Stenus metallicus, ERICHSON, ERICHSON

Puthz, Volker, 2016, Übersicht über die neotropischen Arten der Gattung Stenus LATREILLE mit seitlich gerandetem Abdomen und ungelappten Tarsen (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 350. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Steninen, Linzer biologische Beiträge 48 (2), pp. 1551-1634 : 1555-1559

Key to the species of the S. metallicus - group

(S= sternum; T= tergum)

1 Brachypterous .....................................................................................................................2

- Macropterous ......................................................................................................................6

2 Brownish .............................................................................................................................3

- Black, elytra with reddish spots...........................................................................................4

3 Punctation of elytra distinctly defined (fig. 306). ♂: E (fig. 310). ♀: S8 (fig. 313.). 3.6- 5.0mm (FB 1.9-2.1mm). Costa Rica......................................................... S. electrus PUTHZ

- Punctation of elytra rugose/confluent (fig. 307). ♂: E (fig. 308). ♀: S8 (fig. 322). 3.5- 4.2mm (FB 1.9-2.1mm). Costa Rica............................................ S. cerromuertanus PUTHZ

4 Punctation of elytra strongly confluent (fig. 38). EW: EL<1,1mm). ♂: E (figs 312). ♀: S8 (about as in fig. 294). 4.0-5.2mm (FB 2.3-2.4mm). Bolivia............................................. .......................................................................................................... S. vermiculifer nov.sp.

- Punctation of elytra distinctly defined.................................................................................5

5 Elytra shorter: EW: EL  1.41, punctation of frons denser, interstices on lateral portions smaller than diameter of punctures. Elytral spot shorter, less long than antennal segments 9-11 combined. ♂: E (fig 186, 192). ♀: S8 (fig. 278). 3.8-5.0mm (FB 1.0- 2.0mm). Ecuador.............................................................................. S. clunispicatus PUTHZ

- Elytra longer: EW: EL <1.20, punctation of frons less dense, interstices on lateral portions often larger than diameter of punctures. Elytral spot longer, at least as long as antennal segments 9-10 combined. ♂: unknown. ♀: S8 (fig. 298). 4.5-4.5mm (FB 2.3mm). Colombia.......................................................................... S. simpliciclunis PUTHZ

6 Brownish. ♂: E (fig. 309). ♀: S8 (fig. 323). 4.0-5.0mm (FB 2.0-2.2mm). Costa Rica; Panama..................................................................................................... S. fuscatus PUTHZ

- Black, elytra with OR without elytra spots..........................................................................7

7 Elytra uniformely black.......................................................................................................8

- Elytra with reddish/orange spots. (In the following species the elytral spot may become more or less obsolete: S. clavalipenis nov.sp., S. cibdelos nov.sp., S.multispinus nov.sp.)..............................................................................................................................19

8 Larger, FB ≥2.4mm.............................................................................................................9

- Smaller, FB <2.3mm .........................................................................................................13

9 Abdominal punctation coarse and extremely dense, interstices on T7 smaller than half diameter of punctures (e. g. fig. 129) ................................................................................10

- Abdominal punctation less coarse and less dense, interstices on T7 larger than half diameter of punctures (fig. 119) ........................................................................................11

10 ♂: Metasternum (fig. 155), S8 (figs 140, 141), E (fig. 225). ♀: S8 (fig. 297). 5.0- 5.5mm (FB 2.6-2.7mm). Panama; Costa Rica................................... S. punctiventris SHARP

- ♂: Metasternum (fig. 156), E (fig. 226). ♀: S8 (as in fig. 297). 5.0-6.0mm (FB 2.8mm). Guatemala; Mexico; Honduras................................................... S. repletus SHARP

11 Black with aeneous lustre, metatibiae bicolorous. ♂: E (fig. 210). ♀: S8 (fig. 288). 4.7- 5.7mm (FB 2.5-2.6mm). Mexico...................................................... S. metallicoides PUTHZ

- Black without metallic lustre, metatibiae unicolourous.....................................................12

12 Legs reddish brown. ♂: E (figs 184, 193). ♀: S8 (fig. 280). 4.7-5.5mm (FB 2.5- 2.6mm). Panama; Costa Rica.................................................................. S. corrosus SHARP

- Legs black. ♂: Unknown. ♀: S8 (fig. 290). 4.8-5.3mm (FB 2.6mm). Guatemala................ ............................................................................................................. S. nigrivestis nov.sp.

