Apanteles, F̂rster, 1862
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.2.5 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FA625455-0777-4046-B2F8-1F88CAFFE885 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7892989 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C75659-1A7A-7D23-4AA2-FA55C0CEFD23 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Apanteles |
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Key to species of Apanteles View in CoL View at ENA
in the adelinamoralesae species group, modified from Fernández-Triana et al. (2014) (females)
(additional images of the original key can be freely accessed at https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.383.6418).
1 Outer side of metatibia entirely or mostly (>0.7 posteriorly) dark brown to black (only females), with yellow-orange coloration restricted to anterior 0.2 or less ( Figs 1A, 1B View FIGURE 1 ).............................................................. 2
- Outer side of metatibia yellow-orange at least on anterior 0.5 (usually more), with dark brown to black coloration restricted to posterior 0.5 or less (see Figs 1C, 1D View FIGURE 1 )................................................................... 11
2(1) Ovipositor sheaths 1.0–1.1 × as long as metatibia........................................................... 3
- Ovipositor sheaths 1.3–1.6 × as long as metatibia........................................................... 5
3(2) T1 parallel-sided for 0.7–0.8 of its length, then narrowing posteriorly so mediotergite anterior width>1.1 × posterior width; T2 width at posterior margin 4.4 × its medial length ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ); metafemur 2.7 × as long as wide ( Fig. 2C View FIGURE 2 ) [Cocoons: Gregarious. Hosts: Antaeotricha spp. , Gonioterma latipennis ]............... yolandarojasae Fernández-Triana ( Brazil, Costa Rica)
- T1 slightly widening from anterior margin to 0.7–0.8 mediotergite length (where maximum width is reached), then narrowing towards posterior margin, with widest part of tergite (centrally) being 1.2 × that of base and/or apex; T2 width at posterior margin at most 3.1 × its medial length ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ); metafemur at least 2.9 × as long as wide ( Fig 2D View FIGURE 2 ).................... 4
4(3) Flagellomerus 2 2.4 × as long as wide; flagellomerus 14 1.3 × as long as wide; metafemur 3.3 × as long as wide; fore wing with vein 2RS 1.9 × as long as vein 2M [Cocoons: Gregarious. Hosts: Anadasmus spp. ]................................................................................................. juniorlopezi Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- Flagellomerus 2 2.9 × as long as wide; flagellomerus 14 1.7 × as long as wide; metafemur 2.9 × as long as wide; fore wing with vein 2RS 1.1 × as long as vein 2M [Cocoons: Gregarious. Host: Stenoma sp. ].................................................................................................... manuelarayai Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
5(2) Mesoscutellar disc mostly smooth ( Figs 3A, 3B View FIGURE 3 ); tarsal claws simple............................................ 6
- Mesoscutellar disc mostly punctured or weakly rugose, at least with punctures near margins ( Figs 3C, 3D View FIGURE 3 ); tarsal claws with single basal spine-like seta............................................................................. 7
6(5) Metatibia with inner spur 2.0 × as long as outer spur; flagellomerus 2 2.2 × as long as wide; T1 2.0 × as long as wide at posterior margin; fore wing with vein r 1.2 × as long as vein 2RS, and vein 2RS 1.5 × as long as vein 2M [Cocoons: Gregarious. Host: Lethata trochalosticta ]....................................... zeneidabolanosae Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- Metatibia with inner spur 1.3 × as long as outer spur; flagellomerus 2 2.9 × as long as wide; T1 2.6 × as long as wide at posterior margin; fore wing with vein r 1.8 × as long as vein 2RS, and vein 2RS 2.1 × as long as vein 2M [Cocoons: Solitary. Hosts: Antaeotricha sp. , Stenoma sp. ]................................. adelinamoralesae Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
