Sida rhombifolia Linnaeus (1753: 684) var. rhombifolia

Brandão, José Lourenço, Baracho, George Sidney, Sales, Margareth Ferreira De & Filho, Marcelo Paulino Viegas, 2017, Synopsis of Sida (Malvaceae, Malvoideae, Malveae) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, Phytotaxa 307 (3), pp. 205-227 : 218-219

15. Sida rhombifolia Linnaeus (1753: 684) var. rhombifolia ( Figs. 5D , 7A ). Lectotype (designated by Rodrigo 1944: t. 28):— Habitat in India utraque, rhombifolia . 2., Herb. Linnaeus 866.3 (lectotype, LINN, photo!; isolectotype, S, photo!).

Taxonomic notes: — Sida rhombifolia var. rhombifolia belongs to the section Sidae series Sida ( Krapovickas 2014) based on the following combination of features: leaf blades rhomboid, rhombic to rhombic-lanceolate, farinaceous, adaxial surface stellate-pubescent, with sparse simple trichomes, abaxial surface densely stellate-puberulent; flowers solitary in the axils or in small aggregated racemes; calyx prominently 10-ribbed at base; corolla yellow without a red center; and mericarps 9–11, 1–2-spines, 0.5–4 mm long.

Distribution and habitat: —This is a pantropical and subtropical species and almost cosmopolitan ( Krapovickas 2014), occurring throughout the tropics of both the Old and the New Worlds and extending well into the temperate zones ( Fryxell 1988). It’s widely distributed through tropical America including all Brazilian regions ( Fuertes 1993). In Pernambuco, this species occurs from Littoral to Caatinga, in disturbed secondary forests, mix of the dry caatinga vegetation and brejos de altitude, and in dry river beds, plantations, ruderal places or wastelands. It grows in small to large populations.

Representative specimen: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco. Maraial, Engenho Curtume, 25 August 1996, fr., J.A. Siqueira-Filho & G.S. Baracho 103 (UFP).

Figures

FIGURE 5. A: Sida jussiaeana, flower and leaves. B–C: Sida linifolia. B: flower; C: schizocarps. D: Sida rhombifolia var. rhombifolia, flower. E–F: Sida salviifolia. E: flowers and leaves; F: schizocarp with mature mericarps. G–H: Sida santaremensis. G: schizocarp with mature mericarps. H: habit. Photos: G.S. Baracho.

FIGURE 7. A–B: Distribution maps of Sida species in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. A: Sida pernambucensis (Ì); S. planicaulis (|); S. rhombifolia var. rhombifolia (Ɨ); S. salviifolia (D); S. santaremensis (Î); S. setosa (Δ). B: Sida spinosa (z); S. tuberculata var. pseudo-rhombifolia (|); S. uchoae (Ɨ); S. ulei (D); S. ulmifolia (Î); S. urens (Δ).