13 Punctation of elytra very dense but mostly distinctly definined........................................14

- Punctation of elytra confluent/rugose................................................................................16

14 Punctation of posterior tergites finer and sparser, interstices on T7 larger, twice and more as large as punctures (fig. 104). ♂: E (figs 175, 176, 190). ♀: Unknown. 3.8- 4.3mm (FB 2.2mm). Costa Rica......................................................... S. bierigianus nov.sp.

- Punctation of posterior tergites less fine and less sparse, interstices on T7 distinctly less large (figs 119, 124) ..........................................................................................................15

15 Abdominal punctation denser, interstices on lateral half of tergite 5 smaller than half diameter of punctures; T7 (fig. 119). ♂: E (figs 205, 211). ♀: S8 (fig. 314). 4.0-4.7mm (FB 2.1-2.3mm). Venezuela; Panama.............................................. S. metallicus ERICHSON

- Abdominal punctation less dense, interstices on lateral portion of tergite 5 about as large as punctures, T7 (fig. 124). ♂: E (figs 215, 216). ♀: S8 (fig. 292). 3.3-3.7mm (FB 2.1mm). Ecuador..................................................................... S. paucidentatus nov.sp.

16 Smaller, FB ≤2.2mm. Median portion of frons impunctate or sparsely punctate. Sculpture of elytra very coarse and irregular (figs 61, 62) ................................................17

- Larger, FB 2.2mm. Median portion of frons densely punctate. Elytra (fig. 304). E (figs 187, 196, 197). ♀: Unknown. 4.3-5.0mm. Guatemala......................... S. illevigatus nov.sp.

17 Punctation of frons coarser, punctures about as large as median cross section of antennal segment 2. Sculpture of elytra coarser (figs 61, 62). ♂: Apical notch of S8 deeper, occupying about posterior half, E (figs 235-237, 248-251). ♀: S8 (fig. 302). 3.5-4.5mm (FB 2.0-2.2mm). Costa Rica; Panama................................ S. trifidus L. BENICK

- Punctation of frons less coarse, punctures smaller than median cross section of antennal segment 2. Sculpture of elytra less coarse. ♂: Apical notch of S8 less deep.....................18

18 Punctation of forebody less coarse, denser (figs 56, 70). ♂: E (figs 206, 212), median lobe with few larger denticles. ♀: S8 (fig. 289). 3.0-4.0mm (FB 1.7-1.8mm). Panama; Costa Rica........................................................................................... S. mucronatus SHARP

- Punctation of forebody coarser and less dense (figs 49, 69). ♂: E (fig. 199), median lobe without larger denticles. ♀: S8 (about as in fig. 300). 3.5-4.0mm (FB 2.0-2.1mm). Peru.................................................................................................................... inka PUTHZ

19 Each elytron with two spots (the lateral spot extending to epipleurae) OR with one large spot extending laterally to epipleurae................................................................................20 Each elytron with only one elytral spot dorsally ...............................................................31

20 Larger: FB>3.2mm ..........................................................................................................21

- Smaller, FB <2.7mm .........................................................................................................22

21 Dorsal elytral spot larger, sculpture distinctly confluent (fig. 28). ♂: Trochanter (fig. 99), E (fig. 221), apical portion of median lobe asymmetrical. S8 (fig. 293). 6.5-7.5mm (FB 3.5mm). Peru; Bolivia; Ecuador; Colombia; Venezuela............. S. perpulcher SOLSKY

- Dorsal elytral spot less large, sculpture scarcely confluent (fig. 21). ♂: Trochanter (fig. 103), E (fig. 194), median lobe bilateral symmetrical. 5.3-6.8mm (FB 3.3-3.4mm). Colombia; Ecuador................................................................................. S. falcatipes PUTHZ

22 Head broader: HW: EW 0.80-085 .....................................................................................23

- Head less broad: HW: EW ≥0.90 ......................................................................................25

23 Punctation of T7 coarser and denser (fig. 138), elytral spot larger (fig. 38). ♂: E (fig. 243, 312). ♀: S8 (about as in fig. 294). 4.0-5.2mm (FB 2.3-2.4mm). Bolivia...................... .......................................................................................................... S. vermiculifer nov.sp.