7(5) Fore wing with vein r at most 1.4 × as long as vein 2RS; metafemur 3.4 × as long as wide; interocellar distance usually 1.5 × as long as ocellus diameter (rarely up to 1.7 ×); ovipositor sheaths at least 1.6 × as long as metatibia (very rarely 1.5 ×) ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ); protibia completely yellow ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ) [Cocoons: Gregarious. Hosts: Stenoma spp. , Anadasmus sp. ].................................................................................. didiguadamuzi Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- Fore wing with vein r at least 1.6 × as long as vein 2RS (usually more than 1.7 ×); metafemur at most 3.3 × as long as wide (usually much less); interocellar distance usually more than 1.8 × as long as ocellus diameter (rarely 1.7 ×); ovipositor sheaths at most 1.4 × as long as metatibia, usually less (very rarely 1.5 ×) ( Figs 4B, 4C View FIGURE 4 ); protibia with anterior 0.5 yellow, posterior 0.5 dark brown to black ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 )........................................................................... 8
8(7) T2 width at posterior margin at most 2.9 × its length ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ); metafemur length 3.3 × its width [Cocoons: Gregarious. Host: Stenoma fenestra ]............................................ gerardosandovali Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- T2 width at posterior margin at least 3.2 × its length (usually 3.5 ×) ( Figs 5B, 5C, 5D View FIGURE 5 ); metafemur length at most 3.0 × its width.............................................................................................. 9
9(8) T2 mostly smooth; T2 width at posterior margin at most 3.2 × its length ( Fig 5B View FIGURE 5 ) [Cocoons: Gregarious. Host: Stenoma patens ].......................................................... juanvictori Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- T2 usually with some sculpture; T2 width at posterior margin at least 3.5 × its length ( Figs 5C, 5D View FIGURE 5 )................... 10
10(9) Fore wing with vein r 2.3 × as long as vein 2RS, and vein 2RS 1.2 × as long as vein 2M ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ); mesoscutellar disc with punctures near margins, central part mostly smooth [Cocoons: Gregarious. Hosts: Anadasmus sp. , Cerconota sp. ].......................................................................... luislopezi Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- Fore wing with vein r 1.8 × as long as vein 2RS, and vein 2RS 1.5 × as long as vein 2M ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ); mesoscutellar disc mostly punctured [Cocoons: Gregarious. Host: Stenoma byssina ].............. leninguadamuzi Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
11(1) Ovipositor sheaths 1.0 × as long as metatibia (rarely 1.1 ×) ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE 7 )........................................... 12
- Ovipositor sheaths 1.2-1.6 × as long as metatibia ( Figs 7B, 7C View FIGURE 7 )............................................... 13
12(11) T1 mostly smooth, weakly sculptured laterally, and 1.7-1.9 × longer than posterior width [Cocoons: Gregarious. Host: Stenoma patens ]...................................................... isaacbermudezi Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- T1 entirely sculptured, rugose, and 1.1-1.2 × longer than posterior width [Cocoons: Solitary. Host: Stenoma catenifer ]....................................... ahuacatl Shimbori, Giacomelli & Fernández-Triana sp. n. ( Brazil; Costa Rica)
13(11) T2 width at posterior margin at most 2.9 × its length, if rarely 3.0–3.2 × then T1 length at least 2.1 × its width at posterior margin and fore wing vein 2RS as long as vein 2M and vein 2M as long as vein (RS+M)b......................... 14
- T2 width at posterior margin at least 3.2 × its length (usually much more), and/or T1 length less than 2.0 × its width at posterior margin and/or fore wing vein 2RS longer than vein 2M and/or vein 2M shorter than vein (RS+M)b.................. 16
14(13) Tarsal claws simple; fore wing with vein r 1.6 × as long as vein 2Rs, vein 2RS 1.6 × as long as vein 2M, and vein 2M 0.6 × as long as vein (RS+M)b [Cocoons: Gregarious. Hosts: Stenoma completella , S. luctifica ]........................................................................................... edgarjimenezi Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- Tarsal claws with single basal spine-like seta; fore wing with vein r at least 1.7 × as long as vein 2Rs, vein 2RS at most 1.3 × as long as vein 2M, and vein 2M at least 0.9 × as long as vein (RS+M)b........................................ 15
