Spinolafoenus ruficornis ( Spinola 1851 ) Spinola, 1851

Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz, 2009, Generic classification for the Gasteruptiinae (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) based on a cladistic analysis, with the description of two new Neotropical genera and the revalidation of Plutofoenus Kieffer, Zootaxa 2075, pp. 1-32 : 16-19

Spinolafoenus ruficornis ( Spinola 1851) n. comb.

( Figs. 4 , 6f , 7 f, 11g –h, 12d, 13f, 14e, 15)

Foenus ruficornis Spinola, 1851: 551 –552 (description); Casolari and Casolari-Moreno, 1980: 80 (catalog). Gasteruption ruficorne: Schletterer, 1885 (redescription), 312 (list); Schletterer, 1890: 478 –479 (redescription); Dalla Torre, 1902: 1071 (catalog); Kieffer, 1902: 9 (catalog); Kieffer, 1912: 239 (in key), 315 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 36 (catalog).

Holotype. Not examined (Spinola stated one male). Type locality: CHILE (southern part of the country). According to Casolari and Casolari-Moreno (1980), it is deposited in the Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali ( MRSN) in Torino.

Specimens examined. Seventeen specimens (7 females, 10 males). CHILE: (locality not specified), I.1920, E.C. Reed, 1 Ƥ, 3 3 ( USNM); Atacama: Huasco, 12.X.1980, L.E. Peña, 1 3 ( AEIC); Curicó: 6km E. Los Quenes, 1.IV.1967, L.A. Stange, 1 Ƥ ( IMLA); Los Quenes, Estero la Jaula, 4–18.I.1964, L.E. Peña, 1 Ƥ ( AEIC); San Felipe de Aconcágua: Guardia Vieja, XI.1953, L.E. Peña, 6 3 ( AEIC); Rio Blanco, 5–8.XII.1961, L.E. Peña, 1 Ƥ ( AEIC); Santiago: San Ramón, I.1975 , L.E. Peña, 3 Ƥ ( AEIC).

Diagnosis. Occipital margin crenulate; mesosoma uniformly areolate; mesonotum truncate; ovipositor sheath longer than T2+T3 and shorter than metasoma; ovipositor sheath, most of metasoma, and legs red brown.

Description. Female (1st record). Length: 15.5 mm (14.5–17.9 mm) (n=7); ovipositor sheath length 0.43 (0.39–0.45)X body length.

Head. Black, rugulose to imbricate, wider than long ( Fig. 11 g); head length 1.29 (1.25–1.37)X eye length; eye length 7.12 (6.42–8.00)X malar space; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital margin 2.34 (2.11–2.69)X distance between posterior ocelli; antenna red brown, with tip of apical flagelomerum dark brown; 1st flagellomere 0.94 (0.88–1.00)X as long as scape, 2.15 (1.91–2.40)X as long as pedicel, 1.11 (1.05–1.17)X as long as 2nd flagellomere; mandible medial tooth developed; frontal carina absent; posterior ocellus inserted at level of upper eye margin ( Fig. 11 g); occipital carina wide dorsally and laterally.

Mesosoma. Black; fore and middle legs with coxa black and remaining portions red brown; hind leg with coxa black, trochanter, femur and tarsus red brown, tibia red brown in proximal portion and dark brown in distal portion; mesosoma (excluding propleuron) 1.46 (1.36–1.57)X as long as high; propleuron 1.00 (0.91–1.12)X longer than its largest wide, 0.72 (0.63–0.79)X pronotum length; metacoxa 1.92 (1.74–2.03)X as long as wide; metatibia 4.03 (3.72–4.31)X as long as wide, 1.31 (1.28–1.35)X as long as femur, 3.62 (3.31–3.87)X as long as 1st tarsomere; propleuron punctate; remaining portions of mesosoma, except legs, deeply areolate ( Figs. 12 d, 13f, 14e); fore wing vein 2–Cu arqued ( Fig. 7 f), vein r–m spectral ( Fig. 4a ); hind wing with vein 2M+Cu pigmented; 5 hamuli.

Metasoma. Red brown, with some portions black, imbricate, 2.56 (2.41–2.77)X as long as mesosoma; ovipositor sheath red brown, 0.73 (0.64–0.78)X as long as metasoma ( Fig. 4 ).

Male. Similar to female; 4–6 hamuli (4/5: 12.5%; 5/5: 62.5%; 5/6: 12.5%; 6/5: 12.5%).

Distribution. Chile (Atacama, Curicó, San Felipe de Aconcágua, Santiago) ( Fig. 15 ).

Comments. This is the only Gasteruptiidae species recorded in Chile. The identification of the examined specimens was based on the original description, which is not complete, but affords determination. The four specimens deposited in the USNM collection were identified as Gasteruption ruficorne by J.J. Pasteels.

Figures

FIGURE 11. Head in dorsal and lateral views. a – b: Plutofoenus chaeturus; c – d: P. e d w a rd s i; e – f: P. paraguayensis; g – h: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; i – j: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; k – l: T. plaumanni; m – n: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets).

FIGURE 12. Mesonotum in dorsal view. a: Plutofoenus chaeturus; b: P. e d w a rd s i; c: P. paraguayensis; d: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; e: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; f: T. plaumanni; g: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets).

FIGURE 15. Geographic distribution of the species of Plutofoenus, Spinolafoenus and Trilobitofoenus.

FIGURE 4. a – b: Spinolafoenus ruficornis habitus. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets).

FIGURE 6. a – g: Head in anterior view. a: Aulacus sp. A; b: Pseudofoenus infumatus; c: Gasteruption bispinosum; d: G. nasutum (without scale); e: Plutofoenus edwardsi; f: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; g: Trilobitofoenus plaumanni; h – i: Left mandible in frontal view (without scale). h: G. bispinosum; i: Plutofoenus edwardsi. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets).

FIGURE 7. a – b: Left fore wing (scale bar: 1.0 mm). a: Pseudofoenus infumatus; b: Gasteruption bispinosum; c – h: Left fore wing discal cell (without scale); c: G. bispinosum; d: G. p a r v u m; e: Plutofoenus edwardsi; f: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; g: Trilobitofoenus plaumanni; h: T. alvarengai. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic