Dendropaemon (Glaphyropaemon) angustipennis Harold, 1869

François Génier & Patrick Arnaud, 2016, Dendropaemon Perty, 1830: taxonomy, systematics and phylogeny of the morphologically most derived phanaeine genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, Phanaeini), Zootaxa 4099 (1) : 46-49

23. Dendropaemon (Glaphyropaemon) angustipennis Harold, 1869

( Figs. 23 , 78–79, 119, 144, 158)

Dendropemon angustipennis Harold 1869 , Col. Hefte 5: 99 (original description) Dendropemon angustipennis: Harold 1869 , Cat. Col. IV: 1020 (catalogue)

Dendropemon angustipennis: Waterhouse 1891 , Ann. Mag. Nat . Hist. 6 8: 57 (redescription) Dendropemon angustipennis: Gillet 1911 , Col. Cat. 38: 88 (catalogue)

Dendropaemon angustipennis: Olsoufieff 1924 , Insecta 13: 161 (mentioned as synonym) Dendropaemon angustipennis: Blut 1939 , Arch. Naturg. (N.F.) 8: 277 (monograph)

Dendropaemon silvanus Blut 1939 , Arch. Naturg. (N.F.) 8: 277 (nomen nova) new synonymy Dendropaemon angustipenne: Blackwelder 1944 , U.S. Nat . Mus. Bull. 185: 210 (mentioned as synonym) Dendropemon silvanum: Blackwelder 1944 , U.S. Nat . Mus. Bull. 185: 211 (checklist)

Dendropaemon angustipennis: Edmonds 1972 , Univ. Kansas Sc. Bull. 49: 851 (comment taxonomy) Dendropaemon silvanum: Edmonds 1972 , Univ. Kansas Sc. Bull. 49: 851 (comment taxonomy) Dendropaemon angustipennis: Arnaud 1982 , Rev. Fr. Ent. (N.S.) 4: 115 (lectotype designation) Dendropaemon angustipenne : Vaz-de-Mello 2000, Hac. Proy. CYTED: 192 (faunistic)

Dendropaemon silvanum : Vaz-de-Mello 2000, Hac. Proy. CYTED: 192 (faunistic)

Dendropaemon (D.) angustipennis: Arnaud 2002 , Col. Monde 28: 15 (mention)

Dendropaemon (D.) silvanus: Arnaud 2002 , Col. Monde 28: 15 (mention)

Dendropaemon ca. bahianus : Hamel-Leigue et al. 2009, Kempffiana 5: 49 (faunistic)

Type locality. Ega [= Tefé].

Diagnosis. The small size combined with the simply rounded lateral pronotal depressions combined with the presence of distinct metallic sheen and the absence of tubercle on anterior pronotal margin will separate this species from all others in the genus.

