Pyrops lathburii ( Kirby, 1818 )

Jiaranaisakul, Kawin, Constant, Jerome & Pinkaew, Nantasak, 2024, Review of the lanternfly genus Pyrops of Thailand (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) with notes and keys to species, Zootaxa 5397 (1), pp. 47-79 : 63-65

Pyrops lathburii ( Kirby, 1818)

( Figs 8 , 14C–E , 17A )

= Fulgora lathburii — Kirby, 1818: 450 [original description]; Guérin-Méneville, 1829: pl. 58 fig. 2 [illustrated]; Spinola, 1839: 234 [as “ Fulgora lathburyi ”, treated as a dark form of Pyrops candelaria Linné, 1758 (error!)]; Westwood, 1839: 139 [described]; Butler, 1874: 98 [listed with species with orange posterior hind wings]; Atkinson, 1885: 129 [described]; Distant, 1906: 186 [keyed, nomenclatur, described, as “ Fulgora lalhburi ” in “Série I”, species with orange wings, in a census of light-emitting insects]; Schmidt, 1911: 161 [as “ Fulgora lathburi ”, compared with Pyrops peguensis Schmidt, 1911 ]; Baker, 1925: 349 [keyed inside the candelaria species group], 351 [notes], pl. 3 fig. 2 [dorsal habitus], pl. 4 fig. 6 [dorsal habitus]; Lallemand, 1963: 86 [transferred to the pyrorhynchus species group, keyed, described], pl.11, figs. 1–3 [male terminalia].

= Hotinus lathburii — Amyot & Audinet-Serville, 1843: 491 [transferred to Hotinus Amyot & AudinetServille ]; Walker, 1851: 266 [listed, recorded from Silhet (= Sylhet, Bangladesh)].

= Pyrops lathburii — Schaum, 1850: 64 [transferred to Pyrops Spinola, 1839 ]; Nagai & Porion 1996: 25 [catalogued, recorded from Assam and Thailand], figs 194, 196, 198 [dorsal habitus]; Liang, 1998: 43 [listed]; Pham, 2011: 318 [recorded from Vietnam]; Constant, 2015: 9 [note on intraspecific colour variation]; Constant et al., 2016: 15 [in list of species to look for in Cambodia]; Constant & Pham, 2017 [plant association]: 18; Wang et al., 2018: 297 [keyed], 301 [nomenclature, measurements, description of male genitalia, diagnostic characters; records in China], figs 18–29 [colour variation, details of head, male terminalia]; Constant, 2021: 14 [compared with Pyrops philippinus (Stål, 1870) ]; Jiaranaisakul & Constant, 2021: 18 [in list of species to look for in Khao Krachom Mountain, Thailand]; Constant & Pham 2022: 131 [catalogued,], 134–138 [compared to P. astarte (Distant, 1914) , taxonomic notes, intraspecific variation], figs 6–8 [type illustrated], 14 [habitus illustrated].

= Fulgora astarte —Distant, 1914: 409 [described].

= Laternaria astarte — Metcalf, 1947: 186 [transferred to Laternaria Linnaeus, 1764 , catalogued].

= Laternaria lathburii — Metcalf, 1947: 197 [transferred to Laternaria Linnaeus, 1764 , catalogued].

= Pyrops astarte — Nagai & Porion, 1996: 25 [transferred to Pyrops , catalogued, recorded from Vietnam and Thailand], figs 195, 197, 199 [dorsal habitus]; Pham & Ta, 2004: 58 [in key to Fulgoridae of Vietnam]; Liang, 1998: 42 [listed]; Pham, 2011: 318 [recorded from Vietnam]; Constant 2021: 14 [compared with Pyrops philippinus (Stål, 1870) ].

Diagnosis. (1) cephalic process rather robust, brown with apex yellow or orange ( Fig. 8C–D ); (2) colour of the tegmina greatly variable, ranging from very dark forms (nearly black with yellow spots ringed with white; see Constant & Pham, 2022: Fig. 14 ), to very pale forms (nearly white with yellow spots or even nearly white with cloudy darker, brownish markings in place of the yellow spots; fig. 8 A); (3) disc of posterior wings yellow orange or milky white ( Fig. 8A ); (4) abdomen yellow orange dorsally and black ventrally ( Fig. 8B ).

Mesurements and ratio. TL: ♁ (n = 1): 38 mm; ♀ (n = 5): 44.1 mm (43.1–45.2 mm); TL+process: ♁ (n = 1): 52.4 mm; ♀ (n = 5): 60.3 mm (59–61.4 mm); LTg/BTg = 2.82; BF/BPrH = 2.03; LPr/LF = 3.16; LPr/BPrH = 7.33.