15(14) Interocellar distance at most 2.0 × ocellus diameter (usually less than 1.8 ×); mesoscutellar disc with punctures near the margin, central part mostly smooth; T1 length 2.1 × its width at posterior margin; ovipositor sheaths usually 1.5–1.6 × as long as metatibia length; if very rarely ovipositor sheaths 1.3 × as long as metatibia length, then body length and fore wing length 2.0 mm (otherwise body and fore wing length 2.9–3.3 mm) [Cocoons: Gregarious. Host: Stenoma completella ]............................................................................ carloscastilloi Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- Interocellar distance 2.1 × ocellus diameter; mesoscutellar disc mostly punctured; T1 length 1.7 × its width at posterior margin; ovipositor sheaths usually 1.3–1.4 × as long as metatibia length; body length 2.9–3.0 mm; fore wing length 3.1–3.4 mm [Cocoons: Gregarious. Host: Stenoma sp. ]............................. jorgecortesi Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
16(13) Ovipositor sheaths 1.6 × as long as metatibia; flagellomerus 2 2.5 × as long as wide; metatibial inner spur 1.7 × as long as outer spur [Cocoons: Gregarious. Hosts: Antaeotricha sp. , Stenoma sp. ]...... laurenmoralesae Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- Ovipositor sheaths at most 1.4 × as long as metatibia; flagellomerus 2 at least 2.6 × as long as wide (usually 2.9 × or more); metatibial inner spur at most 1.5 × as long as outer spur (usually less than 1.4 ×).................................. 17
17(16) Profemur yellow; mesofemur dark brown on anterior half and yellow on posterior half ( Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 ); [Cocoons: Solitary. Host: Cerconota anonella ]........................................................ aratiku Shimbori sp. n. ( Brazil)
- Profemur anteriorly and mesofemur entirely dark brown or black ( Figs 8A, 8B View FIGURE 8 )................................... 18
18(17) T2 width at posterior margin 4.4–4.9× its length, and fully sculptured ( Fig. 9A View FIGURE 9 ); body length 3.2–3.7 mm .............. 19
- T2 width at posterior margin at most 3.6 × its length, and mostly smooth, at most with weak and sparse punctures laterally near posterior margin ( Figs 9B, 9C, 9D View FIGURE 9 ); body length usually less than 3.0 mm (if rarely over 3.2 mm, then T2 width at posterior margin at most 3.2 × its length)......................................................................... 20
19(18) Tarsal claws simple; scutoscutellar sulcus with 9–10 pits; pterostigma 3.1–3.5 × longer than wide; [Cocoons: Solitary. Host: Anadasmus sp. ]................................................ wilbertharayai Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- Tarsal claws with single basal spine-like seta; scutoscutellar sulcus with 7 pits; pterostigma 2.7–2.8 × longer than wide [Cocoons: Gregarious. Host: Stenoma decora ]...................................... mayochinchipe Shimbori sp. n. ( Brazil)
20(18) Interocellar distance 2.2 × as long as posterior ocellus diameter; mesoscutellar disc with punctures near the margin, central part mostly smooth [Cocoons: Gregarious. Host: Macalla sp. (Pyralidae) ].......... luiscanalesi Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- Interocellar distance 1.8 × as long as posterior ocellus diameter; mesoscutellar disc mostly punctured................. 21
21(20) T1 parallel-sided, T2 with some sculpture, mostly near posterior margin ( Fig. 9C View FIGURE 9 ); fore wing with vein 2RS 1.0 × as long as vein 2M; outer margin of hypopygium extending about the same length of last tergites [Cocoons: Gregarious. Hosts: Stenoma patens , Stenoma sp. ]......................................... paulaixcamparijae Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
- T1 slightly widening from anterior margin to 0.7–0.8 mediotergite length (where maximum width is reached), then narrowing towards posterior margin, T2 mostly smooth ( Fig. 9D View FIGURE 9 ); fore wing with vein 2RS 1.5 × as long as vein 2M; outer margin of hypopygium clearly extending beyond last tergites [Cocoons: Gregarious. Host: Stenoma sp. ]...................................................................................... ronaldmurilloi Fernández-Triana ( Costa Rica)
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