Description. Female lectotype ( Fig. 23 ). Body. Body small, length 10.0 mm, maximum width 5.0 mm; body subrectangular in dorsal view; dorsum slightly convex. Color. Dorsal surface black, glossy, with blue metallic sheen; head with faint bluish metallic sheen throughout; pronotum with blue metallic sheen, except on anterior portion of disc; elytra with uniform blue metallic sheen; ventrum dark brown to black; pygidium with greenish metallic sheen; legs dark reddish brown to black. Head. Clypeus broadly arcuate, anterior portion slightly upturned; clypeal teeth acutely triangular; clypeal median emargination broadly u-shaped, clypeal edge emarginate on external side of each clypeal tooth, clypeal teeth ventral surface with a fine v-shaped carina, clypeal margin illdefined, lacking sharp carina posteriorly, clypeal surface with short and blunt transverse rugulae; clypeogenal suture well-defined, bluntly carinate internally; genal surface with small and blunt irregular tubercles, transversally and shallowly sulcate on posterior half; clypeofrontal carina low, more than 6 times wider than high, slightly arcuate in dorsal view, lacking carina or tubercle, clypeofrontal carina apical edge straight in frontal view; eyes small in dorsal view, interocular ratio 5.2. Pronotum. Pronotum transverse in dorsal view, pronotal width/length ratio 1.4; disc of pronotum finely punctate basally, punctures becoming larger anteriorly, with a sharply defines narrow longitudinal sulcus on posterior half; pronotal anterior margin wider and flat lateral to eyes; anterior portion with a broad and fine tectiform carina tuberculate medially; anterior angles surface with rough punctures, slightly but distinctly sulcate along posterior edge of anterior margin; lateral fossae simply rounded, concave; lateral portions slightly explanate; pronotal basal fossae very small and rounded; posterior margin ill-defined, lacking setae. Elytra. Elytra approximately as long as wide in dorsal view, elytral combined width/length ratio 1.0; elytral base lacking distinct margin, simply convex; elytral striae 1–4 very wide basally and tapering toward apex, distinctly more impressed basally, elytral striae 5 similar to 4 on disc, strial punctures ill-defined basally becoming larger and deeper toward apex, stria 1 well-defined apically, connecting to marginal stria; interstriae slightly convex, minutely punctate throughout, surface glossy. Thoracic sterna. Proepisternal carina complete, extending laterally; metasternal median lobe angularly produced anteromedially, ventral ridge ill-defined, v-shaped. Legs. Profemur posterior surface convex, glabrous and punctate internally, posterointernal margin rather thick, evenly developed, internal edge rather narrow, with a contiguous row of setae along anterointernal edge, remaining surface finely punctate along setae. Protibia with four teeth on lateral edge; internal basal angle lobate; anterior surface with long aligned row of setae internally, surface glossy or feebly microsculptured between punctures; posterior surface with some well-defined punctures externally to median carina, surface glossy between punctures, with a single interrupted setal row along lateral teeth. Mesofemur angularly produced on anterointernal edge apically. Mesotibia rather short, gradually widening toward apex in anterior view; anteroapical edge slightly sinuate in anterior view, anteroapical row of setae complete; apicoanterior edge circularly indented internally; external edge more or less rounded, with several large elongate setiferous punctures. Mesotarsus similar in shape to metatarsus, 3-segmented, first segment moderately elongate, approximately two times as long as wide at apex. Metafemur internal edge nearly straight and lateral edge arcuate, lacking distinct depressed area anterointernally before apex, apicoposterior edge unmodified, anterior surface with a well-defined sulcus on more than half the length. Metatibia moderately slender, slightly widening toward apex in anterior view, anterior surface with distinct row of setae, surface glossy, metatibial posterior surface flat between longitudinal row of setae and lateral edge, with ill-defined microsculpture. Metatarsus 3-segmented ( Fig. 119 ), first segment moderately elongate, approximately two times as long as wide at apex, with anterointernal carina well defined and almost reaching apical edge. Abdominal sternites. Sternites 3–6 longitudinally flat; sternites 4–6 with 1–3 unaligned rows of setae laterally, glabrous medially; sternite 7 approximately longitudinally flat medially, subequal in length to segment 6 along midline; pygidium finely punctate on disc.

Measurements (51 males, 41 females). Length: male 8.0–12.5 (9.9±0.9), female 7.0–12.5 (9.6±1.2) mm.

Primary type data ( Fig. 144 ). Lectotype female (MNHN): [Ega] handwritten; [Ex.Musaeo/ E.Harold]; [Ega/ D./ angustipennis / t. Harold] handwritten, red border; [Museum Paris/ ex Coll./ R. Oberthur] green card; [ Dendropaemon ♀/ angustipennis Har / Lectotype / P.ARNAUD DET 1982] handwritten, red border; [WORLD/ SCARAB./ DATABASE/ WSD00002073].