- Punctation of T7 less coarse and less dense (fig. 127), elytral spot less large (e. g. fig. 52) .....................................................................................................................................24

24 Elytra broader: EW: EL  1.06 (fig. 52). ♂: E (figs 222, 233). ♀: S8 (fig. 294). 4.3- 5.3mm (FB 2.4-2.5mm). Colombia.................................................. S. perscabratus nov.sp.

- Elytra less broad: EW: EL  1.11 (fig. 19). ♂: Unknown. ♀: S8 (fig. 279). 4.0-4.8mm (FB 2.2-2.3mm). Bolivia................................................................... S. duplicigutta nov.sp.

25 Elytral sculpture less coarse (fig. 23). ♂: E (fig. 204). ♀: S8: posterior margin broadly rounded. 4.3-5.3mm (FB 2.4-2.5mm). Ecuador........................................... S. kapac PUTHZ

- Elytral sculpture coarser ....................................................................................................26

26 Dorsal and lateral elytral spots separate ............................................................................27

- Dorsal and lateral elytral spots confusing............................................................................8

27 ♂: E (figs 247, 269). ♀: S8 (fig. 319). 4.5-5.5mm (FB 2.5-2.6mm). Colombia; Venezuela; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia.............................................. S. vermicularis L. BENICK

- ♂: E (figs 258, 271). ♀: S8 (about as in fig. 279). 4.5-5.3mm (FB 2.2-2.4mm). Ecuador …………………………………………………………………… S. vermivestis nov. sp

28 Punctation of T7 coarser and denser, interstices at most twice as large as punctures........29

- Punctation of T7 less coarse and less dense, interstices larger than twice as large as punctures ...........................................................................................................................30

29 Elytra shorter and more rugosely sculptured (fig. 27). ♂: E (figs 170, 220, 232). ♀: Unknown. 4.0-4.8mm (FB 2.4mm). Colombia............................................ S. pecki nov.sp.

- Elytra longer and less rugosely sculptured (fig. 25). ♂: E (fig. 229). ♀: Unknown. 4.7- 5.2mm (FB 2.6mm). Bolivia....................................................................... S. nepos nov.sp.

30 Punctures on elytral spot distinctly delimited (fig. 40). ♂: E (figs 238, 239, 259, 272). ♀: S8 (fig. 299). 4.5-5.6mm (FB 2.5-2.6mm). Peru; Ecuador.................... S. villac nov.sp.

- Punctures on elytral spot strongly confluent (fig. 39). ♂: E (figs 257, 270). ♀: Unknown. 4.6-5.2mm (FB 2.5mm). Colombia................................. S. vermipennis nov.sp.

31 Abdominal tergites 3-6 reticulate ......................................................................................32

- Abdominal tergites 3-6 not reticulate ................................................................................41

32 Abdominal punctation denser (e. g. figs. 111, 123)...........................................................33 Abdominal punctation less dense (e. g. figs 133-136).......................................................36

33 Punctures of elytra distinctly delimited.............................................................................34

- Elytral sculpture in lateral half strongly rugose (fig. 26), spot coarsely and densely punctate. ♂: E (figs 230, 231). ♀: S8 (fig. 291). 4.5-5.2mm (FB 2.3-2.5mm). Venezuela …………………................................................................................. S. notipennis FAUVEL

34 Head smaller, HW: EW ≤0.85………………………………………….……………..35

- Head broader, HW: EW>0.85. ♂: E (fig. 311). ♀: T8 at posterior margin shallowly emarginate, S8 (fig. 282). 4.4-5.4mm (FB 2.3-2.4mm). Venezuela, Colombia..................... ............................................................................................................ S. fenestralis FAUVEL

35 ♂: E (fig. 260). ♀: T8 at posterior margin truncate-trapezoidal, S8 (fig. 315). 4.5- 5.3mm (FB 2.2-2.3mm). Colombia....................................................... S. ventridens PUTHZ

- ♂: E (figs 227, 252). ♀: T8 at posterior margin broadly rounded, S8 (fig. 301). 3.8- 4.3mm (FB 2.1mm). Peru................................................................ S. spicativentris nov.sp.

36 Punctures of elytra distinctly delimited.............................................................................37

- Punctures at/near elytral spot ± confluent .........................................................................38

37 Larger: 4.5-4.5mm (FB 2.3-2.5mm). S9 acute apicolaterally. ♂: E (fig. 174). ♀: S8 (fig. 273). Ecuador................................................................................. S. apicidens PUTHZ

- Smaller: 3.5-4.2mm (FB 2.1-2.2mm). S9 serrate apicolaterally. ♂: E (figs 244, 254). ♀ unknown. Peru................................................................................... S. unctitogatus nov.sp.

