Phortica (Ashima), Chen, 2011

Toda, Masanori J., Bänziger, Hans, Sati, Pradeep C., Fartyal, Rajendra S., Suwito, Awit & Katoh, Toru, 2020, Taxonomy and evolution of asymmetric male genitalia in the subgenus Ashima Chen (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Phortica Schiner), with descriptions of seven new species, Zootaxa 4789 (1), pp. 1-54 : 9-10

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4789.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:311A27A2-A053-4D20-A43E-EF57DBE55166
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221266
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C86C16-EB2E-5753-FF6E-DBBEFE55FD01
treatment provided by	Plazi (2020-06-08 07:39:26, last updated 2024-11-24 19:54:26)
scientific name	Phortica (Ashima)
status

Treatment

Subgenus Ashima Chen, 2011 View in CoL

Ashima Chen View in CoL in Cao et al., 2011: 682 (as subgenus of Phortica View in CoL ); Gong et al., 2018: 438. Type species: Phortica xyleboriphaga Senior-White, 1921 View in CoL .

Diagnosis. Projections at anterolateral corners of the cibarium longer than 1/2 width of cibarial, anterior margin (ch.10-1; Fig. 2C View FIGURE 2 ); mid-dorsally constricted epandrium (ch.29-1; Figs 3B,D View FIGURE 3 , 4B View FIGURE 4 , 6D View FIGURE 6 , 7E View FIGURE 7 , 8G View FIGURE 8 , 9F View FIGURE 9 ); less sclerotized, broad lobe-like surstylus (ch.34-1; Figs 3E View FIGURE 3 , 4B View FIGURE 4 , 5C View FIGURE 5 , 6D View FIGURE 6 , 7E View FIGURE 7 , 9F View FIGURE 9 ); hypandrium with a pair of anterolateral, inward extensions articulated to base of pregonite (ch.42-1; Figs 3C,F View FIGURE 3 , 4D View FIGURE 4 , 5E View FIGURE 5 , 6G View FIGURE 6 , 7F View FIGURE 7 , 8J View FIGURE 8 , 9I View FIGURE 9 ).

Shared characters. Characters described as commonly seen across this subgenus (the Phortica foliiseta species complex at that time) by Chen et al. (2005b) are not repeated here. Occipital setae on lower portion shorter than postocular setae (ch.2-0; Figs 7A View FIGURE 7 , 9A View FIGURE 9 ). Pedicel with only 1 thick seta (ch.4-0; Figs 2A View FIGURE 2 , 4A View FIGURE 4 , 5A View FIGURE 5 , 6A View FIGURE 6 , 7C View FIGURE 7 , 8A View FIGURE 8 , 9B View FIGURE 9 ). Clypeus medially pale (ch.8-1; Fig. 8F View FIGURE 8 ). Lateral membrane of proboscis scale-like patterned (ch.13-1; Fig. 2D View FIGURE 2 ). Prominent postpronotal seta 1. Epandrium not extended at anteroventral corner (ch.30-1; Figs 3D View FIGURE 3 , 4B View FIGURE 4 , 6D View FIGURE 6 , 7E View FIGURE 7 , 8G View FIGURE 8 , 9F View FIGURE 9 ). Surstylus completely or largely covered with epandrium (ch.36-1; Figs 4B View FIGURE 4 , 7E View FIGURE 7 , 8G View FIGURE 8 , 9F View FIGURE 9 ), with pubescence (ch.38-0; Figs 3E View FIGURE 3 , 4B View FIGURE 4 , 5C View FIGURE 5 , 6D View FIGURE 6 , 7E View FIGURE 7 ). Cercus longer than twice of width (ch.39-0; Figs 3B,D View FIGURE 3 , 4B View FIGURE 4 , 5C View FIGURE 5 , 6D View FIGURE 6 , 7E View FIGURE 7 , 8G View FIGURE 8 , 9F View FIGURE 9 ). Pregonite articulated to tip of aedeagal guide (ch.54-1; Figs 3G View FIGURE 3 , 4I View FIGURE 4 , 5G View FIGURE 5 , 6E View FIGURE 6 , 7G View FIGURE 7 , 8D View FIGURE 8 , 9C View FIGURE 9 ), without sensilla on apical portion (ch.51-0; Figs 3G,H View FIGURE 3 , 4C View FIGURE 4 , 5D View FIGURE 5 , 6E View FIGURE 6 , 7G View FIGURE 7 , 8I View FIGURE 8 , 9G View FIGURE 9 ). Phallapodeme vertically flat plate, with posterior, rod-like process apically articulated to aedeagal median rod (ch.60,61-1; Figs 3G,H View FIGURE 3 , 4C View FIGURE 4 , 5D View FIGURE 5 , 6E View FIGURE 6 , 7G View FIGURE 7 , 8I View FIGURE 8 ). Aedeagal sheath with more or less sclerotized postgonite(s) (ch.64-1; Figs 3 View FIGURE 3 F–H, 4D, 5D,E, 6F,H, 7F, 8I–K, 9G–I).

Key. The digital, multiple-entry key “ Ashima View in CoL ( Diptera : Drosophilidae View in CoL : Phortica View in CoL )” to all species of this subgenus has been constructed largely based on the character matrix of Appendix 1, and its database package including software instructions is available from the following website: https://drive.google.com/open?id=10ht68FhP1DJDg h2T33kZn7I2ro8YGGX0.

