81: 74

Key to the species of the simothraulopsis  Edit

Male imagos

1. Penis lobes with lanceolate projection ( Figs 10 D, 30D, 45D); penis lobes, ventral region with a well-marked sclerotized region ( Figs 9 D, 29D, 44D)...................................................................................2

- Penis lobes with spine-like projection ( Figs 5 D, 15D, 40D); penis lobes, ventral region without a well-marked sclerotized region ( Figs 4 D, 14D, 39D)............................................................................. 4

2. Body, general coloration orangish; abdominal terga without whitish bands on basal region, tergum IX almost completely black contrasting with the coloration of the other abdominal terga ( Figs 44 A –B)............. Simothraulopsis inaequalis  Edit sp. nov.

- Body, general coloration varying from dark brown to blackish; abdominal terga with whitish bands on basal region, tergum IX without a contrasting color pattern ( Figs 9 A –B, 29A –B).......................................................3

3. Fore femur, basal 2/3 orangish brown and apical 1/3 whitish; abdominal tergum X whitish ( Figs 9 A, B); penis lobes fused on basal ¼, inner margin without a lobular area near fusion of lobes ( Fig. 10 D)..................... Simothraulopsis plesius  Edit

- Fore femur completely dark brown; abdominal tergum X brown ( Figs 29 A, B); penis lobes fused on basal half, inner margins with a lobular area near fusion of lobes ( Fig. 30 D).............................. Simothraulopsis caliginosus  Edit sp. nov.

4. Penis lobes fused on basal 2/3, inner margins parallel or subparallel ( Figs 25 D, 35E)................................5

- Penis lobes not fused on basal 2/3, inner margins divergent ( Figs 5 E, 15D)........................................ 6

5. Penes, dorsal region with a sclerotized thin plate; penis lobes, inner margin very close, almost touching ( Fig. 25 D); abdominal segments II –VI with translucent white basal bands ( Figs 24 A, B)............................... Simothraulopsis janae  Edit

- Penes, dorsal region without a sclerotized thin plate; penis lobes, inner margin not very close ( Fig. 35 D); only abdominal segments II –IV with translucent white basal bands ( Figs 34 A, B)..................... Simothraulopsis dominguezi  Edit sp. nov.

6. Penis projections either long (approximately as long as total length of penis lobes) or of median size (approximately half of the total length of penis lobes) and anteriorly directed ( Figs 5 E, 15E)................................................ 7

- Penis projections short (less than the half of total length of penis lobes) and directed to the midline of the body ( Figs 20 D, 40D).................................................................................................... 8

7. Forceps, basal region of segment I with a small concavity; penis lobes fused on basal 1/2 ( Figs 15 D, E); hind wing, lower portion completely brownish black ( Fig. 15 C)................................................ Simothraulopsis sabalo  Edit

- Forceps, basal region of segment I without a small concavity; penis lobes fused on basal 1/3 ( Figs 5 D, E); hind wing, lower portion almost completely black, except pale triangular area below vein R ( Fig. 5 C)............. Simothraulopsis demerara  Edit

8. Penis lobes widely separated, almost underneath by the forceps from ventral view ( Fig. 40 D); vein MP, fork symmetric ( Fig. 40 A)..................................................................... Simothraulopsis eurybasis  Edit sp. nov.

- Penis lobes separated by approximately width of a lobe ( Fig. 20 D, E); vein MP, fork asymmetric ( Fig. 20 A).......................................................................................... Simothraulopsis diamantinensis  Edit

Figures

FIGURE 4. Simothraulopsis demerara, imago. A) male, dorsal view; B) male, lateral view; C) female, dorsal view; D) male genitalia, ventral view.

FIGURE 5. Simothraulopsis demerara, male imago. A) forewing; B) hind wing; C) enlarged hind wing; D) genitalia, ventral view; E) penis lobes, detail.

FIGURE 9. Simothraulopsis plesius, male imago. A) habitus, dorsal view; B) habitus, lateral view; C) head and thorax, detail; D) genitalia, ventral view.

FIGURE 10. Simothraulopsis plesius, male imago. A) forewing; B) hind wing; C) enlarged hind wing; D) genitalia, ventral view.

FIGURE 15. Simothraulopsis sabalo, male imago. A) forewing; B) hind wind; C) enlarged hind wing; D) genitalia, ventral view (arrow indicate the small concavity on basal segment I of the forceps; E) penis lobes, detail.

FIGURE 20. Simothraulopsis diamantinensis, male imago. A) forewing; B) hind wing; C) enlarged hind wing; D) genitalia, ventral view; E) penis lobes, detail.

FIGURE 24. Simothraulopsis janae, male imago. A) habitus, dorsal view; B) habitus, lateral view; C) head and thorax, detail; D) genitalia, ventral view.

FIGURE 25. Simothraulopsis janae, male imago. A) forewing; B) hind wing; C) enlarged hind wing; D) genitalia, ventral view (arrow indicate the sclerotized thin plate on dorsal region of the penis).

FIGURE 29. Simothraulopsis caliginosus sp. nov., imago. A) male, dorsal view; B) male, lateral view; C) female, dorsal view; D) male genitalia, ventral view.

FIGURE 30. Simothraulopsis caliginosus sp. nov., male imago. A) forewing; B) hind wind; C) enlarged hind wing; D) genitalia, ventral view (arrow indicate the lobular area near fusion of lobes).

FIGURE 34. Simothraulopsis dominguezi sp. nov., male imago. A) habitus, dorsal view; B) habitus, lateral view; C) head and thorax, detail; D) genitalia, ventral view.

FIGURE 35. Simothraulopsis dominguezi sp. nov., male imago. A) forewing; B) hind wing; C) enlarged hind wing; D) genitalia, ventral view; E) penis lobes, detail.

FIGURE 40. Simothraulopsis eurybasis sp. nov., male imago. A) forewing; B) hind wind; C) enlarged hind wing; D) genitalia, ventral view; E) penis lobes, detail.

FIGURE 44. Simothraulopsis inaequalis sp. nov., imago. A) male, dorsal view; B) male, lateral view; C) female, dorsal view; D) male genitalia, ventral view.