38 Elytral spot in dorsal aspect extending to the lateral margin of elytra, punctures in lateral half scarcely rugose (fig. 30), spot moderately finely and sparsely punctate. ♂: E (figs 217, 218, 234). ♀: Unknown. 4.0-4.5mm (FB 2.2mm). Peru........ rimac nov.sp.

- Elytral spot in dorsal aspect not extending to the lateral margin of elytra .........................39

39 Elytral spot with a distinct rosetta (fig. 34). ♂: E (figs 256, 267). ♀: S8 (fig. 321). 4.5- 5.5mm (FB 2.4- 2,5mm). Ecuador..................................................... S. unctivestitus nov.sp.

- Elytral spot without a rosetta.............................................................................................40

40 Smaller: 3.6-4.2mm (FB 1.9-2.0mm). Elytra (fig. 35). ♂: E (figs 246, 268). ♀: S8 (fig. 316). Colombia........................................................................................... S. unctus nov.sp.

- Larger: 4.0-5.0mm (FB 2.3-2.5mm). Elytra (fig. 33). ♂: E (figs 245, 255). ♀: S8 (fig. 320). Ecuador....................................................................................... S. unctivestis nov.sp.

41 Sternum 9 acute apicolaterally (e. g. figs 8, 12) ................................................................42

- Sternum 9 serrate apicolaterally (e. g. figs 4-6, 11)...........................................................52

42 Abdominal punctation denser (e. g. figs 110, 115)............................................................43

- Abdominal punctation less dense (e. g. figs 113, 117) ......................................................50

43 Elytral punctures predominantly distinctly delimited........................................................44

- Elytral punctures predominantly coalescent......................................................................45

44 Median portion of frons flat; punctures on pronotal disc distinctly delimited...................47

- Median portion of frons distinctly elevated; punctures on pronotal disc coalescent. ♂: E (figs 228, 317). S8 (fig. 277). 3.7-4.5mm (FB 2.0-2.1mm) Colombia; Venezuela; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia................................................................... S. perrugosu s L. BENICK

45 Larger: 4.0-4.5mm (FB 2.0-2.3mm). ♂: E (fig. 203). ♀: T8 shallowly emarginate at posterior margin, S8 (fig. 286). Ecuador................................................... S. jessicae PUTHZ

- Smaller: 3.5-4.2mm (FB 1.8-2.0mm). ♂: E (fig. 223). ♀: T8 prolonged apically, S8 (fig. 295). Ecuador.................................................................................. S. proetzeli PUTHZ

46 Punctation of T7 denser, interstices smaller than punctures (fig. 110) ..............................47

- Punctation of T7 less dense, interstices partly as large as punctures .................................48

47 Sculpture of elytra more rugose (fig. 20). ♂: E (fig. 171, 330). ♀: S8 (fig. 281). 4.0- 4.5mm (FB2.1-2.2mm). Argentina........................................................... S. elephas nov.sp.

- Sculpture of elytra less rugose (fig. 22). ♂: E (fig. 172). ♀: S8 (fig. 209). 3.8-4.3mm (FB 2.0-2.1mm). Bolivia...................................................................... S. intralituus nov.sp.

48 Head smaller (HW: EW>0.90). ♂: E (figs 253, 261), median lobe with some larger denticles. ♀: Unknown. 3.6-3.8mm (FB 2.0mm). Venezuela; Colombia............................. ............................................................................................................. S. solidus L. BENICK

- Head broader (HW: EW ≤0.85..........................................................................................49

49 Punctation of the forebody denser (elytra fig. 59), elytral spot distinct. ♂: E (figs 214, 224). ♀: S8 (fig. 296). 3.5-4.2mm (FB 2.1mm). Colombia; Venezuela............................... ........................................................................................................... S. pseudogutta PUTHZ

- Punctation of the forebody less dense (figs 49, 69), elytral spot scarcely distinct. ♂: E (fig. 199), median lobe without larger denticles. 3.5-4.0mm (FB2.0-2.1mm). Peru.............. ....................................................................................................................... S. inka PUTHZ

50 Smaller. Abdominal punctation fine and sparse, interstices on T7 three times and more as large as punctures (fig. 126). ♂: E (figs 200, 201). ♀ unknown. 3.5mm (FB 1.9mm). Ecuador................................................................................................. S. pectinifer nov.sp. Larger. Abdominal punctation less fine and denser, interstices on T7 about as large or slightly larger than diameter of punctures .........................................................................51

51 Head smaller (HW: EW  0.86), elytral spot larger (fig. 48). ♂: E (figs 191, 195, 208). ♀: S8 (fig. 285). 4.0-4.7mm (FB 2.1mm). Peru............................... S. huakamayok nov.sp.

