Aporocotylidae, Odhner, 1912
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.06.008 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E3-FFF1-FF96-FFBC-F7F6FE1FDE73 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Aporocotylidae |
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3.3. Aporocotylidae View in CoL sp. ex. Solen viridis ( Fig. 16−21 View Fig View Fig )
3.3.1. Description of sporocyst and cercaria (based on 5 fixed, whole-mounted cercariae, specimens prepared for SEM, and live cercariae collected and photographed from a single crushed bivalve, S. viridis )
Sporocyst spheroid, thin-walled, enveloping fewer than 12 cercariae, 91–133 (103 ± 15, 8) in diameter. Rediae not observed.
Body of cercaria non-acetabulate, apharyngeate, non-ocellate, 79–89 (83 ± 4, 6) long, 27–30 (28 ± 1.1, 6) wide or 2.6–3.3 × longer than wide, recurved ventrally, kidney bean-shaped ( Figs. 16 View Fig and 17 View Fig ), with dorsal fin fold ( Fig. 16 View Fig ), having spines distributing along lateral body margin. Spines of lateral body margin protruding from tegument approximately 0.25 in anterior body region ( Fig. 19 View Fig ), having pointed tips, spine tips in posterior region of body margin embedded in tegument, distributed in transverse rows along lateral body margin of body; transverse spine rows numbering approximately 24–27 per side of body of a total of 48–54 total rows ( Figs. 17 and 19 View Fig ), each comprising 3–4 spines ( Fig. 19 View Fig ), approximately 1.3–2 (4) in breadth. Fin fold extensively membranous, vulnerable to fixation artifact, observed in live specimens only, dorsomedial, 15 in maximum height. Body pores probably secretory in nature (or possibly representing “penetration glands”) and probable sensory pores; secretory pores having secretion appearing as a loose conglomeration of small spheroid droplets ( Figs. 20 and 21 View Fig ); sensory pores with central nipple-like structure surrounded by several laterally-directed extension, appearing as a spoked wheel in SEM, distributed about body surface as well as terminally on anterior body end ( Figs. 20 and 21 View Fig ). Anterior sucker 7 long, 5 wide, spinous ( Fig. 18 View Fig ); anterior sucker spines minute, visible with SEM at 1700× magnification only (indistinct in live and whole-mounted specimens), distributed in concentric rows (cf. spinous anterior sucker of teleost blood flukes), protruding from tegument approximately <1, forming four concentric pre-oral rows ( Fig. 18 View Fig ).
Tail brevifurcate ( Fig. 16 View Fig ), comprising a tail stem and a pair of furcae; tail stem 156–234 (202 ± 28, 8) long or 1.8–2.5 × body length, 17–28 (22 ± 3.7, 7) wide or 7.0–11.7 × longer than wide or 0.6–0.8 × body width; base 7–10 (8.6 ± 1.1, 5) wide at connection to body, lacking obvious fin fold ( Fig. 16 View Fig ) but perhaps having extremely thin, delicate fold; furcae asymmetrical, appearing boot-shaped in lateral view, lacking fin fold; longest furca 17–22 (18 ± 2.1, 5) long or 6 × longer than shortest furca, 5 (5) wide or 3.4–4.0 × longer than wide; shortest furca 3–5 (4.2 ± 0.8, 5) long or 14–29% of longest furca length ( Fig. 16 View Fig ).
3.3.2. Taxonomic summary
Type and only reported host: Green jackknife clam, Solen viridis Say, 1821 ( Bivalvia: Adapedonta : Solenidae ).
Type locality: Mississippi Sound , ~ 6 km north/northwest of the west end of Horn Island, Mississippi (30̊14′35.6″N, 88̊ 46′52.9″W), northern Gulf of Mexico, USA .
Prevalence and intensity of infection: One of 10s of green jackknife clams had hundreds of cercariae.
Specimens deposited: Vouchers ( USNM 1578587–1578589), GenBank Nos. (28S: MN 244240).
3.3.3. Taxonomic remarks
The sporocyst is similar in size to those of C. asymmetrica and E. zappum ; however, it is <1/2 of the maximum diameter of the sporocyst infecting P. deltoides . The sporocyst from S. viridis differs from these other sporocysts by having as many as 12 cercariae, whereas that of E. zappum and C. asymmetrica had 5–7 and 4–8, respectively. The new cercaria is most similar to C. asymmetrica , E. zappum , and the cercaria that infects P. deltoides in that it is apharyngeate, non-ocellate, brevifurcate, spinous, and by the presence of a dorsal fin fold and lacking furcal fin folds. It differs from C. asymmetrica and E. zappum by the combination of having 4 rows of concentric anterior spines (vs. 6) ( Fig. 12 View Figs ; 18 View Fig ), lateral body spines that protrude 0.25 from the tegumental surface (vs. 0.7–1), and having furcae that are 2 × shorter in length. The new cercaria differs from the cercaria infecting P. deltoides by having lateral body spines.
| USNM |
Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History |
| MN |
Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro |
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.