Material examined. BOLIVIA: BOLIVIA: PANDO, Reserva San Sebastian Tahuamanu, Cobija, elev. 250 m (11°24'27''S, 69°1'4''W), 20.xii.2003, coll. Mann & Hamel— 1 male ( OUMNH); BRAZIL: ACRE, Fazenda Catuaba, Rio Branco, (10°4'S, 67°37'W), ii.1997, coll. F. Z. Vaz de Mello— 1 female ( CEMT); AMAZONAS, Ega [=Tefé], (3°22'S, 64°42'W), [no date], coll. [anonymous]— 4 females, 3 males ( BMNH, MNHN); Manaus, Rio Negro, (3°6'48''S, 60°1'31''W), [no date], coll. [anonymous]— 1 female ( CPFA); Massanary [= Maçauary], (4°8'S, 57°35'W), [no date], coll. Dr. Hahnel— 1 male ( MNHN); Mujo, [no date], coll. [anonymous]— 1 female ( CPFA); Natal, [no date], coll. [anonymous]— 1 male ( MNHN); Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, 26 km NE Manaus, (2°57'S, 59°57'W), 1995–1996, coll. [anonymous]— 3 females, 1 male ( BMNH); same locality, iii.1995, coll. M.G.V. Barbosa— 1 male ( CEMT); same locality, vii.1995, coll. M.G.V. Barbosa— 1 male ( CEMT); Rio Parauary, (4°36'S, 57°47'W), 15.iii.1937, coll. Zellibor-Hauff— 1 male ( CMNC); MATO GROSSO, Fazenda Continental M1 T1 P6, Municipio Sinop, 22–24.xi.2009, coll. L.R. Silva & R.L. Silva— 1 female ( CEMT); Fazenda São Nicolau (floresta prim.), Municipio Cotriguaçu, elev. 250 m (9°49'17''S, 58°16'9''W), 10.xii.2009, coll. F. Z. Vaz de Mello— 1 female ( CEMT); Fazenda São Nicolau (mata da prainha), Municipio Cotriguaçu, (9°51'57''S, 58°13'36''W), 5.x.2009, coll. F. Z. Vaz de Mello— 3 males ( CEMT); same locality, 17.x.2009, coll. F. Z. Vaz de Mello— 1 female ( CEMT); Fazenda São Nicolau (mata nordeste), Municipio Cotriguaçu, (9°50'25''S, 58°15'9''W), 5.x.2009, coll. F. Z. Vaz de Mello— 1 female, 3 males ( CEMT); same locality, 12.x.2009, coll. F. Z. Vaz de Mello— 1 male ( CEMT); same locality, 17.x.2009, coll. F. Z. Vaz de Mello— 1 female, 3 males ( CEMT); Fazenda São Nicolau (mata norte), Municipio Cotriguaçu, (9°49'19''S, 58°15'51''W), 10.xii.2009, coll. F. Z. Vaz de Mello— 2 males ( CEMT); Fazenda São Nicolau (Talhão 66), Municipio Cotriguaçu, (9°50'11.5''S, 58°15'58.24''W), 8.xi.2010, coll. M.S. Gigliotti— 1 female ( CEMT); Fazenda São Nicolau, Municipio Cotriguaçu, (9°49'8''S, 58°15'40''W), 19–24.x.2012, coll. F. Z. Vaz de Mello— 1 female ( CEMT); São José do Xingu, (10°48'S, 52°44'W), x.1948, coll. Dirings— 1 female ( MZSP); PARÁ, Env. Santarem, (2°27'S, 54°43'W), xii.1999, coll. M. Joss— 1 male ( CPFA); Estação de pesquisas Pinkaití, Area Indigena Kayapo, Redenção, (7°46'S, 51°58'W), x.1999, coll. P. Y. Scheffler— 2 males ( CEMT); same locality, xi.1999, coll. P. Y. Scheffler— 1 male ( CEMT); same locality, 24.x.1999, coll. P. Y. Scheffler— 1 male ( CEMT); Monte Cristo, Rio Tapajós, (4°7'S, 55°38'W), [no date], coll. J.F. Zikán— 1 male ( CEMT); Municipio Redenção, (7°46'S, 51°58'W), xi.1998, coll. P. & T. Scheffler— 1 male ( CEMT); [unspecified locality], [no date], coll. [anonymous]— 1 female ( BMNH); COLOMBIA: PUTUMAYO, Villagarzón, elev. 400–600 m (1°1'46''N, 76°36'59''W), 30.v.1993, coll. M. Cooper— 1 female ( BMNH); ECUADOR: ORELLANA, Estación Científica Yasuní ( PUCE), elev. 250 m (0°40'32''S, 76°21'19''W), 20.ii.2002, coll. F. Falconí— 1 female ( QCAZ); same locality, 12–24.vii.2008, coll. A. Tishechkin— 1 female ( CMNC); Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini ( USFQ), Parque Nacional Yasuní, (0°38'S, 76°9'W), ix.2000, coll. D. Inward— 1 male ( BMNH); SUCUMBÍOS, Cuyabeno, (0°15'S, 75°54'W), iv.1986, coll. G. Onore— 1 male ( AFIC); PERU: CUZCO, Samiri, Camisea, La Convención, elev. 397 m (11°38'4.6''S, 73°3'44.5''W), 16.vii.2013, coll. V. Borda— 1 female ( MUSM); MADRE DE DIOS, Centro de Investigación y Capacitación Río Los Amigos [= CICRA], elev. 250 m (12°34'10''S, 70°6'1''W), 2005, coll. T. Larsen— 5 females, 5 males ( AFIC); Jorge Chavez, Río Tambopata, elev. 230 m (12°38'59''S, 69°6'24''W), 25.ix.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 female ( AFIC); same locality, 25–26.ix.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 male ( AFIC); same locality, 27.ix.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 female ( AFIC); same locality, 27– 28.ix.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 female ( AFIC); same locality, 28–29.ix.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 female ( AFIC); same locality, 29.ix.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 male ( AFIC); same locality, 29–30.ix.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 male ( AFIC); same locality, 30.ix.–1.x.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 2 males ( AFIC); same locality, 1.x.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 female ( AFIC); Limón camp, Río Palma Real Grande, (12°32'20''S, 68°51'40''W), x.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 male ( AFIC); same locality, 7–8.x.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 female ( AFIC); same locality, 9–10.x.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 3 males ( AFIC); same locality, 10–11.x.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 male ( AFIC); same locality, 11– 12.x.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 female, 2 males ( AFIC); Limón, Río Palma Real Grande, elev. 320 m (12°32'20''S, 68°51'40''W), 8–9.x.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 male ( AFIC); same locality, 10–11.x.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 male ( AFIC); same locality, 12–13.x.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 2 females ( AFIC); Oculto camp, Río Patuyacu, elev. 400 m (12°39'S, 68°55'33''W), 24.iv.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 female ( AFIC); same locality, 1–2.ix.1999, coll. T. Larsen— 1 female ( AFIC); Río Amiguillos, elev. 260 m (12°22'25.4''S, 70°22'13.2''W), 5.x.2000, coll. T. Larsen— 1 female ( AFIC); Transect along highway, elev. 250–300 m (12°15'S, 68°59'W), ii–iii.2009, coll. T. Larsen— 1 female ( AFIC); UCAYALI, Abujao, Calleria, Coronel Portillo, elev. 243 m (8°19'22.35''S, 73°43'39.3''W), 25.iv.2013, coll. L. Huerto— 1 female, 1 male ( MUSM); Camp Kinteroni, Alto Rio Sepa, 29.5 km NW Nuevo Mundo, elev. 736 m (11°23'1.14''S, 73°24'47.87''W), 20–24.i.2010, coll. J. Grados— 1 female ( MUSM); [UNSPECIFIED COUNTRY]: Amazon, [no date], coll. [anonymous]— 1 female ( IRSNB).