- Head broader (HW: EW  0.82), elytral spot smaller (fig. 47).♂: E (figs 185, 198). ♀: S8 (fig. 284). 3.8-4.5mm (FB 2.0mm). Peru.................................... S. garavitoensis PUTHZ

52 Larger, FB 2.4-2.6mm. Elytra (fig. 53). ♂: E (figs 240-242, 262-266). ♀: S8 (fig. 300). 4.5-5.7mm. Ecuador; Colombia; Bolivia; Costa Rica...................... S. simplicigutta nov.sp.

- Smaller, FB ≤2.2mm .........................................................................................................53

53 Abdominal punctation sparser, interstices on T7 distinctly larger than punctures.............55

- Abdominal punctation denser, interstices on T7 as large as or smaller than punctures .....54

54 Interstices on T7 smaller. Elytra (fig. 44). ♂: E (figs 180, 188, 189). ♀: S8 (about as in fig. 298). 3.8-4.5mm (FB 2.0mm). Colombia.......................................... S. clavifer nov.sp.

- Interstices on T7 about as large as punctures. Elytra (fig. 50). ♂: E (fig. 202). ♀: S8 (about as in fig. 287). 3.8-4.3mm (FB 2.0-2.1mm). Ecuador.......... S. multiclavatus nov.sp.

55 Punctures of elytra distinctly delimited (fig. 46). ♂ unknown. ♀: S8 (fig. 283). 4.0mm (FB 2.2mm). Ecuador........................................................................ S. fenestrulifer nov.sp.

- Punctures of elytra at least around/or at elytral spot coalescent .......................................56

56 Head smaller: HW: EW  0.80...........................................................................................57

- Head broader: HW: EW ≥0.83 ..........................................................................................58

57 Elytral spot in dorsal aspect extending to the lateral margin of elytra (fig. 58). ♂: E (fig. 318). ♀: S8 (fig. 287). 3.6-4.0mm (FB 2.0-2.2mm). Colombia; Venezuela.................. .................................................................................................... S. lateralis MOTSCHULSKY

- Elytral spot in dorsal aspect not extending to the lateral margin of elytra (fig. 59). ♂: E (figs 214, 224). ♀: S8 (fig. 296). 3.5-4.2mm (FB 2.1mm). Colombia; Venezuela................ ........................................................................................................... S. pseudogutta PUTHZ

58 Elytra broader (EW: EL 1.11-1.17) ...................................................................................59

- Elytra less broad (EW: EL 1.05-1.09) ...............................................................................60

59 Elytral spot larger (fig. 42). ♂ unknown. ♀: S8 (fig. 275). 4.0-4.5mm (FB 2.1mm). Bolivia................................................................................................... S. clarigutta nov.sp.

- Elytral spot less large (fig. 43). ♂: E (figs 178, 179, 183). ♀: S8 (fig. 276). 4.0-5.0mm (FB 1.9-2.1mm). Ecuador.................................................................. S. clavalipenis nov.sp.

60 Frons broader (HW: DE 1.76), lateral portions oblique, interstices very narrow (fig. 64). ♂: Metatibiae carinate (fig. 74), E (figs 168, 181). ♀ unknown. 4.1-4.8mm (FB 2.3mm). Mexico..................................................................................... S. carinipes nov.sp.

- Frons less broad (HW: DE 1.82), lateral portions distinctly convex, less densely punctate, interstices at places as large as half diameter of punctures (fig. 66). ♂: Metatibiae simple .............................................................................................................61

61 ♂: E (figs 169, 177, 182). ♀: S8 (fig. 274). 3.5-4.6mm (FB 2.0-2.1mm). Ecuador.............. ................................................................................................................ S. cibdelos nov.sp.

- ♂: E (figs 207, 213). ♀ unknown. 3.5-4.0mm (FB 2.0 mm). Ecuador................................. ........................................................................................................... S. multispinus nov.sp.