References

Cao, H. L., Wang, X. L., Gao, J. J., Prigent, S. R., Watabe, H., Zhang, Y. P. & Chen, H. W. (2011) Phylogeny of the African and Asian Phortica (Drosophilidae) deduced from nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 61, 677 - 685. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2011.08.002

Chen, H. W., Toda, M. J. & Gao, J. J. (2005 b) The Phortica (s. str.) foliiseta species-complex (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from China and its adjacent countries. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 30, 419 - 429.

Gong, L., Zhu, L. & Chen, H. W. (2018) Six new species of the subgenera Alloparadisa and Ashima (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Phortica) from Yunnan, China, with DNA barcoding information. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, New Series, 54, 434 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2018.1491327

Senior-White, R. A. (1921) New Ceylon Diptera. Spolia Zeylanica, 11, 381 - 396. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 12654

Figures

FIGURE 2. Phortica (Ashima) efragmentata Toda, sp. nov. (♂ holotype).A, Antenna; B, palpus; C, cibarium (dorsal view); D, proboscis (lateral view); E, fore tarsus; F, abdomen (dorsal view); G, legs; H, abdominal sternites. Abbreviations: a s, anterior sensilla; m s, medial sensilla; p s, posterior sensilla; s c, sensilla campaniformia; s-I–IV, sternites I–IV; t-I–IV, tergites I–IV. Character states are indicated in the form of ‘character No.-state code’. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in A–D; 0.5 mm in E–H.

FIGURE 3. Phortica (Phortica) pappi (Tsacas & Okada, 1983) (A; ♂ from Cape Tribulation, Queensland, Australia), Phortica (Ashima) machoruka Prigent & Chen, 2008 (B, C; ♂ holotype), Phortica (Ashima) efragmentata Toda, sp. nov. (D–G; ♂ ho- lotype) and Phortica (Ashima) afoliolata Chen & Toda, 2005 (H; ♂ paratype from Jianfeng, Ledong County, Hainan, China). A, B, D, Periphallic organs (caudolateral view in A and D; caudal view in B); C, pregonites and hypandrial phragma (ventral view); E, surstylus; F, phallic organs (ventral view); G, H, phallic organs (lateral view). Abbreviations: aed gd, aedeagal guide; aed m r, aedeagal median rod; aed s, aedeagal sheath; cerc, cercus; epand, epandrium; goncx, gonocoxite; hypd ph, hypandrial phragma; phap, phallapodeme; phap pr, posterior rod-like process of phallapodeme; preg, pregonite; postg, postgonite; sur, surstylus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 4. Phortica (Ashima) andreagigoni Toda & Bänziger, sp. nov. (♂ holotype). A, Antenna; B, periphallic organs (cau- dolateral view); C, aedeagus, phallapodeme, hypandrium and pregonite (lateral view); D, aedeagal sheath, postgonites, hypandrium and pregonites (ventral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 5. Phortica (Ashima) watabei Sati & Fartyal, sp. nov. (♂ paratype). A, Head (frontal view); B, abdominal sternites; C, periphallic organs (caudal view); D, E, phallic organs (lateral and ventral views, respectively; B-type). Scale bars: 0.1 mm in C–E; 0.5 mm in A, B.

FIGURE 6. Phortica (Ashima) halimunensis Toda, sp. nov. (A–G; ♂ paratype) and Phortica (Ashima) longipenis Chen & Wen, 2005 (H; ♂ paratype). A, Antenna; B, prementum; C, abdominal sternites; D, periphallic organs (caudolateral view); E, phal- lic organs (lateral view); F, aedeagal sheath and aedeagal median rod (ventral view); G, hypandrium, pregonites and aedeagus (ventral view); H, aedeagus and aedeagal sheath (A-type; ventral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm in A, B, D–H; 0.5 mm in C.

FIGURE 7. Phortica (Ashima) akutsui Toda, sp. nov. (♂ holotype). A, Head (caudal view); B, frons; C, antenna; D, abdominal sternites; E, periphallic organs (caudolateral view); F, postgonites (anteroventral view); G, H, phallic organs (lateral and ventral views, respectively). Abbreviations: dl t a, dorsolateral, tentorial apodeme; pocl s, postocular setae. Scale bars: 0.1 mm in B, C, E–H; 0.5 mm in A, D.

FIGURE 8. Phortica (Ashima) kerinciensis Toda, sp. nov. (♂ paratype). A, Antenna; B, posterior portion of scutum (dorsal view); C, medial and posterior sensilla on cibarium (dorsal view); D, fore tarsus; E, abdominal sternites; F, habitus (ventral view); G, periphallic organs (caudolateral view); H, aedeagus and postgonites; I–K, phallic organs (lateral, ventral and ventrolateral views, respectively; B-type). Scale bars: 0.1 mm in A, C, D, G–K; 0.5 mm in B, E, F.

FIGURE 9. Phortica (Ashima) takehiroi Toda, sp. nov. (♂ paratype). A, Head (caudal view); B, antenna; C, palpus and prob- ocsis; D, prementum; E, abdominal sternites; F, periphallic organs (caudolateral view); G–I, phallic organs (lateral, ventrolateral and ventral views, respectively). Scale bars: 0.1 mm in B–D, F–I; 0.5 mm in A, E.