Natural history. Approximately half of specimens were collected using flight intersection traps. A single specimen was collected in a pitfall trap baited with banana and another from a pitfall trap baited with human feces. A specimen was found 12 centimeters underground surface.

Remarks. Meso and hyperthelic males have the cephalic carina higher and trapezoidal in frontal view, the anterior pronotal carina present a median tubercle larger and transverse in shape and the surface is depressed on each side of median tubercle anteriorly. Parameres (Figs. 78–79) are sharply carinate laterally before apex in dorsal view.

Variation occurs mostly in size and color. The tinge of the metallic sheen is extremely variable and will vary from reddish coppery, dark coppery, green to blue. The extent of the black area on pronotum is also variable, in some individuals only the anterior pronotal carina will be black and in some others the anterior half of the pronotal disc is black.

Nomenclature and taxonomy. D. silvanus Blut, 1939 = D. angustipennis Harold, 1869 , new synonymy. Blut (1939) create the name D. silvanus as a “nom. nov.” for the taxon D. angustipennis sensu Waterhouse, 1891 (nec Harold, 1869). We examined two specimens of D. angustipennis seen by Waterhouse from the BMNH collection and we must conclude that, unlike Blut statement, they are conspecific with D. angustipennis Harold.

Figures

FIGURES 19 – 24. Dorsal habitus. 19. D. viridis, female holotype; 20. D. viridipennis, male neotype; 21. D. convexus, male neotype; 22. D. fredericki, female holotype; 23. D. angustipennis, female lectotype; 24. D. bahianus, male lectotype.

FIGURES 118 – 125. Metatarsus, ventral view. 118. D. fredericki, holotype; 119. D. angustipennis; 120. D. bahianus; 121. D. nigritulus, paratype; 122. D. amyntas; 123. D. attalus; 124. D. lydiae, paratype; 125. D. morettoi, paratype.

FIGURES 134 – 154. Primary type labels. 134. D. hirticollis; 135. D. pauliani; 136. D. renatii; 137. D. ater; 138. D. piceus; 139: D. telephus; 140. D. viridis; 141. D. viridipennis. 142. D. convexus; 143. D. fredericki; 144. D. angustipennis; 145. D. bahianus; 146. D. amyntas (= D. attalus); 147. D. ganglbaueri; 148. D. refulgens; 149. D. fractipes; 150. D. fasces; 151. D. haroldi; 152. D. nitidicollis; 153. D. quadratus; 154. D. similis; 155. D. denticollis.