Material examined. 1♁, 2♀♀: Chiang Rai Province, Wiang Pa Pao District, Mae Chedi , 2.VI.2021, Local collector leg., KJ02-00223—KJ02-00225 ( RBMF) ; 3♀♀: Chiang Rai Province, Wiang Pa Pao District, Mae Chedi , 23.IV.2022, K. Jiaranaisakul leg., KJ02-00284—KJ02-00286 ( THNHM) ; 1 ♀; Phrae Province; May 2004; ex coll. Neef de Sainval; I.G. 30.731; RBINS • 1 ♁, 1♀; Chiang Rai Province; Wiang Pa Pao ; [19°20′54″ N, 99°30′24″ E]; 10–15 Apr. 2008; ex coll. A. Chaminade; I.G. 31.467; ( RBINS)

Material examined from photographs. 1 ex. ( Fig. 14C ): Loei Province, Phu Ruea National Park , 18 Jun 2018, © W. Ponsa ; 1 ex. ( Fig. 14D ): same data, 14 Jun 2020, © R. Sribun ; 1 ex. ( Fig. 14E ): Phitsanulok Province, Thung Salaeng Luang National Park , 17 May 2022, © P. Wirawannawin .

Material examined from iNaturalist.

Chaiyaphum Province: Nong Bua Daeng Dist. , 16°23’00.0”N 101°34’00.0”E, 1 specimen: 1 ex., 4.VI.2022, noppawan1 .

Chiang Mai Province: Chom Thong Dist. , 18°32’00.0”N 98°31’00.0”E, 9 specimens: 1 ex., 25.IV.2005, markread; 1 ex., 15.VI.2023, k_jiaranaisakul; 1 ex., 11.VI.2023, mayoh; 1 ex., 9.VII.2023, goong2; 1 ex., 14.VII.2023, goong2; 1 ex., 10.VIII.2023, goong2; 1 ex., 17.VIII.2023, andrewpierce; 1 ex., 18.VIII.2023, goong2; 1 ex., 27.VIII.2023, goong2; Galyani Vadhana Dist ., 1 specimen: 1 ex., 19°04’00.0”N 98°20’00.0”E, 1 specimen: 1 ex., 21.V.2021, ayuwat; Mueang Chiang Mai Dist., 18°47’00.0”N 98°58’00.0”E, 1 specimen: 1 ex., 17.VII.2011, k_ jiaranaisakul; Omkoi Dist., 17°51’00.0”N 98°22’00.0”E, 14.X.2022, napasorn_chw; Samoeng Dist. , 18°55’00.0”N 98°43’00.0”E, 21.XI.2020, lesday .

Chiang Rai Province: Wiang Pa Pao Dist. , 19°08’00.0”N 99°29’00.0”E, 1 specimen: 1 ex., 23.V.2022, k_jiaranaisakul .

Loei Province: Phu Kradueng Dist. , 16°55’00.0”N 101°46’00.0”E, 1 specimen: 1 ex., 3.X.2022, apichart_ songsangchun .

Phitsanulok Province: Nakhon Thai Dist. , 17°00’00.0”N 100°59’00.0”E, 1 specimen: 1 ex., 31.VII.20122, woraphot .

Distribution. China, India, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam ( Constant & Pham 2022).

Notes. Specimens were observed and collected from an unidentified plant in the family Meliaceae together with P. clavatus , P. spinolae , S. bullata and S. cardinalis in the montane forest (1300–1410 alt.) in Chiang Rai Province. The species was also observed on Cratoxylum cochinchinense (Lour.) Blume ( Hypericaceae ) (new plant association) ( Fig. 14 C ), Dalbergia cultrata Grah. ex Benth. ( Fabaceae ) (new plant association) ( Fig. 14 D ) in Phu Ruea National Park, Loei Province; Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese. ( Pinaceae ) (new plant association) in Phitsanulok Province (fig. 14 E).

Figures

FIGURE 8. Pyrops lathburii (Kirby, 1818), ♁, Chiang Rai Province, Wiang Pa Pao District, Mae Chedi, 2.VI.2021 (RBMF). (A) Habitus, dorsal view;. (B) habitus, ventral view; (C) habitus, lateral view; (D) head and thorax, dorsal view; (E) head, perpendicular view of frons.

FIGURE 14. Pyrops spp.living specimens.(A) P.atroalbus (Distant, 1918), Chiang Mai Province,Mae Rim District, 14.III.2016, © P. Jirasuttayaporn; (B) P. clavatus (Westwood, 1839), Kamphaeng Phet Province, Khlong Lan District, Mae Wong National Park, 3.VII.2022, © tew_angkanensis (inaturalist.org/observations/146833242); (C–E) P. lathburii (Kirby, 1818): (C) Loei Province, Phu Ruea National Park, 18.VI.2018, © W. Ponsa, (D) same data, 14.VI.2020, © R. Sriburin. E. Phitsanulok Province, Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, 17.V.2022, © P. Wirawannawin.

FIGURE 17. Distribution map of Pyrops spp. (A) P. karenius (Distant, 1891), red circle; P. lathburii (Kirby, 1818), yellow triangle; P. oculatus (Westwood, 1838), green square; (B) P. peguensis (Schmidt, 1911), red circle; P. pyrorhynchus (Donovan, 1800), yellow triangle; P. spinolae (Westwood, 1842), green square.